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	<title>Notas de aplicación de ensayos de laboratorio - NANOVEA: perfilómetros, tribómetros, nanoindentadores y rayómetros avanzados para ensayos de materiales</title>
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	<link>https://nanovea.com/es/categoria/notas-de-aplicacion-2/pruebas-de-laboratorio/</link>
	<description>Instrumentos de metrología para la investigación de materiales y el control de calidad</description>
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	<title>Notas de aplicación de ensayos de laboratorio - NANOVEA: perfilómetros, tribómetros, nanoindentadores y rayómetros avanzados para ensayos de materiales</title>
	<link>https://nanovea.com/es/categoria/notas-de-aplicacion-2/pruebas-de-laboratorio/</link>
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		<title>Pacing Lead Insulation Wear Testing in Hanks’ Solution</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/pacing-lead-insulation-wear-testing/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=pacing-lead-insulation-wear-testing</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/es/pacing-lead-insulation-wear-testing/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 2026 17:55:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26423</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Medical Device Tribology Nano-Friction and Wear Testing of Pacing Lead Insulation in Hanks’ Solution Tribological analysis of silicone and polyether-polyurethane endocardial lead materials Request Medical Device Wear Testing Speak with an Application Engineer Research &#38; Experimental Testing Duanjie Li, PhD Visual Design &#38; Editorial Andrew Shore Introduction A pacemaker is a medical [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/pacing-lead-insulation-wear-testing/">Pacing Lead Insulation Wear Testing in Hanks’ Solution</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="26423" class="elementor elementor-26423" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>Application Note | Medical Device Tribology</p>								</div>
				</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Nano-Friction and Wear Testing of Pacing Lead Insulation in Hanks’ Solution</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tribological analysis of silicone and polyether-polyurethane endocardial lead materials</h2>				</div>
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															<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1400" height="420" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/nano-friction-wear-testing-pacing-lead-insulation.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26449" alt="Medical illustration of a pacemaker with two endocardial pacing leads routed into the heart for pacing lead insulation wear testing context" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Research &amp; Experimental Testing</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Doctor Duanjie Li</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Visual Design &amp; Editorial</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrew Shore</p>				</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introducción</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">A pacemaker is a medical device used to regulate heart rhythm and maintain an adequate heart rate. It is typically implanted in the chest or abdomen and sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle through endocardial pacing leads.</p>
As pacemakers remain a widely used treatment for cardiac rhythm disorders, the quality and service life of pacing leads are critical to long-term device performance. Lead failures can create serious risks for patients and may require surgical replacement, making <a href="https://nanovea.com/friction-wear-testing-lab-services/">pacing lead insulation wear testing</a> an important part of material evaluation for implantable cardiac devices.<sup>1–5</sup>								</div>
				</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="1262" height="417" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/endocardial-pacing-leads-insulation.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26425" alt="Endocardial pacing leads with insulated lead bodies used in implantable cardiac devices" />															</div>
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									<p>Endocardial pacing leads transmit electrical impulses from a pacemaker to the heart while operating in a dynamic body-fluid environment.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why Friction and Wear Matter for Endocardial Lead Insulation</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">The outer insulation material of an endocardial lead requires several key properties, including biological inertness, high flexibility, fracture toughness, and long service life. Low friction can reduce interaction between the lead and the blood vessel, helping minimize vessel irritation during implantation and movement.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">Wear resistance is also critical. Endocardial leads experience continuous movement from the heart and surrounding body structures, while operating in a body-fluid environment that can influence friction, wear, and material response.</p><p>Because of this complex environment, endocardial lead insulation should be evaluated using <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">controlled tribological methods</a> that simulate relevant contact conditions. Testing in Hanks’ solution allows the friction and wear behavior of lead insulation materials to be compared under a simulated body-fluid condition rather than relying only on dry testing.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="1200" height="598" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/nano-friction-test-setup-pacing-lead-insulation.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26426" alt="Nano-friction test setup for measuring pacing lead insulation materials in Hanks’ solution" />															</div>
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									<p>Nano-friction test setup used to evaluate endocardial pacing lead insulation materials under low-load contact conditions.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Objetivo de medición</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">This study compares the nano-friction and wear behavior of endocardial pacing lead insulation materials in Hanks’ solution. Silicone and polyether-polyurethane lead materials were evaluated to determine how each material responds under simulated body-fluid conditions.</p><p>Low-load nano-friction testing was performed using the Nano Module of the <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">Probador mecánico NANOVEA</a> to measure coefficient of friction at controlled contact force. Reciprocating wear testing was then performed using a <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50/">NANOVEA Tribometer</a> to compare wear resistance under linear sliding contact.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Principle</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Nano-Friction Measurement Principle</h3>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">Nano-friction testing measures the coefficient of friction (COF) between the test surface and a controlled counter material under very low applied load. In this study, the indenter made contact with the pacing lead insulation surface while the Nano Module maintained a constant load throughout the measurement.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">The Nano Module uses a fast piezoelectric system and load cell to adjust the ball position and keep the applied load stable during sliding. The sample is moved at a controlled speed while lateral force is measured and plotted against displacement.</p><p>A stainless steel ball with a 6 mm diameter is commonly used for this type of measurement, although other counter materials, shapes, and sizes can be selected to simulate different contact conditions. This allows pacing lead insulation materials to be evaluated under controlled low-load friction conditions relevant to biomedical device applications.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="621" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/nano-friction-measurement-principle-schematic.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26433" alt="Schematic of the nano-friction measurement principle showing a ball-tip indenter under controlled constant load, a capacitive depth sensor, non-destructive load, and reciprocating sample motion on a friction spring table" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;">Nano-friction measurement schematic showing controlled low-load sliding contact and lateral force measurement during reciprocating motion.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Reciprocating Wear Principle</h3>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">Reciprocating wear testing evaluates material response under repeated linear sliding contact. A flat or spherical counter material is loaded against the test sample with a precisely known force, while the sample moves back and forth in a controlled reciprocating motion.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">The counter material, such as a pin or ball, is mounted on a stiff lever that functions as a low-friction force transducer. As the sample moves, frictional forces between the counter material and the sample are measured using a strain gauge sensor on the tribometer arm.</p><p>After the test, the resulting wear track can be examined to compare material damage, wear scar geometry, and surface response. This method allows friction and wear behavior to be studied under controlled conditions, including variations in time, contact pressure, sliding speed, temperature, humidity, and lubrication environment.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="557" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/reciprocating-wear-principle-schematic.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26434" alt="Schematic of the reciprocating wear principle showing adjustable weights, tribometer arm, pin or ball holder, strain gauge, sample stage, linear wear track, and linear reciprocating motion" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;">Linear reciprocating wear schematic showing a pin or ball counterface sliding across the sample to generate a wear track under controlled load.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dfb35d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="dfb35d7" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Procedimiento de ensayo</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">The coefficient of friction (COF) of the pacing lead materials was measured against a stainless steel 440 ball with a 6 mm diameter. Testing was performed using the Nano Module of the Nanovea Mechanical Tester.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">The sample was immersed in Hanks’ solution to simulate a body-fluid environment. A low applied load of 50 mN was maintained throughout the test, while the ball slid against the lead surface at a constant speed of 20 mm/min over a total sliding distance of 10 mm.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">Wear resistance was evaluated using a Nanovea Tribometer with the Linear Reciprocating Wear Module. During the wear test, a stainless steel 303 block measuring 10 × 10 mm² was used as the counter material, and the coefficient of friction was recorded in situ at 0.1 s intervals.</p><p>After testing, the resulting wear tracks were examined under an optical microscope to compare surface damage on the silicone and polyether-polyurethane lead materials. Stainless steel was used as the counter material in this study; however, custom fixtures and alternative counter materials can be used to simulate specific application conditions.</p>								</div>
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<table class="measurement-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Sample</td>
<td>Leads made of silicone or polyether-polyurethane (PP)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Normal force</td>
<td>1 N</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Velocidad</td>
<td>200 cycles/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Duration of test</td>
<td>5 h</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Environment</td>
<td>Hanks’ solution</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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									<p style="text-align: center;">Wear test parameters used to evaluate silicone and polyether-polyurethane pacing lead materials in Hanks’ solution.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resultados y debate</h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Nano-Friction Test</h3>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">The nano-friction behavior of the silicone and polyether-polyurethane (PP) pacing lead materials was first evaluated using the Nano Module of the Nanovea Mechanical Tester. The coefficient of friction was measured in both dry conditions and Hanks’ solution to compare material response under ambient and simulated body-fluid environments.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">Both materials showed significantly lower coefficient of friction in Hanks’ solution than under dry conditions. In Hanks’ solution, the silicone lead exhibited a COF of approximately 0.15, while the polyether-polyurethane lead exhibited a lower COF of approximately 0.05. Under dry conditions, the values were substantially higher, at approximately 0.6 for silicone and 0.5 for polyether-polyurethane.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">These results demonstrate the importance of testing pacing lead insulation materials under application-relevant environmental conditions. Hanks’ solution had a strong effect on the measured friction behavior, showing that dry testing alone may not represent the tribological response of lead insulation materials in a simulated body-fluid environment.</p><p>The low-load control of the Nano Module allowed the applied force to remain constant at 50 mN during the measurement. This enabled controlled simulation of low-contact-force interaction between the lead material and surrounding biological structures.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="817" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/pacing-lead-insulation-coefficient-of-friction-hanks-solution.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26435" alt="Graph comparing coefficient of friction of silicone and polyether-polyurethane pacing lead materials in dry conditions and Hanks’ solution" />															</div>
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									<p>Coefficient of friction comparison for silicone and polyether-polyurethane pacing lead materials in dry conditions and Hanks’ solution.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f64c74c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f64c74c" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Wear Test</h3>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">Wear resistance was evaluated using a Nanovea Tribometer to compare the silicone and polyether-polyurethane pacing lead materials in Hanks’ solution. After testing, the lead surfaces were examined visually and under optical microscopy to compare the extent of wear damage.</p>
<p class="isSelectedEnd">The silicone lead showed a large wear scar with a width of approximately 1.2 mm. Microscopic observation indicated severe wear on the silicone lead, with parallel deep grooves formed along the movement direction of the rubbing block.</p>
<p class="isSelectedEnd">In comparison, the polyether-polyurethane lead showed a narrower wear scar of approximately 0.6 mm. The observed wear was milder, with only several small scratches visible on the shallow surface.</p>
Wear of the lead outer insulation can contribute to pacing and sensing abnormalities, making wear resistance an important factor in endocardial lead material selection.<sup>6</sup> These results indicate that polyether-polyurethane provided lower friction and better wear resistance than silicone under the tested conditions.								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ad7433 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="5ad7433" data-element_type="section">
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									<p>Before-and-after wear comparison of silicone and polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surfaces, including 400x microscope images showing more severe wear on silicone and milder wear on polyether-polyurethane.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-baa9b12 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="baa9b12" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="895" height="550" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/silicone-pacing-lead-before-wear.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26437" alt="Silicone pacing lead surface before wear testing in Hanks’ solution" />															</div>
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									<p>Silicone pacing lead surface before reciprocating wear testing.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="895" height="550" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/polyether-polyurethane-pacing-lead-before-wear.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26438" alt="Polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surface before wear testing in Hanks’ solution" />															</div>
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									<p>Polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surface before reciprocating wear testing.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c1e5fb elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="4c1e5fb" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="884" height="562" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/silicone-pacing-lead-after-wear.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26439" alt="Silicone pacing lead surface after wear testing showing a large wear scar" />															</div>
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									<p>Silicone pacing lead surface after wear testing, showing a pronounced wear scar.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="884" height="562" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/polyether-polyurethane-pacing-lead-after-wear.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26440" alt="Polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surface after wear testing showing a smaller wear scar" />															</div>
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									<p>Polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surface after reciprocating wear testing.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-768f86a elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="768f86a" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="874" height="649" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/silicone-pacing-lead-after-wear-400x.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26441" alt="Microscope image at 400x magnification showing severe wear grooves on silicone pacing lead surface" />															</div>
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									<p>400x microscope image of the silicone pacing lead after wear testing, showing deep parallel wear grooves.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="874" height="649" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/polyether-polyurethane-pacing-lead-after-wear-400x.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26442" alt="Microscope image at 400x magnification showing mild wear on polyether-polyurethane pacing lead surface" />															</div>
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									<p>400x microscope image of the polyether-polyurethane pacing lead after wear testing, showing comparatively mild surface wear.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusión</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="isSelectedEnd">This study demonstrated the use of low-load nano-friction testing and reciprocating wear testing to evaluate endocardial pacing lead insulation materials in Hanks’ solution. The Nano Module of the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester measured coefficient of friction under controlled low-load contact, while the NANOVEA Tribometer simulated wear behavior under reciprocating sliding motion.</p><p class="isSelectedEnd">Testing in Hanks’ solution showed a clear difference between silicone and polyether-polyurethane lead materials. Polyether-polyurethane exhibited lower coefficient of friction and better wear resistance than silicone under the tested conditions, making it the stronger candidate for the outer insulation material of endocardial pacing leads in this study.</p><p>These results highlight the importance of evaluating biomedical materials under application-relevant environments rather than relying only on dry testing. Controlled nano-friction and tribology testing can help compare candidate materials, quantify friction response, and evaluate wear resistance for implantable medical device components.</p><p>The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester&#8217;s Nano, Micro, and Macro modules operate within a single ISO and ASTM compliant platform, enabling consistent evaluation of hardness, elastic modulus, fracture toughness, and wear from a single system. The NANOVEA Tribometer similarly supports rotative and linear wear modes with optional high-temperature, corrosion, and liquid environment modules.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cee3530 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="cee3530" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referencias</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[1] Magney JE, Flynn DM, Parsons JA, Staplin DH, Chin-Purcell MV, Milstein S, Hunter DW. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16:445–457.</em><br /><em>[2] Jacobs DM, Fink AS, Miller RP, Anderson WR, McVenes RD, Lessar JF, Cobian KE, et al. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993; 16:434–444.<br />[3] Gupta K, Villareal RP, Rasekh A, Massumi A. Tex Heart Inst J. 2003; 30:84–85.<br />[4] Magney JE, Parsons JA, Flynn DM, Hunter DW. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1995; 18:1509–1517.<br />[5] Kazama S, Nishiyama K, Machii M, Tanaka K, Amano T, Nomura T, Ohuchi M, et al. Jpn Heart J. 1993; 34:193–200.<br />[6] Andrzej K, Barbara M, Agnieszka K, Marcin G. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013; 36(12):1503–1511.<br /></em></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2dee8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a2dee8e" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Pacing Lead Insulation Wear Testing</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How do you evaluate friction and wear behavior of pacing lead insulation?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Pacing lead insulation can be evaluated using low-load friction testing and reciprocating wear testing. These methods measure coefficient of friction, wear scar formation, and surface damage under controlled load, motion, and environmental conditions.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cbcfaa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cbcfaa4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is low-load friction testing important for endocardial leads?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="658" data-end="746">Endocardial leads operate under relatively low contact forces while interacting with blood vessels, tissue, and surrounding structures. Low-load friction testing helps evaluate how insulation materials behave under contact conditions that are closer to the application than high-force mechanical testing alone.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does coefficient of friction indicate in pacing lead material testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Coefficient of friction indicates how much resistance occurs during sliding contact between the lead insulation and a counter material. In this study, lower COF values in Hanks’ solution showed that the test environment had a strong effect on the measured friction behavior of silicone and polyether-polyurethane materials.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why compare silicone and polyether-polyurethane lead insulation materials?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Silicone and polyether-polyurethane are commonly considered for flexible biomedical insulation applications because they can provide different combinations of flexibility, durability, and surface response. Comparing them under the same test conditions helps identify which material provides lower friction and better wear resistance for the intended application.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Which NANOVEA instruments are used for low-load friction and wear testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Low-load coefficient of friction can be measured using the Nano Module of a NANOVEA Mechanical Tester, while reciprocating wear behavior can be evaluated using a NANOVEA Tribometer. Together, these systems allow controlled evaluation of friction, wear, and material response for biomedical components.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How is reciprocating wear testing used for pacing lead materials?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Reciprocating wear testing repeatedly slides a counter material across the sample surface under controlled load to create and evaluate a wear track. For pacing lead insulation materials, this allows comparison of wear scar width, surface damage, and material durability under simulated sliding contact.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Need Reliable Medical Device Friction and Wear Testing?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/pacing-lead-insulation-wear-testing/">Pacing Lead Insulation Wear Testing in Hanks’ Solution</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Climbing Hold Surface Roughness Analysis</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/climbing-hold-surface-roughness-analysis/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=climbing-hold-surface-roughness-analysis</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 20:27:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26347</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; 3D Optical Profilometry Climbing Hold Surface Roughness Analysis Using 3D Optical Profilometry Measuring Texture, Porosity, and Topography on Bouldering Holds Request Surface Roughness Testing Speak with an Application Engineer Research &#38; Experimental Testing Walter Alabiso, PhD Visual Design &#38; Editorial Andrew Shore Introduction Bouldering is a demanding discipline that combines physical strength, [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/climbing-hold-surface-roughness-analysis/">Climbing Hold Surface Roughness Analysis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="26347" class="elementor elementor-26347" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>Application Note | 3D Optical Profilometry</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1400" height="420" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/climbing-hold-surface-roughness-analysis-using-3d-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26350" alt="Bouldering holds analyzed for climbing hold surface roughness using 3D optical profilometry." />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Walter Alabiso, PhD</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introducción</h2>				</div>
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									<p class="font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]">Bouldering is a demanding discipline that combines physical strength, precise body positioning, and an understanding of how the human body interacts with climbing surfaces. On slab routes, where the wall is angled below vertical and positive holds are limited or absent, a climber&#8217;s stability depends almost entirely on the tribological interaction between the body and the climbing hold surface.</p><p class="font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]">Climbing hold surface roughness plays a central role in this contact. Roughness provides the microtexture needed for smearing, a technique where high-friction rubber soles are pressed firmly against the surface to expand the effective contact area and generate adherence. A similar mechanism occurs at the fingers, where the ridges of fingerprints and the pliability of skin deform slightly against the hold&#8217;s surface features, creating grip through microscopic interlocking.</p><p class="font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]">Porosity contributes to grip performance by absorbing moisture, sweat, or chalk at the contact interface, preventing the formation of a thin lubricating film that would reduce friction. Micro-cracks and surface flaws act as additional friction points, helping the climber maintain lateral tension against the hold surface. Because these features (roughness, porosity, and surface morphology) operate at different scales and interact differently depending on the hold, quantitative <a class="underline underline underline-offset-2 decoration-1 decoration-current/40 hover:decoration-current focus:decoration-current" href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">3D surface measurement</a> is essential for comparing how different climbing hold textures perform under real contact conditions.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="857" height="268" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/climbing-hold-samples-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26354" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Bouldering grips used to compare surface roughness, pore morphology, and grip-related topography.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why Use Non-Contact Profilometry for Climbing Hold Surface Analysis</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="786" data-end="1054">Climbing holds and rock-like surfaces can include deep pores, steep asperities, sharp valleys, and irregular texture. These features are difficult to measure accurately with contact-based profilometry because a physical stylus can lose contact, deform local surface features, or fail to reach narrow cavities.</p><p data-start="786" data-end="1054">NANOVEA’s non-contact optical profilometry uses chromatic light technology to capture surface height data without touching the sample. This makes it suitable for reconstructing complex climbing hold topography, including deep nooks, pores, and surface flaws, while avoiding measurement artifacts caused by local plastic deformation.</p><p data-start="786" data-end="1054">In this study, the <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/jr25/">NANOVEA JR25 Optical Profiler</a> was used to measure two bouldering grips: a yellow block with a smoother, flatter surface and a green block with a rougher tactile texture. Both samples were scanned using a PS4-MG35 single-point optical sensor with a 3000 µm Z-range and a 4 µm acquisition step in X and Y.</p><p data-start="786" data-end="1054">Dual-frequency acquisition was used to reduce light sensor saturation from localized bright spots on the grip surfaces, allowing the profiler to capture roughness and pore morphology across the scanned areas.</p>								</div>
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									<p>The objective of this study was to demonstrate how non-contact 3D optical profilometry can be used to reconstruct and compare the surface roughness, topography, and pore morphology of climbing holds.</p><p>Two bouldering grip samples were analyzed: a yellow hold with a smoother, flatter surface and a blue hold with a rougher tactile texture and sharper grip features. The analysis focused on surface height variation, areal roughness parameters, pore coverage, pore size, pore depth, and functional surface behavior.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="817" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/jr25-optical-profilometer-climbing-hold-surface-measurement.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26365" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>The NANOVEA JR25 Optical Profilometer measuring the climbing hold samples using an optical sensor.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p>The NANOVEA JR25 Optical Profiler was used to measure the yellow and blue bouldering grip samples. Each surface was scanned with a PS4-MG35 single-point optical sensor with an enhanced 3000 µm Z-range, allowing the system to capture deep pores, sharp valleys, and irregular surface texture while maintaining a 4 µm acquisition step in X and Y.</p><p>Dual-frequency acquisition was used to reduce light sensor saturation from localized bright spots on the grip surfaces, improving data capture across rough, porous, and uneven areas.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">JR25 Portable</span></p><p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">Perfilómetro óptico</p>								</div>
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							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanovea-jr25-portable-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25699" alt="NANOVEA JR25 portable optical profilometer for non-contact surface measurement" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Test Parameters</h2>				</div>
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<table class="measurement-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Measurement Setting</th>
<th>Optical Profilometry Setup</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Samples measured</td>
<td>Yellow and blue bouldering grip samples</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Optical pen</td>
<td>PS4-MG35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Z-range</td>
<td>3000 µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scan area</td>
<td>5.00 mm × 5.00 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X-step size</td>
<td>4.00 µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Y-step size</td>
<td>4.00 µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Averaging</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Measurement type</td>
<td>Direct</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Acquisition mode</td>
<td>Dual frequency</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Acquisition rate</td>
<td>100–400 Hz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Light intensity</td>
<td>100%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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									<p style="text-align: center;">Optical profilometry test conditions used to measure the bouldering grip samples.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Optical Profilometry Results</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Yellow Grip Sample</h3>				</div>
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					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis</h4>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The 3D rendering below shows the reconstructed surface topography of the yellow climbing grip sample.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="890" height="736" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-3d-surface-topography-optical-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26375" alt="3D optical profilometry reconstruction of the yellow climbing grip surface showing pores, roughness, and surface height variation." />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A total least-squares plane was removed to study surface properties. The roughness filters S-Gaussian 2.5 µm was applied following ISO 25178 (1/2 cut-off removed at each side). However, the sharp density of pores and asperities and the elevated average roughness make the use of a Gaussian L-filter (8 mm cut off) inapplicable. Therefore, the primary surface was considered, and the roughness parameters are listed in the table below, alongside the 2D false-color map of the filtered surface.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb7f23e elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="eb7f23e" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="724" height="570" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-surface-roughness-map-iso-25178.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26376" alt="False-color optical profilometry surface roughness map of the yellow climbing grip sample with ISO 25178 height parameters." />															</div>
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<table class="iso-roughness-table">
<tbody><!-- Filter Settings -->
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="4">ISO 25178-2 – Primary Surface</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm, 1/2 cut-off</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><strong>F-operation:</strong> [Workflow] Leveled (TLSPL)</td>
</tr>
<!-- Height Parameters Header -->
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="4">Height Parameters</td>
</tr>
<!-- Height Parameter Rows -->
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sq</td>
<td>168.970</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura media cuadrática</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Ssk</td>
<td>-0.927</td>
<td></td>
<td>Skewness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Código</td>
<td>4.117</td>
<td></td>
<td>Kurtosis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sp</td>
<td>320.530</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura máxima del pico</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sv</td>
<td>868.116</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Maximum pit depth</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sz</td>
<td>1188.645</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura máxima</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sa</td>
<td>132.953</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura media aritmética</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
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									<p>The average surface roughness <em>Sa</em> is 132.953 µm, whereas the peak-to-valley roughness, <em>Sz</em> amounts to 1188.645 µm. The surface morphology is skewed towards deep valleys (<em>Ssk</em> &lt; 0, <em>Sv</em> &gt; <em>Sp</em>), with a leptokurtotic (<em>Código</em> &gt; 3) distribution of peaks and valleys relative to the average plane.</p><p>The following picture shows a 2D photo-simulation of the area under artificial lighting, highlighting the region’s morphology.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="692" height="692" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-2d-photo-simulation-surface-morphology-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26378" alt="2D photo simulation of the yellow climbing grip surface showing pores, roughness, and morphology under artificial lighting." />															</div>
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					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pore Morphology Analysis</h4>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A pore analysis was performed across the full scanned area using a semi-automated edge-detection algorithm. The analysis identified recessed surface features to quantify pore coverage, pore density, radius, void volume, and maximum depth.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="746" height="538" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-pore-detection-settings.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26379" alt="Pore detection analysis of the yellow climbing grip surface using semi-automated edge detection to identify recessed surface features." />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The detected pore locations were then mapped across the scanned 5 mm × 5 mm area to evaluate pore coverage, density, and size distribution.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="981" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-pore-distribution-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26380" alt="Pore distribution map of the yellow climbing grip sample showing detected recessed surface features across a 5 mm by 5 mm scanned area." />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c9e0399 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c9e0399" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table pore-info-table"><tbody><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="2">Information</td></tr><tr><td>Method</td><td>Circle detection</td></tr><tr><td>Features detected</td><td>Pores, recessed objects</td></tr><tr><td>Minimum detection diameter</td><td>0.150 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Maximum detection diameter</td><td>2.000 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Number of detected pores</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><td>Surface coverage</td><td>47.395%</td></tr><tr><td>Pore density</td><td>8.203 particles/mm²</td></tr></tbody></table><table class="measurement-table pore-statistics-table" style="width: 114%;"><tbody><tr class="section-header"><td style="width: 131.537%;" colspan="6">Global Statistics</td></tr><tr><th style="width: 58.8822%;">Parameter</th><th style="width: 1.99601%;">Unit</th><th style="width: 20.9581%;">Mean</th><th style="width: 20.9581%;">Std. Dev.</th><th style="width: 16.3673%;">Min</th><th style="width: 12.3752%;">Max</th></tr><tr><td style="width: 58.8822%;">Radius</td><td style="width: 1.99601%;">mm</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">0.127</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">0.049</td><td style="width: 16.3673%;">0.076</td><td style="width: 12.3752%;">0.275</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 58.8822%;">Void volume</td><td style="width: 1.99601%;">µm³</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">4,724,770.705</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">6,748,143.925</td><td style="width: 16.3673%;">23,594.172</td><td style="width: 12.3752%;">4.422 × 10⁷</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 58.8822%;">Maximum depth</td><td style="width: 1.99601%;">µm</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">173.729</td><td style="width: 20.9581%;">94.942</td><td style="width: 16.3673%;">28.153</td><td style="width: 12.3752%;">716.480</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-70adb50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="70adb50" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>Pores covered nearly half of the yellow grip’s scanned surface, with a measured coverage of 47.395% and a pore density of 8.203 particles/mm². The detected pores and cracks were highly heterogeneous in size, volume, and depth, ranging from large crater-like features with a maximum radius of 0.275 mm and void volume above 4.4 × 10⁷ µm³ to smaller pores with a minimum radius of 0.076 mm and void volume of 23,594.172 µm³. This uneven pore distribution is reflected in the large standard deviation measured for void volume and maximum depth.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-822ef9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="822ef9e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Functional Surface Parameters (Abbott-Firestone curve)</h4>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-389b11b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="389b11b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The Abbott-Firestone curve shows the cumulative areal material distribution of the yellow climbing grip sample. This analysis defines functional surface parameters including Sk, Spk, and Svk according to ISO 25178-2.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9a2ccd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="9a2ccd8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="718" height="631" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-abbott-firestone-curve.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26382" alt="Abbott-Firestone curve for the yellow climbing grip sample showing cumulative areal material distribution and functional surface parameters." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e47c226 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e47c226" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper">
<table class="measurement-table">
<tbody>

<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="3">Information</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Estándar</td>
<td colspan="2">ISO 25178-2</td>
</tr>

<tr class="section-header">
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Value</td>
<td>Unit</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Sk</td>
<td>409.738</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Spk</td>
<td>45.480</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Svk</td>
<td>233.446</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Smrk1</td>
<td>3.976</td>
<td>%</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Smrk2</td>
<td>85.005</td>
<td>%</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5db46d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5db46d7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The chart below shows the peak-valley distribution from the mean plane based on the functional parameters derived from the Abbott-Firestone curve. Valleys are shown in purple, the mean plane in green, and peaks in orange.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-77b55b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="77b55b9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="741" height="604" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/yellow-grip-peak-valley-distribution-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26383" alt="Peak-valley distribution map of the yellow climbing grip sample showing valleys, mean plane regions, and peaks derived from Abbott-Firestone functional parameters." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-551f337 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="551f337" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper">
<table class="measurement-table functional-distribution-table" style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width:42%;">
<col style="width:10%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
</colgroup>
<tbody>

<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="5">Information</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>1st threshold</td>
<td colspan="4">Height &#8211; c1: 229.209 µm</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>2nd threshold</td>
<td colspan="4">Height &#8211; c2: -180.424 µm</td>
</tr>

<tr class="section-header">
<td>Parameters</td>
<td>Unit</td>
<td style="background-color:#7e01ff; color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"></td>
<td style="background-color:#b3ffb4; color:#000000; text-align:center;"></td>
<td style="background-color:#ff9e02; color:#000000; text-align:center;"></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Projected area (in %)</td>
<td>%</td>
<td>14.995</td>
<td>81.029</td>
<td>3.976</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Projected area</td>
<td>mm²</td>
<td>3.772</td>
<td>20.381</td>
<td>1.000</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Volume of material (in %)</td>
<td>%</td>
<td>97.451</td>
<td>48.100</td>
<td>0.973</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Volume of material</td>
<td>µm³</td>
<td>1.684 × 10¹⁰</td>
<td>4.956 × 10⁹</td>
<td>2.275 × 10⁷</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fe91421 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="fe91421" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The yellow grip sample shows a dominant mean-plane region with scattered recessed pores and a smaller population of raised peaks. This indicates a surface texture characterized mainly by average-sized pores distributed across the scanned area.</p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6abce6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6abce6c" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-630de9a" data-id="630de9a" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-571dd6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="571dd6b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Blue Grip Sample</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c546dbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c546dbd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis</h4>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b74a93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8b74a93" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The 3D rendering below shows the reconstructed surface topography of the blue climbing grip sample.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-239beeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="239beeb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="890" height="736" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-3d-surface-topography-optical-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26384" alt="3D optical profilometry reconstruction of the blue climbing grip surface showing roughness, pores, asperities, and surface height variation." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43cd059 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="43cd059" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A total least-squares plane was removed to evaluate the blue grip’s surface properties. An S-Gaussian 2.5 µm roughness filter was applied following ISO 25178, with 1/2 cut-off removed at each side.</p><p data-start="548" data-end="837">Because of the dense pores, asperities, and elevated average roughness, a Gaussian L-filter with an 8 mm cut-off was not applied. The primary surface was used for roughness analysis, with the roughness parameters listed alongside the 2D false-color map of the filtered surface.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-88688d5 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="88688d5" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-78cf89b" data-id="78cf89b" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-210e196 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="210e196" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="716" height="548" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-surface-roughness-map-iso-25178.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26385" alt="False-color optical profilometry surface roughness map of the blue climbing grip sample with ISO 25178 height parameters." />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f1e5606 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f1e5606" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="iso-roughness-table-wrapper">
<table class="iso-roughness-table">
<tbody><!-- Filter Settings -->
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="4">ISO 25178-2 – Primary Surface</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm, 1/2 cut-off</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><strong>F-operation:</strong> [Workflow] Leveled (TLSPL)</td>
</tr>

<!-- Height Parameters Header -->
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="4">Height Parameters</td>
</tr>

<!-- Height Parameter Rows -->
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sq</td>
<td>211.440</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura media cuadrática</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Ssk</td>
<td>-0.682</td>
<td></td>
<td>Skewness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Código</td>
<td>3.672</td>
<td></td>
<td>Kurtosis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sp</td>
<td>522.404</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura máxima del pico</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sv</td>
<td>720.164</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Maximum pit depth</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sz</td>
<td>1242.568</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura máxima</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="param-code">Sa</td>
<td>166.719</td>
<td>µm</td>
<td>Altura media aritmética</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-407a4b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="407a4b6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>The blue grip sample had an average surface roughness, Sa, of 166.719 µm and a peak-to-valley roughness, Sz, of 1242.568 µm. The negative skewness value, Ssk <span class="ͼz">&amp;lt;</span> 0, indicates that the surface morphology is skewed toward deep valleys, while Sv <span class="ͼz">&amp;gt;</span> Sp shows that the maximum pit depth exceeded the maximum peak height.</p><p>The kurtosis value, Sku <span class="ͼz">&amp;gt;</span> 3, indicates a leptokurtotic height distribution, meaning the blue grip surface contains sharper or more extreme peaks and valleys relative to the average plane.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-38d40ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="38d40ca" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>The 2D photo simulation below highlights the blue climbing grip’s surface morphology under artificial lighting.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f8cdb9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="f8cdb9b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="692" height="692" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-2d-photo-simulation-surface-morphology.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26386" alt="2D photo simulation of the blue climbing grip surface showing pores, roughness, and morphology under artificial lighting." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c7e2f9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c7e2f9e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pore Morphology Analysis</h4>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-94c30f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="94c30f7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A pore analysis was performed across the full scanned area using a semi-automated edge-detection algorithm. The analysis identified recessed surface features to quantify pore coverage, pore density, radius, void volume, and maximum depth.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-66fadb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="66fadb4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="746" height="538" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-pore-detection-settings.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26387" alt="Pore detection analysis of the blue climbing grip surface using semi-automated edge detection to identify recessed surface features." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b7176fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="b7176fc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The detected pore locations were mapped across the scanned 5 mm × 5 mm area to evaluate pore coverage, density, and size distribution.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dc2114f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="dc2114f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="970" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-pore-distribution-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26388" alt="Pore distribution map of the blue climbing grip sample showing detected recessed surface features across a 5 mm by 5 mm scanned area." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c209fcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c209fcb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper">
<table class="measurement-table pore-info-table">
<tbody>
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="2">Information</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Method</td>
<td>Circle detection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Features detected</td>
<td>Pores, recessed objects</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minimum detection diameter</td>
<td>0.040 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum detection diameter</td>
<td>2.000 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Number of detected pores</td>
<td>794</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Surface coverage</td>
<td>24.208%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pore density</td>
<td>31.355 particles/mm²</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table class="measurement-table pore-statistics-table" style="width: 114%;">
<tbody>
<tr class="section-header">
<td style="width: 131.537%;" colspan="6">Global Statistics</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="width: 58.8822%;">Parameter</th>
<th style="width: 1.99601%;">Unit</th>
<th style="width: 20.9581%;">Mean</th>
<th style="width: 20.9581%;">Std. Dev.</th>
<th style="width: 16.3673%;">Min</th>
<th style="width: 12.3752%;">Max</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 58.8822%;">Radius</td>
<td style="width: 1.99601%;">mm</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">0.035</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">0.035</td>
<td style="width: 16.3673%;">0.020</td>
<td style="width: 12.3752%;">0.218</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 58.8822%;">Void volume</td>
<td style="width: 1.99601%;">µm³</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">821,872.849</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">2,495,310.021</td>
<td style="width: 16.3673%;">11,009.819</td>
<td style="width: 12.3752%;">2.929 × 10⁷</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 58.8822%;">Maximum depth</td>
<td style="width: 1.99601%;">µm</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">476.053</td>
<td style="width: 20.9581%;">305.830</td>
<td style="width: 16.3673%;">16.132</td>
<td style="width: 12.3752%;">1044.045</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c700b93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c700b93" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>Pores covered 24.208% of the blue grip’s scanned surface, with a pore density of 31.355 particles/mm². The detected pores and cracks were highly heterogeneous in size, volume, and depth, ranging from large crater-like features with a maximum radius of 0.218 mm and void volume greater than 2.9 × 10⁷ µm³ to small pores with a minimum radius of 0.020 mm and void volume of approximately 1.1 × 10⁴ µm³.</p><p>This uneven distribution is reflected in the large standard deviation measured for void volume and maximum depth. The pore distribution is bimodal, with one population of fine, deep pores and another population of larger crater-like valleys.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0883edf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="0883edf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Functional Surface Parameters (Abbott-Firestone curve)</h4>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-aaf1bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="aaf1bcc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The Abbott-Firestone curve shows the cumulative areal material distribution of the blue climbing grip sample. This analysis defines functional surface parameters including Sk, Spk, and Svk according to ISO 25178-2.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c84d965 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="c84d965" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="714" height="630" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-abbott-firestone-curve.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26392" alt="Abbott-Firestone curve for the blue climbing grip sample showing cumulative areal material distribution and functional surface parameters." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3dacae3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3dacae3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper">
<table class="measurement-table">
<tbody>
<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="3">Information</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Estándar</td>
<td colspan="2">ISO 25178-2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="section-header">
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Value</td>
<td>Unit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sk</td>
<td>522.359</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Spk</td>
<td>117.670</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Svk</td>
<td>295.209</td>
<td>µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Smrk1</td>
<td>6.122</td>
<td>%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Smrk2</td>
<td>87.456</td>
<td>%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1fe251a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1fe251a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The chart below shows the peak-valley distribution from the mean plane based on the functional parameters derived from the Abbott-Firestone curve. Valleys are shown in purple, the mean plane in green, and peaks in orange.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-af3217e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="af3217e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="741" height="604" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/blue-grip-peak-valley-distribution-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26399" alt="Peak-valley distribution map of the blue climbing grip sample showing valleys, mean-plane regions, and peaks derived from Abbott-Firestone functional parameters." />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f355923 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f355923" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper">
<table class="measurement-table functional-distribution-table" style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width:42%;">
<col style="width:10%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
<col style="width:16%;">
</colgroup>
<tbody>

<tr class="section-header">
<td colspan="5">Information</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>1st threshold</td>
<td colspan="4">Height &#8211; c1: 283.646 µm</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>2nd threshold</td>
<td colspan="4">Height &#8211; c2: -238.619 µm</td>
</tr>

<tr class="section-header">
<td>Parameters</td>
<td>Unit</td>
<td style="background-color:#7e01ff; color:#ffffff; text-align:center;"></td>
<td style="background-color:#b3ffb4; color:#000000; text-align:center;"></td>
<td style="background-color:#ff9e02; color:#000000; text-align:center;"></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Projected area (in %)</td>
<td>%</td>
<td>12.544</td>
<td>81.334</td>
<td>6.122</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Projected area</td>
<td>mm²</td>
<td>3.182</td>
<td>20.629</td>
<td>1.553</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Volume of material (in %)</td>
<td>%</td>
<td>96.079</td>
<td>48.546</td>
<td>1.514</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Volume of material</td>
<td>µm³</td>
<td>1.151 × 10¹⁰</td>
<td>6.431 × 10⁹</td>
<td>9.142 × 10⁷</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c2d21ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c2d21ef" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The blue grip sample shows a dominant mean-plane region with fine, deep pores distributed across the surface and localized peak features. Compared with the yellow grip, the blue grip contains a higher projected peak area and a bimodal pore structure, combining fine recessed pores with larger crater-like valleys.</p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-683f81e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="683f81e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusión</h2>				</div>
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									<p>In this application, the NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler was used to measure the surface roughness, topography, and pore morphology of yellow and blue bouldering grip samples.</p><p>Topographic analysis showed that both grip samples had high surface roughness, with Sa values above 100 µm and Sz values above 1000 µm. Both surfaces also showed an asymmetric height distribution skewed toward valleys, indicating that recessed features played a major role in the measured surface morphology.</p><p>The yellow grip sample showed higher pore coverage, with pores covering 47.395% of the scanned surface. Its surface was mainly characterized by average-sized pores distributed across the measured area.</p><p>The blue grip sample showed lower pore coverage at 24.208%, but a much higher pore density of 31.355 particles/mm². Its pore distribution was bimodal, with a population of fine, deep pores and a separate population of larger crater-like valleys.</p><p>These results show how non-contact 3D optical profilometry can quantify climbing hold surface features that are difficult to evaluate from visual inspection alone, including roughness, pore coverage, pore depth, surface height distribution, and functional topography. The blue grip&#8217;s higher porosity and bimodal pore structure make it more likely to absorb moisture and chalk at the contact interface, while its elevated roughness and surface morphology support stable friction for shoe rubber and finger contact. The yellow grip&#8217;s lower roughness and flatter profile suggest it is better suited for use as a foothold in slab climbing, where broad surface contact matters more than deep textural engagement.</p>								</div>
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					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2dee8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a2dee8e" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Climbing Hold Surface Roughness</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is climbing hold surface roughness?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Climbing hold surface roughness describes the height variation, texture, pores, asperities, and valleys present on the surface of a climbing grip. These features can influence contact behavior between the hold, shoe rubber, skin, chalk, and moisture.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cbcfaa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cbcfaa4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How can climbing hold surface roughness be measured?</h3>				</div>
				</div>
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									<p data-start="658" data-end="746">Climbing hold surface roughness can be measured using non-contact 3D optical profilometry. This method reconstructs the surface topography and calculates areal roughness parameters such as Sa, Sz, Sp, Sv, Ssk, and Sku without touching or deforming the sample.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cf1f839 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cf1f839" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why use non-contact optical profilometry for climbing hold analysis?</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e60fcb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e60fcb6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Non-contact optical profilometry is useful for climbing hold analysis because climbing grips can contain deep pores, sharp valleys, rough asperities, and irregular surface texture. A contact stylus may lose contact, fail to reach recessed features, or introduce artifacts on complex surfaces.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2ae518f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="2ae518f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does Sa mean in surface roughness analysis?</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1d77659 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1d77659" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Sa is the arithmetic mean height of a surface and is commonly used to describe average areal surface roughness. In this app note, both climbing grip samples showed high Sa values above 100 µm, indicating strongly textured surfaces.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d372dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3d372dd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does Sz mean in optical profilometry results?</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b1dd455 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="b1dd455" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Sz is the maximum height of the measured surface, calculated from the highest peak to the deepest valley. In climbing hold surface roughness analysis, Sz helps describe the full vertical range of the grip’s surface texture.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5cbc604 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5cbc604" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is pore morphology important for climbing grips?</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-82a2d66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="82a2d66" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Pore morphology can affect how a climbing grip interacts with chalk, sweat, humidity, skin, and shoe rubber. Measuring pore coverage, density, depth, and volume helps quantify surface features that are difficult to evaluate by visual inspection alone.</p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/climbing-hold-surface-roughness-analysis/">Climbing Hold Surface Roughness Analysis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 20:57:16 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
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		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26271</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Stent Coating Adhesion Testing Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing Quantifying Coating Failure and Adhesion Performance on Drug-Eluting Stents Request Coating Adhesion Testing Speak with an Application Engineer Research &#38; Experimental Testing Duanjie Li, PhD Visual Design &#38; Editorial Andrew Shore Introduction Blood is carried through arteries from [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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									<p>Application Note | Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</p>								</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrew Shore</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introducción</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">Blood is carried through arteries from the heart to the rest of the body. Any weakening or blockage of these vessels can pose significant health risks and may become life-threatening. A stent is a small mesh tube inserted into the lumen of a blood vessel to treat narrowed or weakened arteries. Stent implantation is now a widely used procedure to support the arterial wall and restore blood flowᶦ.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="320" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/medical-stent-mesh-structure-metal-stent-geometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26304" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Metal stent mesh geometry illustrating the structural complexity of vascular implant design.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why coating adhesion matters in drug-eluting stents</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="786" data-end="1054">Drug-eluting stents represent a major advancement in stent technology. They incorporate a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer coating that enables controlled drug release at the arterial site, helping to inhibit intimal thickening and reduce the risk of restenosisᶦᶦ.</p><p data-start="1056" data-end="1284">A critical concern in these systems is the delamination of the polymer coating from the metallic stent substrate. This coating carries the drug-eluting layer, and its adhesion directly impacts device performance and reliability.</p><p data-start="1286" data-end="1537">To improve coating adhesion, stents are often designed with complex geometries. In this study, the polymer coating is located at the bottom of grooves within the stent mesh. This configuration presents a significant challenge for adhesion measurement.</p><p data-start="1539" data-end="1795">A reliable method is required to quantitatively evaluate the interfacial strength between the polymer coating and the metal substrate. The small diameter of the stent mesh, comparable to a human hair, combined with its three-dimensional geometry, requires:</p><ul data-start="1796" data-end="1916"><li data-section-id="1n0qc6y" data-start="1796" data-end="1834">ultrafine X-Y positioning accuracy</li><li data-section-id="1003zy" data-start="1835" data-end="1870">precise control of applied load</li><li data-section-id="q3r43w" data-start="1871" data-end="1916">accurate depth measurement during testing</li></ul>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Más información <a href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/">nanoindentation and scratch testing lab services for coating adhesion and failure analysis</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="267" data-end="454">Nano scratch testing is performed using the <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">Comprobador mecánico NANOVEA PB1000</a>, in Nano Scratch Mode, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal mesh of stent samples.</p><p data-start="460" data-end="648">Controlled scratch measurements are carried out on stent geometries with dimensions comparable to a human hair, enabling precise evaluation of coating adhesion on complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">PB1000 Advanced</span></p><p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">Comprobador mecánico</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanoindenter-scratch-tester-platform-nanovea-pb1000.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25767" alt="Plataforma de nanoindentación y ensayo de rayado NANOVEA PB1000 con módulos de nanoindentación y microindentación." />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Condiciones de prueba</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The stent is fixed on the sample stage, with a support wire inserted inside the stent tube to ensure stability during nano scratch testing. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester is used to perform nano scratch measurements using the parameters summarized in Table 1, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Load type</td><td>Progresiva</td></tr><tr><td>Initial load</td><td>0.05 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Final load</td><td>300 and 100 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding speed</td><td>0.5 mm/min</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding distance</td><td>0.5 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter geometry</td><td>Cónica</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter material (tip)</td><td>Diamante</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter tip radius</td><td>20 µm</td></tr><tr><td>Temperatura</td><td>24°C (room)</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Cuadro 1: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on regular stent samples</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1073" data-end="1296">The SEM image in Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of the stent sample. The stent features a groove with a depth of approximately 30 µm. The polymer coating, with a thickness of 10.8 µm, is located at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="1298" data-end="1497">Standard 60° conical diamond tips are not sharp enough to reach the bottom of the groove without contacting the sidewalls. Therefore, a sharper 40° conical diamond tip is used in this study (Fig. 2).</p><p data-start="1499" data-end="1582">Nano scratch measurements are performed using the parameters summarized in Table 2.</p>								</div>
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<table class="measurement-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
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<td>Load type</td>
<td>Progresiva</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial load</td>
<td>0.1 mN</td>
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<tr>
<td>Final load</td>
<td>300 mN</td>
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<td>Loading rate</td>
<td>300 mN/min</td>
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<td>Scratch length</td>
<td>0.25 mm</td>
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<td>Scratch speed</td>
<td>0.25 mm/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indenter geometry</td>
<td>40° cone</td>
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<td>Indenter material (tip)</td>
<td>Diamante</td>
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<tr>
<td>Indenter tip radius</td>
<td>5 µm</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Table 2: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on grooved stent samples</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="932" height="1042" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-cross-section-sem-adhesion-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26288" alt="stent groove cross section polymer coating thickness adhesion analysis nano scratch testing" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 1: </span>SEM cross-section of a grooved stent showing polymer coating located at the bottom of the groove, highlighting the challenge of coating adhesion measurement in recessed geometries.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-diamond-tip-40-degree-stent-groove-testing.svg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26289" alt="nano scratch diamond tip 40 degree stent groove coating adhesion testing schematic" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 2: </span>Schematic of a 40° conical diamond tip designed for nano scratch testing inside stent grooves, enabling accurate adhesion measurement without sidewall interference.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resultados y debate</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 100 μm, comparable to a human hair. Precise positioning is therefore critical to ensure the scratch test is performed at the center of the stent mesh. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester provides X–Y positioning accuracy down to 0.25 μm, enabling accurate test placement under the integrated optical microscope.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="641" data-end="857">Nano scratch testing is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch track on the stent is shown in Fig. 3a, while failure behavior at different stages is presented in Fig. 3b and 3c.</p><p data-start="859" data-end="893">Two critical loads are identified:</p><ul data-start="894" data-end="1061"><li data-section-id="14iz9qw" data-start="894" data-end="972">Lc1: the load at which the first visible damage appears on the coating</li><li data-section-id="1mmzt6b" data-start="973" data-end="1061">Lc2: the load at which the coating is fully removed and the substrate is exposed</li></ul><p data-start="1063" data-end="1226">The evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth is shown in Fig. 4, providing insight into the progression of coating failure during the test.</p><p data-start="1228" data-end="1499">The first signs of coating damage appear at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN. As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a wider and deeper scratch track. During this phase, the COF increases from approximately 0.05 to 0.7.</p><p data-start="1501" data-end="1756">At Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN, the coating is fully delaminated from the metal substrate. Beyond this point, as the load continues to increase, both COF and penetration depth remain relatively stable due to the mechanical support of the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="404" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-nano-scratch-track-full-progressive-load.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26293" alt="nano scratch track stent coating progressive load adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Full Scratch Track</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-initial-failure-lc1-nano-scratch-14-5mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26294" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) <strong data-start="599" data-end="616">Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-delamination-lc2-nano-scratch-78-1mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26295" alt="stent coating delamination lc2 nano scratch 78.1 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) <strong data-start="625" data-end="642">Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 3: </span>Nano scratch track on a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing (a) full scratch path, (b) initial coating failure at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN, and (c) complete coating delamination at Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9cfe8c elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c9cfe8c" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1751" height="725" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-stent-coating-failure-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26296" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating coefficient of friction depth progression adhesion failure" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 4: </span>Evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth during nano scratch testing of a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing the progression of coating failure and transition to substrate support.</p>								</div>
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									<p data-start="246" data-end="537">Failures during nano scratch testing up to a maximum load of 300 mN occur at critical loads below 100 mN. To enable a more quantitative comparison of coating performance, additional tests are performed with a maximum load of 100 mN on two stent samples, referred to as Sample 1 and Sample 2.</p><p data-start="539" data-end="794">Fig. 5 compares the scratch tracks of Sample 1 and Sample 2 after nano scratch testing. Sample 1 exhibits the first sign of coating damage at a critical load of Lc1 ≈ 13.2 mN, while Sample 2 shows initial failure at a higher load of Lc1 ≈ 21.1 mN.</p><p data-start="796" data-end="1002">Coating delamination occurs at 62.5 mN for Sample 1. In contrast, the coating on Sample 2 remains intact throughout the test, continuing to protect the metal substrate under the same loading conditions.</p><p data-start="1004" data-end="1350">This behavior is further reflected in the evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth, as shown in Fig. 6. When the diamond tip penetrates through the coating and contacts the metal substrate in Sample 1, the COF reaches a peak while the penetration depth decreases due to the increased stiffness of the underlying substrate.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample1-early-failure-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26297" alt="stent coating sample 1 early failure nano scratch track delamination adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 1 – Early Coating Failure</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample2-high-adhesion-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26298" alt="stent coating sample 2 high adhesion nano scratch track minimal damage testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) Sample 2 – Improved Coating Integrity</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 5: </span>Comparison of nano scratch tracks for two stent coatings, showing (a) early coating failure and delamination in Sample 1, and (b) improved coating integrity in Sample 2 under the same loading conditions.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="913" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-comparison-stent-coating-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26299" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating COF depth comparison sample 1 sample 2 adhesion performance" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 6: </span>Comparison of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth for Sample 1 and Sample 2 during nano scratch testing, showing earlier substrate contact and higher friction response in Sample 1, indicating weaker coating adhesion.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f64c74c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f64c74c" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="279" data-end="601">As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the grooved stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 90 μm, comparable to a human hair. The groove has a width of ~50 μm and a depth of 30 μm. This geometry presents a significant challenge for nano scratch testing, particularly for evaluating coating adhesion at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="603" data-end="847">Precise positioning is critical to locate the scratch test within the groove. The nano scratch test is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch tracks of grooved stent Samples 3 and 4 are compared in Fig. 7.</p><p data-start="849" data-end="1108">The critical load Lc is defined as the load at which the coating fails and the substrate becomes exposed. The evolution of normal load and penetration depth, shown in Fig. 8, provides further insight into the progression of coating failure during testing.</p><p data-start="1110" data-end="1331">As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a deeper scratch track. When the critical load Lc is reached, the coating delaminates from the metal substrate.</p><p data-start="1333" data-end="1516">Sample 3 exhibits coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN, while Sample 4 fails at a higher load of Lc ≈ 173 mN. This difference indicates stronger adhesion of the coating in Sample 4.</p><p data-start="1518" data-end="1773">The measured critical loads enable quantitative comparison of coating adhesion performance. Under the same testing conditions, the coating on Sample 4 demonstrates higher resistance to delamination, making it the better-performing candidate in this study.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-failure-sample3-nano-scratch-126mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26300" alt="stent groove coating failure sample 3 nano scratch 126 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) Sample 3 – Coating Failure in Groove (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-high-adhesion-sample4-nano-scratch-173mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26301" alt="stent groove coating adhesion sample 4 nano scratch 173 mN minimal failure testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(d) Sample 4 – Higher Adhesion in Groove (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 7: </span>Nano scratch tracks inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing (c) coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN in Sample 3 and (d) higher adhesion with delayed failure at Lc ≈ 173 mN in Sample 4.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample3-grooved-stent-failure.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26302" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 3 – Earlier Coating Failure (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample4-grooved-stent-high-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26303" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="319" data-end="387">(b) Sample 4 – Delayed Failure and Higher Adhesion (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 8: </span>Evolution of normal load and penetration depth during nano scratch testing inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing earlier coating failure in Sample 3 and delayed failure at higher load in Sample 4. The vertical green line indicates the critical load (Lc) where coating delamination occurs.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-683f81e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="683f81e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusión</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="245" data-end="468">This study demonstrates the ability of the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester to quantitatively evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of polymer coatings on both regular and grooved stent geometries using nano scratch testing.</p><p data-start="470" data-end="825">The recessed geometry of the stent grooves, approximately 50 μm wide and 30 μm deep, presents a significant challenge for coating adhesion measurement. The high X–Y positioning accuracy of 0.25 μm enables precise placement of the scratch test within these confined regions, allowing direct evaluation of coating performance where failure is most critical.</p><p data-start="827" data-end="1124">By applying a controlled, progressively increasing load, critical loads associated with coating failure can be identified and compared across samples. This approach enables reliable differentiation of coating adhesion performance and interfacial integrity, even on small, complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referencias</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[I] http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stents</em><br /><em>[II] http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402006000300008 </em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is stent coating adhesion testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Stent coating adhesion testing evaluates how strongly a polymer coating is bonded to the metal substrate of a stent. Techniques such as nano scratch testing quantify the load at which coating damage and delamination occur, providing measurable indicators of adhesion strength.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is critical load (Lc) in nano scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="658" data-end="746">Critical load (Lc) is the applied load at which a coating fails during a scratch test.</p><ul data-start="747" data-end="890"><li data-section-id="bhdxv4" data-start="747" data-end="813">Lc1 corresponds to the first visible damage in the coating</li><li data-section-id="4photk" data-start="814" data-end="890">Lc2 indicates complete coating removal and exposure of the substrate</li></ul><p data-start="892" data-end="967">These values are used to quantify and compare coating adhesion performance.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is coating adhesion important in drug-eluting stents?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Coating adhesion directly affects the reliability of drug-eluting stents. Poor adhesion can lead to coating delamination, which may compromise controlled drug release and increase the risk of device failure.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How do you measure coating adhesion inside stent grooves?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Measuring adhesion inside stent grooves requires high positioning accuracy and appropriate indenter geometry. Nano scratch testing with sharp diamond tips allows access to recessed coating regions, enabling direct evaluation of adhesion within complex stent geometries.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d372dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3d372dd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does coefficient of friction (COF) indicate in scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">The coefficient of friction (COF) reflects changes in surface interaction during the scratch test. A sudden increase in COF often indicates coating failure and contact between the indenter and the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How can nano scratch testing compare different coating formulations?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Nano scratch testing enables direct comparison of coatings by measuring critical loads under controlled conditions. Higher critical loads indicate stronger adhesion and improved resistance to delamination, allowing selection of better-performing coating systems.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 21:02:01 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26196</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Dental Surface Characterization Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry Request Surface Analysis Ask an Expert Live Prepared by Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA Introduction The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="26196" class="elementor elementor-26196" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>Application Note | Dental Surface Characterization</p>								</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26092" alt="Dental surface roughness measurement and 3D molar reconstruction using optical profilometry" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA</p>				</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introducción</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at the nanometer scale, enables advanced research and applications in orthodontics and dental materials science. Non-contact optical profilometry provides a precise method for measuring dental surface roughness and analyzing tooth surface morphology without damaging delicate structures. These measurements support the development of composite dental materials that replicate the natural surface roughness of enamel, as well as the design and fabrication of patient-specific dental casts and restorative components.</p><p data-start="1460" data-end="1982">Low surface roughness plays a primary role in limiting bacterial adhesion and plaque formation, thereby reducing the risk of cavities. An increase in average roughness (Ra) above 2 µm leads to a steep increase in biofilm formation in vivo.¹ An Ra of 0.2 µm is considered the threshold value below which no further reduction in bacterial adhesion can be expected.²</p><p data-start="1984" data-end="2182">Reconstruction of the tooth’s 3D surface topography enables the fabrication of dental casts, which are essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and the fabrication of dental appliances.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Non-Contact Optical Profilometry for Dental Surface Analysis</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="232" data-end="713">The present study illustrates the potential of NANOVEA’s high-precision non-contact optical profilometers for dental surface roughness measurement and 3D tooth topography analysis. Chromatic Light technology offers significant advantages over classical touch probe techniques. It acquires data points from deep crevices and complex geometries without introducing measurement errors or artifacts caused by local plastic deformation and without requiring extensive data manipulation.</p><p data-start="715" data-end="1135">Compared to focus variation systems, single-point optical sensing provides superior lateral and height accuracy, with X/Y resolution below 0.5 µm, maximum vertical resolution of 1.9 nm, and the ability to measure surface angles up to 87°. The technique is effective on transparent, opaque, specular, diffusive, polished, and rough dental surfaces, making it well suited for comprehensive dental surface characterization.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Más información <a href="https://nanovea.com/surface-profiling-lab-services/">non-contact optical profilometry and surface roughness measurement services</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="313" data-end="697">En esta aplicación, el <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/jr25/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler</a> was used to analyze the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar previously affected by tooth decay. The side of the tooth was scanned using a PS2–MG140 single-point optical sensor to measure surface roughness parameters over a defined region of interest and along multiple line profiles.</p><p data-start="699" data-end="888">The crown of the tooth was then scanned and reconstructed using a PS5–MG35 single-point optical sensor, which is suited for larger-area acquisition and full 3D tooth topography measurement.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;"><br />NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">JR25 Portable</span><br />Perfilómetro óptico</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/jr25/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanovea-jr25-portable-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25699" alt="NANOVEA JR25 portable optical profilometer for non-contact surface measurement" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Measurement Using NANOVEA Optical Profilometer</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="914" data-end="1026">Surface roughness measurements were performed on the lateral side of the molar crown, followed by full 3D reconstruction of the crown surface. Separate single-point optical sensors were used to optimize measurement accuracy for both localized roughness analysis and large-area surface topography acquisition.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce29651 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="ce29651" data-element_type="section">
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									<p>PS2 – MG140</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/optical-profilometer-dental-surface-roughness-measurement.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26123" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Surface roughness analysis by area and parallel line profiles on the side of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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									<p>PS5 – MG35</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3d-tooth-topography-measurement-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26122" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Full 3D surface reconstruction of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Parámetros de medición</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The following measurement parameters were used for localized surface roughness analysis and full 3D surface reconstruction of the molar crown using NANOVEA single-point optical sensors.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Area)</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</th><th>Full 3D Reconstruction</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Optical Pen</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS5-MG35</td></tr><tr><td>Z-Range [µm]</td><td>300</td><td>300</td><td>10000</td></tr><tr><td>X-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>3.00</td><td>7.50</td></tr><tr><td>X-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>1.70</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>7.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>100.00</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Averaging (Avg)</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Measurement Type</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Mode</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Dual Frequency</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Rate [Hz]</td><td>200</td><td>200</td><td>100–400</td></tr><tr><td>Light Intensity [%]</td><td>100</td><td>100</td><td>100</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Optical Profilometry Results</h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Yellow Grip Sample</h3>				</div>
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					<h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis</h4>				</div>
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									<p>The image below shows a full 3D rendering of the yellow block’s surface.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1162" height="906" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-scanned-region-2d-height-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26127" alt="False-color 2D height map of scanned tooth surface region" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A least-squares degree-8 polynomial form removal was applied to isolate the surface roughness component. The roughness filters S-Gaussian 2.5 µm and L-Gaussian 0.8 mm were then applied according to ISO 25178. The resulting filtered surface and corresponding roughness parameters are presented below.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e80acb9 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e80acb9" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="950" height="748" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-iso-25178-filtered-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26133" alt="" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-roughness-table-wrapper"><table class="iso-roughness-table"><tbody><!-- Filter Settings --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">ISO 25178 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>F:</strong> [Workflow] Form removed (LS-poly 8)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><!-- Height Parameters Header --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">Height Parameters</td></tr><!-- Height Parameter Rows --><tr><td class="param-code">Sq</td><td>2.433</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura media cuadrática</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Ssk</td><td>-0.102</td><td> </td><td>Skewness</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Código</td><td>3.715</td><td> </td><td>Kurtosis</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sp</td><td>18.861</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura máxima del pico</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sv</td><td>16.553</td><td>µm</td><td>Maximum pit depth</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sz</td><td>35.414</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura máxima</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sa</td><td>1.888</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura media aritmética</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="117" data-end="216">The average surface roughness Sa is 1.888 µm, while the peak-to-valley height Sz reaches 35.414 µm.</p><p data-start="218" data-end="295">A 3D surface rendering of the filtered area is shown below for visualization.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="892" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-3d-render-iso-filtered.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26129" alt="3D rendering of ISO 25178 filtered tooth surface roughness" />															</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Surface roughness profiles were measured using a series of 11 parallel line scans along the X direction on the side of the tooth. The false-color 2D surface map of the raw scan is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-raw-scan-2d-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26143" alt="False-color 2D raw scan of tooth surface for line roughness profiles" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The surface form was removed using a least-squares 8-degree polynomial prior to applying the metrological filters, leaving the residual surface shown below.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-12d13ab elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="12d13ab" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-residual-after-form-removal.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26144" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A statistical analysis of the measured surface roughness profiles reveals the following line roughness parameters.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1670" height="606" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-profile-overlay-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26148" alt="Overlay of multiple tooth surface roughness profiles for statistical analysis" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Ninguno</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">5.683</td><td class="center">0.761</td><td class="center">4.315</td><td class="center">6.610</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">6.242</td><td class="center">1.009</td><td class="center">4.701</td><td class="center">8.438</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">11.925</td><td class="center">1.676</td><td class="center">9.123</td><td class="center">15.048</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.063</td><td class="center">0.297</td><td class="center">1.710</td><td class="center">2.629</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.523</td><td class="center">0.361</td><td class="center">2.057</td><td class="center">3.175</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Ninguno</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="184" data-end="276">The value of Ra is consistent with the Sa value extracted from the surface area measurement.</p><p data-start="278" data-end="659">Different metrological filters can be applied to distinguish between macroscopic waviness and microscopic surface roughness. For example, a coarser filter cut-off, such as the 8 mm cut-off used with the Robust Gaussian order-2 filter, produces a smoother waviness profile (red) that is less sensitive to sharp local variations and follows the original surface profile more loosely.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1855" height="800" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-waviness-vs-roughness-filter-comparison.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26158" alt="Comparison of waviness and roughness profiles on tooth surface using coarse filter" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Alternatively, a finer cut-off (e.g., 0.08 mm) enables the analysis of micro-roughness by removing the waviness component that follows the original profile at a larger scale, leaving the finer surface roughness features of the tooth visible.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1853" height="790" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-profile-filtering.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26159" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The microroughness analysis obtained using a 0.08 mm L-Gaussian filter is presented below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="431" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-final-profile.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26160" alt="Final microroughness profile of tooth surface after filtering" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Ninguno</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.08 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (37)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.582</td><td class="center">0.122</td><td class="center">1.342</td><td class="center">1.748</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.466</td><td class="center">0.119</td><td class="center">1.254</td><td class="center">1.661</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">3.049</td><td class="center">0.196</td><td class="center">2.820</td><td class="center">3.409</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.495</td><td class="center">0.047</td><td class="center">0.423</td><td class="center">0.597</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.643</td><td class="center">0.056</td><td class="center">0.562</td><td class="center">0.762</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Ninguno</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8288293 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="8288293" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Full 3D Tooth Surface Topography Reconstruction</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The extended Z-scan range of the PS5 optical sensor enables high-fidelity scanning of the entire tooth crown surface. The resulting 3D surface topography is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="469" height="348" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-crown-surface-topography-3d-optical-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26172" alt="False-color surface topography map of full tooth crown measured with optical profilometer" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">2D VIEW: </span>2D surface map of the tooth crown measured with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="930" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/molar-crown-3d-surface-reconstruction-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26173" alt="3D surface reconstruction of molar crown from optical profilometer scan" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">3D VIEW: </span>High-fidelity 3D rendering of the molar crown surface obtained with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusión</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="401" data-end="560">In this application, the NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler was used to measure the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar.</p><p data-start="562" data-end="922">Both the area scan and the line profile analysis revealed a roughness Rq of approximately 2.5 µm and an Ra of about 1.9–2.0 µm. These values are consistent with results reported in the literature.³ The use of a narrower L-Gaussian filter with an 80 µm cut-off enabled further investigation of micro-roughness, revealing an Rq of 0.643 µm and an Ra of 0.495 µm.</p><p data-start="924" data-end="1270">The full 3D surface topography of the molar crown was reconstructed with high fidelity. The high measurement resolution allows detection of fine surface features and crevices. The resulting surface data can be easily processed and exported as STL files, enabling the design and fabrication of customized dental devices and restorative components.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referencias</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[1] Shin, B.W., et al. Surface Roughness of Prefabricated Pediatric Zirconia Crowns Following Simulated Toothbrushing. Pediatric Dentistry 44.5 (2022): 363–367.</em><br /><em>[2] Bollen, C.M.L., Paul Lambrechts, and Marc Quirynen. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: A review of the literature. Dental Materials 13.4 (1997): 258–269.</em><br /><em>[3] Suputtamongkol, K., et al. Surface roughness resulting from wear of lithia-disilicate-based posterior crowns. Wear 269.3–4 (2010): 317–322.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Dental Surface Roughness Measurement</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is dental surface roughness measurement?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Dental surface roughness measurement quantifies the microscopic texture of tooth surfaces using parameters such as Ra, Rq, and Sa. Optical profilometers measure these features without contacting the surface, allowing accurate analysis of enamel, restorative materials, and dental crowns.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why use optical profilometry to measure tooth roughness?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Optical profilometry provides non-contact surface measurement with nanometer-scale vertical resolution. It captures 2D surface maps and full 3D surface topography of dental structures without damaging soft or polished surfaces.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What roughness parameters are used for dental surface analysis?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Common roughness parameters include Ra (arithmetic mean roughness), Rq (root mean square roughness), Sa (areal roughness), and Sz (maximum surface height). These parameters help evaluate enamel wear, plaque adhesion risk, and the performance of restorative materials.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is surface roughness important in dentistry?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Surface roughness affects plaque retention, wear resistance, and the long-term performance of dental restorations. Controlling micro-roughness can reduce bacterial adhesion and improve the durability of dental materials.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Need Reliable Surface Roughness Measurement for Dental Materials?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Pruebas de resistencia al rayado de los protectores de pantalla de los teléfonos</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-resistencia-a-los-rayones-de-protectores-de-pantalla-para-telefonos/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=scratch-resistance-testing-of-phone-screen-protectors</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 17:42:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Fracture Toughness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Scratch Testing | Cohesive Failure]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=25222</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors Prepared by Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza, and Pierre Leroux Understanding Scratch Resistance in Phone Screen Protectors Protective coatings on phone screens play a critical role in scratch resistance, adhesion strength, and long-term durability. Over time, scratches, micro-cracks, and coating delamination can reduce optical clarity and reliability — especially [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-resistencia-a-los-rayones-de-protectores-de-pantalla-para-telefonos/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pruebas de resistencia al rayado de los protectores de pantalla de los teléfonos</h1>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/cracked-phone-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25259" alt="" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza y Pierre Leroux</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Comprender la resistencia a los arañazos de los protectores de pantalla de los teléfonos</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="327" data-end="820">Los revestimientos protectores de las pantallas de los teléfonos desempeñan un papel fundamental en la resistencia a los arañazos, la fuerza de adherencia y la durabilidad a largo plazo. Con el tiempo, los arañazos, las microgrietas y la deslaminación del revestimiento pueden reducir la claridad óptica y la fiabilidad, especialmente en entornos de uso intensivo. Para evaluar la resistencia de los distintos protectores de pantalla a los daños mecánicos, los ensayos instrumentados de rayado proporcionan información cuantificable sobre los mecanismos de fallo del revestimiento, como la adherencia, la cohesión y el comportamiento de fractura.</p><p data-start="822" data-end="1136">En este estudio, <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">Comprobador mecánico NANOVEA PB1000</a> se utiliza para comparar protectores de pantalla de TPU frente a los de vidrio templado sometidos a una carga progresiva controlada. Mediante la detección precisa de emisiones acústicas, identificamos las cargas críticas de fallo y caracterizamos cómo responde cada material al aumento de la tensión mecánica.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Por qué son importantes las pruebas de resistencia a los arañazos para los protectores de pantalla</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">Muchos usuarios dan por sentado que los protectores más gruesos o duros tienen automáticamente un mejor rendimiento, pero la durabilidad real depende de cómo se comporte el material bajo carga progresiva, deformación de la superficie y tensión localizada. Los ensayos de rayado instrumentados permiten a los ingenieros medir la adherencia del revestimiento, la fuerza cohesiva, la resistencia al desgaste de la superficie y las cargas exactas a las que se inician o propagan los fallos.</p><p data-start="1622" data-end="1964">Mediante el análisis de los puntos de inicio de las grietas, el comportamiento de la delaminación y los modos de fallo, los fabricantes pueden validar el rendimiento de los protectores de pantalla para I+D, control de calidad o evaluación comparativa. Las pruebas de nanorrayaduras y microrrayaduras ofrecen información repetible y basada en datos sobre la durabilidad en el mundo real, mucho más allá de los índices de dureza tradicionales.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Más información <a class="decorated-link cursor-pointer" href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/" target="_new" rel="noopener" data-start="2047" data-end="2121">servicios de pruebas de rayado y adherencia para revestimientos y protectores de pantalla.</a></em></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6911f48 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6911f48" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Objetivo de la prueba de raspado: <br>Medición de las cargas de fallo en los protectores de pantalla</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1702" data-end="2144">El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar cómo el Probador Mecánico NANOVEA PB1000 realiza pruebas repetibles y estandarizadas de resistencia al rayado tanto en protectores de pantalla poliméricos como de vidrio. Al aumentar progresivamente la carga aplicada, el sistema detecta cargas críticas para el fallo cohesivo y adhesivo, captura señales de emisión acústica y correlaciona estos eventos con la profundidad del arañazo, la fuerza de fricción y la deformación de la superficie.</p><p data-start="2146" data-end="2656">Esta metodología proporciona un perfil mecánico completo de cada revestimiento protector, lo que permite a los fabricantes y a los equipos de I+D evaluar las fórmulas de los materiales, la fuerza de adhesión del revestimiento, la durabilidad de la superficie y el grosor óptimo del revestimiento para mejorar el rendimiento del producto. Estas evaluaciones de rayado forman parte de la gama más amplia de productos de NANOVEA. <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">soluciones de ensayos mecánicos</a> utilizado para caracterizar revestimientos, películas y sustratos en entornos de I+D, control de calidad y producción.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #1b96cf;">Gran plataforma PB1000</span><br />Comprobador mecánico</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="298" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/NANOVEA-Scratch-Tester-amd-Nanoindentation.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22859" alt="NANOVEA SCRATCH TESTER: PRUEBA DE DESGASTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Parámetros del ensayo de rayado y configuración del instrumento</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">La evaluación de la resistencia al rayado de los protectores de pantalla de TPU y vidrio templado se realizó en condiciones controladas para garantizar la repetibilidad y la detección precisa de la carga de fallo. Los siguientes parámetros definen la configuración de ensayo de rayado de carga progresiva utilizada en el NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester.</p>								</div>
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<td style="width: 50.0898%; padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;">TIPO DE CARGA</td>
<td style="width: 49.9102%; padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;">PROGRESIVO</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">CARGA INICIAL</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">0.1 N</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">CARGA FINAL</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">12 N</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">VELOCIDAD DE DESLIZAMIENTO</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3,025 mm/min</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">DISTANCIA DE DESLIZAMIENTO</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3 mm</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">GEOMETRÍA DEL PENETRADOR</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">ROCKWELL (CONO DE 120°)</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">MATERIAL DEL PENETRADOR (PUNTA)</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">DIAMANTE</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">RADIO DE LA PUNTA DEL PENETRADOR</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">50 µm</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">ATMÓSFERA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">AIRE</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">TEMPERATURA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">24 °C (TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE)</td>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> <span class="fontstyle0">Parámetros de ensayo utilizados para la prueba de rayado</span> <br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="658" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-mechanical-tester-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25228" alt="Muestra de protector de pantalla sometida a la prueba de rayado en el comprobador mecánico NANOVEA PB1000" />															</div>
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									<p>Muestra de protector de pantalla montada en el Comprobador Mecánico NANOVEA PB1000 durante la medición de arañazos con carga progresiva.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Muestras de protectores de pantalla utilizadas para las pruebas de resistencia al rayado</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="339" data-end="686">Se seleccionaron dos materiales protectores de pantalla disponibles en el mercado para comparar las diferencias en la resistencia a los arañazos, el comportamiento ante fallos y la durabilidad mecánica. Ambas muestras se montaron firmemente en el comprobador mecánico NANOVEA PB1000 y se evaluaron en condiciones idénticas de carga progresiva para garantizar una comparación coherente e imparcial.</p><p data-start="688" data-end="1108">El protector de pantalla de TPU representa una película polimérica flexible de gran elasticidad pero menor resistencia a la abrasión, mientras que el protector de vidrio templado representa un material rígido y quebradizo diseñado para una gran dureza y una mayor protección contra impactos. Probar ambos materiales bajo el mismo perfil de carga permite evaluar claramente cómo influyen la composición, elasticidad y dureza del material en los modos de fallo por arañazos.</p>								</div>
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									<p>Protector de pantalla TPU</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tpu-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25234" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Cristal templado</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tempered-glass-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25233" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Protectores de pantalla de TPU y vidrio templado preparados para las pruebas de resistencia a arañazos.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resultados de las pruebas de arañazos: Modos de fallo en protectores de pantalla de TPU frente a los de vidrio templado</h2>				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 75%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">TIPO DE PROTECTOR DE PANTALLA</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #1 (N)</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">TPU</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">n/a</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">2.004 ± 0.063</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">VIDRIO TEMPLADO</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.608 ± 0.281</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">7.44 ± 0.995</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a483c12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a483c12" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Resumen de las cargas críticas para cada muestra de protector de pantalla.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1be118e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1be118e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Dado que los protectores de pantalla de TPU y vidrio templado tienen propiedades mecánicas fundamentalmente diferentes, cada muestra mostró modos de fallo y umbrales de carga crítica distintos durante las pruebas de rayado con carga progresiva. La tabla 2 resume las cargas críticas medidas para cada material.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">La carga crítica #1 representa el primer punto observable de fallo cohesivo bajo microscopía óptica, como el inicio de la grieta o la fractura radial.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">La carga crítica #2 corresponde al primer evento importante detectado a través de la monitorización de emisiones acústicas (EA), que suele representar un fallo estructural mayor o un evento de penetración.</p><h3 data-start="1188" data-end="1246"><strong data-start="1192" data-end="1244">Protector de pantalla TPU - Comportamiento de polímero flexible</strong></h3><p data-start="1247" data-end="1487">El protector de pantalla de TPU sólo presentó un evento crítico significativo (Carga crítica #2). Esta carga corresponde al punto a lo largo de la pista de arañazos donde la película comenzó a levantarse, pelarse o desprenderse de la superficie de la pantalla del teléfono.</p><p data-start="1489" data-end="1789">Una vez superada la carga crítica #2 (≈2,00 N), el penetrador penetró lo suficiente como para causar un arañazo visible directamente en la pantalla del teléfono durante el resto de la prueba. No se detectó ningún evento de Carga Crítica #1 por separado, en consonancia con la alta elasticidad del material y su menor resistencia cohesiva.</p><h3 data-start="1796" data-end="1864"><strong data-start="1800" data-end="1862">Protector de pantalla de vidrio templado - Comportamiento ante fallos por fragilidad</strong></h3><p data-start="1865" data-end="1977">El protector de pantalla de vidrio templado mostró dos cargas críticas distintas, características de los materiales frágiles:</p><ul data-start="1979" data-end="2284"><li data-start="1979" data-end="2142"><p data-start="1981" data-end="2142">Carga crítica #1 (≈3,61 N): Se observaron fracturas radiales e inicio de grietas al microscopio, lo que indica un fallo cohesivo temprano de la capa de vidrio.</p></li><li data-start="2143" data-end="2284"><p data-start="2145" data-end="2284">Carga crítica #2 (≈7,44 N): Un gran pico de EA y un fuerte aumento de la profundidad del rayado indicaron la penetración del protector con cargas más altas.</p></li></ul><p data-start="2286" data-end="2495">Aunque la magnitud del EA fue superior a la del TPU, no se produjeron daños en la pantalla del teléfono, lo que demuestra la capacidad del protector de vidrio templado para absorber y distribuir la carga antes de que se produzca un fallo catastrófico.</p><p data-start="2497" data-end="2665">En ambos materiales, la Carga Crítica #2 correspondió al momento en que el indentador atravesó el protector de pantalla, confirmando el límite de protección de cada muestra.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b58c652 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b58c652" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Protector de pantalla TPU: Datos de la prueba de arañazos y análisis de fallos</h3>				</div>
				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 50%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">ROZADURA</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.033</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.047</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1.931</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">MEDIA</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.003</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">DESVIACIÓN TÍPICA</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.052</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7253696 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7253696" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Cargas críticas medidas durante las pruebas de rayado del protector de pantalla de TPU.</span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-88392d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="88392d4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25239" alt="Gráfico que muestra la fricción, la fuerza normal, las emisiones acústicas y la profundidad frente a la longitud del arañazo para el protector de pantalla TPU probado en el probador mecánico NANOVEA." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Fuerza de fricción, carga normal, emisión acústica (EA) y profundidad del arañazo frente a la longitud del arañazo para el protector de pantalla de TPU. <span class="fontstyle0">(B) Carga crítica #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-2-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25240" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagen de microscopía óptica del protector de pantalla TPU en Critical Load #2 (aumento 5×; ancho de imagen 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="256" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-full-length-image.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25241" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagen completa del protector de pantalla de TPU después del rayado que muestra la huella completa del rayado tras la prueba de carga progresiva.</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"><br /></span></p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Protector de pantalla de vidrio templado: Datos de carga crítica y comportamiento de fractura</h3>				</div>
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<tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">
<td style="padding: 8px;">ROZADURA</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #1 (N)</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.923</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">7.366</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.382</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.483</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.519</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">8.468</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">MEDIA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.653</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.925</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">DESVIACIÓN TÍPICA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.383</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.624</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">CUADRO 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Cargas críticas medidas durante las pruebas de rayado del protector de pantalla de vidrio templado.</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Para la comparación con revestimientos de polímeros no silicatados, véase nuestro estudio sobre <a href="https://nanovea.com/ptfe-coating-wear-test/">Pruebas de desgaste del revestimiento de PTFE</a>que pone de relieve el comportamiento de fallo en películas poliméricas de baja fricción en condiciones similares de carga progresiva.</em></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25242" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Fuerza de fricción, carga normal, emisión acústica (EA) y profundidad del arañazo frente a la longitud del arañazo para el protector de pantalla de vidrio templado. <span class="fontstyle0">(A) Carga crítica #1 (B) Carga crítica #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a66761a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="a66761a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="380" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25243" alt="Imágenes de microscopía óptica que muestran las ubicaciones de fallo de Carga Crítica #1 y Carga Crítica #2 en el protector de pantalla de vidrio templado durante la prueba de rayado con un aumento de 5x utilizando el probador mecánico NANOVEA." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 6:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imágenes de microscopía óptica que muestran los puntos de fallo de la carga crítica #1 (izquierda) y de la carga crítica #2 (derecha) con un aumento de 5× (ancho de imagen: 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="252" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25244" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 7:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagen de microscopía óptica posterior a la prueba de la pista de rayado de vidrio templado, destacando el inicio de la fractura (CL#1) y la zona de penetración final (CL#2) tras la prueba de carga progresiva.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-683f81e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="683f81e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusión: Comparación del rendimiento frente a arañazos de los protectores de pantalla de TPU frente a los de vidrio templado</h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d15e83 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1d15e83" data-element_type="section">
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843">Este estudio demuestra cómo el comprobador mecánico NANOVEA PB1000 proporciona mediciones de resistencia al rayado controladas, repetibles y altamente sensibles mediante carga progresiva y detección de emisiones acústicas (AE). Al capturar con precisión los eventos de fallo cohesivo y adhesivo, el sistema permite una comparación clara de cómo se comportan los protectores de pantalla de TPU y vidrio templado bajo una creciente tensión mecánica.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Los resultados experimentales confirman que el vidrio templado presenta cargas críticas significativamente superiores a las del TPU, proporcionando una mayor resistencia al rayado, un retraso en el inicio de la fractura y una protección fiable contra la penetración del penetrador. La menor resistencia cohesiva del TPU y su deslaminación más temprana ponen de manifiesto sus limitaciones en entornos de alta tensión.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Después de identificar las cargas de fallo, las huellas de arañazos resultantes también pueden analizarse utilizando un <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">perfilómetro óptico 3D sin contacto</a> para medir la profundidad del surco, la deformación residual y la topografía posterior al rayado. Esto ayuda a completar el perfil mecánico de cada material.</p><p data-start="1190" data-end="1564">El comprobador mecánico NANOVEA está diseñado para realizar ensayos precisos y repetibles de indentación, rayado y desgaste, y admite nano y micromódulos conformes con las normas ISO y ASTM. Su versatilidad lo convierte en la solución ideal para evaluar el perfil mecánico completo de películas finas, revestimientos, polímeros, vidrios y sustratos en I+D, producción y control de calidad.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preguntas frecuentes <br> Acerca de los ensayos de resistencia al rayado</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">¿Qué es la prueba de resistencia al rayado?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">El ensayo de resistencia al rayado evalúa cómo responde un material o revestimiento cuando un estilete de diamante aplica una carga progresivamente creciente. El ensayo identifica las cargas críticas en las que se producen fallos cohesivos o adhesivos, proporcionando una medida cuantificable de la durabilidad, la fuerza de adhesión y la resistencia a los daños superficiales.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">¿Cuál es la diferencia entre fallo cohesivo y fallo adhesivo?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Se produce un fallo de cohesión <em data-start="840" data-end="848">en</em> el revestimiento o el material, como agrietamiento, desgarro o fractura interna.<br data-start="921" data-end="924" />El fallo del adhesivo se produce cuando el revestimiento se desprende del sustrato, lo que indica una fuerza de adhesión insuficiente.</p><p data-start="168" data-end="494">El NANOVEA PB1000 detecta ambos utilizando la monitorización sincronizada de las emisiones acústicas, el seguimiento de la profundidad del arañazo y el análisis de la fricción.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">¿Por qué utilizar un comprobador mecánico en lugar de métodos manuales?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Un comprobador mecánico como el NANOVEA PB1000 proporciona mediciones precisas, repetibles y estandarizadas, garantizando datos fiables para I+D, validación de la producción y control de calidad. También ofrece funciones avanzadas, como la detección de emisiones acústicas y la supervisión de la profundidad en tiempo real, que los métodos manuales no pueden ofrecer.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-resistencia-a-los-rayones-de-protectores-de-pantalla-para-telefonos/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Pruebas de abrasividad de rocas con el tribómetro NANOVEA</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-abrasividad-de-rocas/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=rock-abrasivity-testing</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-abrasividad-de-rocas/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nanovea]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Sep 2023 17:07:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rotational Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=23217</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>ROCK TRIBOLOGY:ROCK ABRASIVITY TESTING USING NANOVEA TRIBOMETER Prepared by DUANJIE LI, PhD INTRODUCTION Rocks are composed of grains of minerals. The type and abundance of these minerals, as well as the chemical bonding strength between the mineral grains, determine the mechanical and tribological properties of the rocks. Depending on the geological rock cycles, rocks can [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-abrasividad-de-rocas/">Rock Abrasivity Testing with NANOVEA Tribometer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="23217" class="elementor elementor-23217" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<h1 style="text-align: center; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 80px; color: #1b96cf; display: block;">TRIBOLOGÍA DE ROCAS:</span><span style="font-size: 32px; color: #000;">PRUEBAS DE ABRASIVIDAD DE LAS ROCAS CON EL TRIBÓMETRO NANOVEA</span></h1>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/rock-tribology-NANOVEA.jpg" title="" alt="TRIBOLOGÍA DE ROCAS: Pruebas de abrasividad de rocas con el tribómetro NANOVEA" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DUANJIE LI, Doctor</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUCCIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									Las rocas están compuestas por granos de minerales. El tipo y la abundancia de estos minerales, así como la fuerza de enlace químico entre los granos minerales, determinan las propiedades mecánicas y tribológicas de las rocas. En función de los ciclos geológicos de las rocas, éstas pueden sufrir transformaciones y suelen clasificarse en tres grandes tipos: ígneas, sedimentarias y metamórficas. Estas rocas presentan diferentes composiciones minerales y químicas, permeabilidades y tamaños de partículas, y tales características contribuyen a su variada resistencia al desgaste. La tribología de rocas explora los comportamientos de desgaste y fricción de las rocas en diversas condiciones geológicas y ambientales.								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTANCIA DE LAS PRUEBAS DE ABRASIVIDAD DE LAS ROCAS</h3>				</div>
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									<p>Durante el proceso de perforación de pozos se producen diversos tipos de desgaste contra las rocas, como la abrasión y la fricción, que provocan importantes pérdidas directas y consecuentes atribuidas a la reparación y sustitución de brocas y herramientas de corte. Por lo tanto, el estudio de la perforabilidad, la perforabilidad, la cortabilidad y la abrasividad de las rocas es fundamental en las industrias del petróleo, el gas y la minería. La investigación de la tribología de las rocas desempeña un papel fundamental en la selección de las estrategias de perforación más eficaces y rentables, mejorando así la eficiencia global y contribuyendo a la conservación de los materiales, la energía y el medio ambiente. Además, minimizar la fricción superficial es muy ventajoso para reducir la interacción entre la broca de perforación y la roca, lo que se traduce en un menor desgaste de la herramienta y una mayor eficacia de perforación/corte.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DE MEDICIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>En este estudio, simulamos y comparamos las propiedades tribológicas de dos tipos de rocas para mostrar la capacidad de la <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50/">Tribómetro NANOVEA T50</a> en la medición del coeficiente de fricción y la tasa de desgaste de las rocas de forma controlada y monitorizada.</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="434" height="432" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/NANOVEA-T50-Tribometer-for-Wear-Test.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22861" alt="TRIBÓMETRO NANOVEA: Pruebas de abrasividad de piedra caliza y mármol" />								</a>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/marble-and-limestone-wear-and-friction.jpg" title="" alt="pruebas de desgaste y fricción en mármol y piedra caliza - tribología de la roca" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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									<p>El coeficiente de fricción, COF, y la resistencia al desgaste de dos muestras de roca se evaluaron con el tribómetro NANOVEA T50 utilizando el módulo de desgaste Pin-on-Disc. Se utilizó una bola de Al2O3 (6 mm de diámetro) como contramaterial. La huella de desgaste se examinó utilizando el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA después de las pruebas. Los parámetros de la prueba se resumen a continuación.</p><p>La tasa de desgaste, K, se evaluó mediante la fórmula K=V/(F×s)=A/(F×n), donde V es el volumen desgastado, F es la carga normal, s es la distancia de deslizamiento, A es el área transversal de la pista de desgaste y n es el número de revoluciones. La rugosidad de la superficie y los perfiles de la pista de desgaste se evaluaron con el perfilómetro óptico NANOVEA, y la morfología de la pista de desgaste se examinó con un microscopio óptico.</p><p>Tenga en cuenta que en este estudio se ha utilizado como ejemplo la bola de Al2O3 como contramaterial. Se puede aplicar cualquier material sólido con diferentes formas utilizando un accesorio personalizado para simular la situación de aplicación real.</p>								</div>
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<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">MUESTRAS</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Piedra caliza, mármol</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">RADIO DEL ANILLO DE DESGASTE </strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>5 mm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">FUERZA NORMAL</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>10 N</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DURACIÓN DE LA PRUEBA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>10 minutos</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">VELOCIDAD</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>100 rpm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aef3573 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="aef3573" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS Y DEBATE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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									<p>La dureza (H) y el módulo elástico (E) de las muestras de caliza y mármol se comparan en la FIGURA 1, utilizando el módulo de microindentación del NANOVEA Mechanical Tester. La muestra de caliza presentó valores más bajos de H y E, midiendo 0,53 y 25,9 GPa, respectivamente, en contraste con el mármol, que registró valores de 1,07 para H y 49,6 GPa para E. La variabilidad relativamente mayor en los valores de H y E observados en la muestra de caliza puede atribuirse a su mayor inhomogeneidad superficial, derivada de sus características granuladas y porosas.</p><p>La FIGURA 2 muestra la evolución del COF durante las pruebas de desgaste de las dos muestras de roca. La caliza experimenta inicialmente un rápido aumento del COF hasta aproximadamente 0,8 al comienzo del ensayo de desgaste, manteniéndose este valor durante toda la duración del ensayo. Este cambio abrupto en el COF puede atribuirse a la penetración de la bola de Al2O3 en la muestra de roca, resultante de un rápido proceso de desgaste y rugosidad que se produce en la cara de contacto dentro de la pista de desgaste. Por el contrario, la muestra de mármol muestra un notable aumento del COF hasta valores más altos después de aproximadamente 5 metros de distancia de deslizamiento, lo que significa que su resistencia al desgaste es superior a la de la caliza.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/rock-hardness-test-NANOVEA.jpg" title="" alt="Prueba de dureza de la roca" loading="lazy" />															</div>
				</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Comparación de la dureza y el módulo de Young entre muestras de piedra caliza y mármol.</span></p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Coefficient-of-Friction-Marble-and-Limestone.jpg" title="" alt="Evolución del coeficiente de fricción (COF) en muestras de caliza y mármol durante las pruebas de desgaste" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Evolución del coeficiente de fricción (COF)
en muestras de caliza y mármol durante las pruebas de desgaste.</span></p>								</div>
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									En la FIGURA 3 se comparan los perfiles transversales de las muestras de caliza y mármol tras las pruebas de desgaste, y en la Tabla 1 se resumen los resultados del análisis de las huellas de desgaste. La FIGURA 4 muestra las huellas de desgaste de las muestras al microscopio óptico. La evaluación de las huellas de desgaste coincide con la observación de la evolución del COF: La muestra de mármol, que mantiene un COF bajo durante un período más largo, presenta una tasa de desgaste inferior de 0,0046 mm³/N m, en comparación con 0,0353 mm³/N m para la caliza. Las propiedades mecánicas superiores del mármol contribuyen a su mejor resistencia al desgaste que la caliza.								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/rock-wear-tester.jpg" title="" alt="PRUEBAS DE ABRASIVIDAD DE LAS ROCAS CON EL TRIBÓMETRO NANOVEA" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Perfiles transversales de las pistas de desgaste.</span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1077" height="200" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/rock-tribology-testing-using-NANOVEA-Tribometer.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-24670" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Resumen de resultados del análisis de la pista de desgaste.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a1688e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="a1688e7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="876" height="419" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/limestone-and-marble-tribometer-testing.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-24671" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Huellas de desgaste al microscopio óptico.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6167248 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6167248" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>En este estudio, mostramos la capacidad del tribómetro NANOVEA para evaluar el coeficiente de fricción y la resistencia al desgaste de dos muestras de roca, a saber, mármol y piedra caliza, de forma controlada y monitorizada. Las propiedades mecánicas superiores del mármol contribuyen a su excepcional resistencia al desgaste. Esta propiedad dificulta su perforación o corte en la industria del petróleo y el gas. Por el contrario, prolonga considerablemente su vida útil cuando se utiliza como material de construcción de alta calidad, como las baldosas.</p><p>Los tribómetros NANOVEA ofrecen capacidades de ensayo de desgaste y fricción precisas y repetibles, de conformidad con las normas ISO y ASTM, tanto en modo rotativo como lineal. Además, proporciona módulos opcionales para desgaste a alta temperatura, lubricación y tribocorrosión, todos perfectamente integrados en un sistema. La incomparable gama de NANOVEA es una solución ideal para determinar toda la gama de propiedades tribológicas de recubrimientos finos o gruesos, blandos o duros, películas, sustratos y tribología de rocas.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/prueba-de-abrasividad-de-rocas/">Rock Abrasivity Testing with NANOVEA Tribometer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Análisis de superficies granalladas</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/analisis-de-superficie-granallado/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=shot-peened-surface-analysis</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/es/analisis-de-superficie-granallado/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nanovea]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Aug 2023 14:19:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=23106</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>SHOT PEENED SURFACE ANALYSIS USING 3D NON-CONTACT PROFILOMETER Prepared by CRAIG LEISING INTRODUCTION Shot peening is a process in which a substrate is bombarded with spherical metal, glass, or ceramic beads—commonly referred to as &#8220;shot&#8221;—at a force intended to induce plasticity on the surface. Analyzing the characteristics before and after peening provides crucial insights for [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/analisis-de-superficie-granallado/">Shot Peened Surface Analysis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="23106" class="elementor elementor-23106" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ANÁLISIS DE SUPERFICIES GRANALLADAS</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">UTILIZANDO UN PERFILÓMETRO 3D SIN CONTACTO</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="225" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peening-Surface-Measurement.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23115" alt="" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CRAIG LEISING</p>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a4074c1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a4074c1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUCCIÓN</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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									<p>El shot peening es un proceso en el que un sustrato se bombardea con perlas esféricas de metal, vidrio o cerámica -comúnmente denominadas "granalla"- a una fuerza destinada a inducir plasticidad en la superficie. El análisis de las características antes y después del granallado proporciona información crucial para mejorar la comprensión y el control del proceso. La rugosidad de la superficie y el área de cobertura de los hoyuelos dejados por la granalla son aspectos de especial interés.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Importancia del perfilómetro 3D sin contacto para el análisis de superficies de granallado</h3>				</div>
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									<p>A diferencia de los perfilómetros de contacto tradicionales, que se han utilizado tradicionalmente para el análisis de superficies granalladas, la medición 3D sin contacto proporciona una imagen 3D completa para ofrecer una comprensión más exhaustiva del área de cobertura y la topografía de la superficie. Sin capacidades 3D, una inspección se basará únicamente en información 2D, que es insuficiente para caracterizar una superficie. Comprender la topografía, el área de cobertura y la rugosidad en 3D es el mejor enfoque para controlar o mejorar el proceso de peening. NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfilómetros 3D sin contacto</a> utilizan la tecnología de luz cromática con una capacidad única para medir ángulos pronunciados que se encuentran en superficies mecanizadas y granalladas. Además, cuando otras técnicas no proporcionan datos fiables debido al contacto de la sonda, la variación de la superficie, el ángulo o la reflectividad, los perfilómetros NANOVEA lo consiguen.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DE MEDICIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>En esta aplicación, el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA ST400 se utiliza para medir el material en bruto y dos superficies granalladas de forma diferente para una revisión comparativa. Hay una lista interminable de parámetros de superficie que se pueden calcular automáticamente después de la exploración de la superficie 3D. Aquí, revisaremos la superficie 3D y seleccionaremos las áreas de interés para su posterior análisis, incluyendo la cuantificación e investigación de la rugosidad, los hoyuelos y el área superficial.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7bb8a0a elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7bb8a0a" data-element_type="section">
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">ST400 Estándar</span><br />Perfilómetro óptico 3D</p>								</div>
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							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="512" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-Optical-Profilometry-ST500.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9557" alt="Perfilómetro 3D NANOVEA ST500" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">LA MUESTRA</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="601" height="354" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peened-Surfaces-ISO-25178.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23113" alt="Ensayos de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SUPERFICIE DE ACERO</h3>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="459" height="381" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Steel-Surface-ISO-25178-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23116" alt="Rugosidad superficial granallada" />															</div>
				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="454" height="385" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Steel-Surface-ISO25178-Roughness-Analysis.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23117" alt="Caracterización de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8bf02be elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="8bf02be" data-element_type="section">
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ISO 25178</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> PARÁMETROS DE ROUGNESS 3D</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<html>
<head>
    <style>
        table {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            width: 100%;
        }

        td {
            border: 1px solid black;
            padding: 8px;
            text-align: left;
        }

        td:nth-child(3) {
            color: #1B96CF;
            font-weight: bold;
            font-style: italic;
        }

        /* Apply bold and italic style to table rows */
        tr {
            font-weight: bold;
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<body>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SA</td>
<td>0,399 μm</td>
<td>Rugosidad media</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sq</td>
<td>0,516 μm</td>
<td>Rugosidad RMS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sz</td>
<td>5,686 μm</td>
<td>Máximo de pico a valle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sp</td>
<td>2,976 μm</td>
<td>Altura máxima del pico</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sv</td>
<td>2,711 μm</td>
<td>Profundidad máxima de la fosa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Código</td>
<td>3.9344</td>
<td>Kurtosis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ssk</td>
<td>-0.0113</td>
<td>Skewness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sal</td>
<td>0,0028 mm</td>
<td>Longitud de autocorrelación</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Str</td>
<td>0.0613</td>
<td>Relación de aspecto de la textura</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sdar</td>
<td>26,539 mm²</td>
<td>Superficie</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Svk</td>
<td>0,589 μm</td>
<td>Reducción de la profundidad del valle</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
&nbsp;								</div>
				</div>
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					</div>
		</section>
					</div>
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					</div>
		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SUPERFICIE GRANALLADA 1</h3>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="440" height="377" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Peened-Surface-ISO-25178-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23118" alt="Perfil de superficie granallada" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="380" height="386" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peened-Surface-ISO25178-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23108" alt="Perfilometría de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
				</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">COBERTURA SUPERFICIAL </span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;">98.105%</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-29bfe40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="29bfe40" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="445" height="370" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peening-ISO25178-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23114" alt="Estudio de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-01aa9d3" data-id="01aa9d3" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-278511c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="278511c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ISO 25178</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> PARÁMETROS DE ROUGNESS 3D</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-749588a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="749588a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <style>
        table {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            width: 100%;
        }

        th, td {
            border: 1px solid black;
            padding: 8px;
            text-align: left;
        }

        th {
            background-color: #f2f2f2;
        }

        td:nth-child(3) {
            color: #1B96CF;
        }

        /* Apply bold and italic style to table rows */
        tr {
            font-weight: bold;
            font-style: italic;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<table>
    <tr>
        <td>Sa</td>
        <td>4,102 μm</td>
        <td>Rugosidad media</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sq</td>
        <td>5,153 μm</td>
        <td>Rugosidad RMS</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sz</td>
        <td>44,975 μm</td>
        <td>Máximo de pico a valle</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sp</td>
        <td>24,332 μm</td>
        <td>Altura máxima del pico</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sv</td>
        <td>20,644 μm</td>
        <td>Profundidad máxima de la fosa</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Código</td>
        <td>3.0187</td>
        <td>Kurtosis</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Ssk</td>
        <td>0.0625</td>
        <td>Skewness</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sal</td>
        <td>0,0976 mm</td>
        <td>Longitud de autocorrelación</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Str</td>
        <td>0.9278</td>
        <td>Relación de aspecto de la textura</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sdar</td>
        <td>29,451 mm²</td>
        <td>Superficie</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Svk</td>
        <td>5,008 μm</td>
        <td>Reducción de la profundidad del valle</td>
    </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>
								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8cbc24c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="8cbc24c" data-element_type="section">
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-474414a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="474414a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SUPERFICIE GRANALLADA 2</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b93c817 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b93c817" data-element_type="section">
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="434" height="378" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peened-ISO-25178-Analysis.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23120" alt="Ensayo de superficie granallada" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a23c59" data-id="0a23c59" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="423" height="385" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peened-Surface-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23112" alt="Análisis de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">COBERTURA SUPERFICIAL</span>
<span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> 97.366%</span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="422" height="373" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Shot-Peened-Roughness.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23121" alt="Metrología de superficies granalladas" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ISO 25178</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> PARÁMETROS DE ROUGNESS 3D</span></p>								</div>
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<head>
    <style>
        table {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            width: 100%;
        }

        td {
            border: 1px solid black;
            padding: 8px;
            text-align: left;
        }

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            color: #1B96CF;
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<table>
    <tr>
        <td>Sa</td>
        <td>4,330 μm</td>
        <td>Rugosidad media</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sq</td>
        <td>5,455 μm</td>
        <td>Rugosidad RMS</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sz</td>
        <td>54,013 μm</td>
        <td>Máximo de pico a valle</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sp</td>
        <td>25,908 μm</td>
        <td>Altura máxima del pico</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sv</td>
        <td>28,105 μm</td>
        <td>Profundidad máxima de la fosa</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Código</td>
        <td>3.0642</td>
        <td>Kurtosis</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Ssk</td>
        <td>0.1108</td>
        <td>Skewness</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sal</td>
        <td>0,1034 mm</td>
        <td>Longitud de autocorrelación</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Str</td>
        <td>0.9733</td>
        <td>Relación de aspecto de la textura</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sdar</td>
        <td>29,623 mm²</td>
        <td>Superficie</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Svk</td>
        <td>5,167 μm</td>
        <td>Reducción de la profundidad del valle</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<div class="group w-full text-token-text-primary border-b border-black/10 dark:border-gray-900/50 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-[#444654]"><div class="flex p-4 gap-4 text-base md:gap-6 md:max-w-2xl lg:max-w-[38rem] xl:max-w-3xl md:py-6 lg:px-0 m-auto"><div class="relative flex w-[calc(100%-50px)] flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3 lg:w-[calc(100%-115px)]"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col gap-3"><div class="min-h-[20px] flex flex-col items-start gap-3 overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap break-words"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert light"><p>En esta aplicación de análisis de superficies granalladas, hemos demostrado cómo el perfilómetro 3D sin contacto NANOVEA ST400 caracteriza con precisión tanto la topografía como los detalles nanométricos de una superficie granallada. Es evidente que tanto la superficie 1 como la superficie 2 tienen un impacto significativo en todos los parámetros reportados aquí en comparación con el material en bruto. Un simple examen visual de las imágenes revela las diferencias entre las superficies. Esto se confirma observando el área de cobertura y los parámetros enumerados. En comparación con la superficie 2, la superficie 1 presenta una rugosidad media inferior (Sa), abolladuras menos profundas (Sv) y un área de superficie reducida (Sdar), pero un área de cobertura ligeramente superior.</p><p>A partir de estas mediciones de superficie en 3D, las áreas de interés pueden identificarse fácilmente y someterse a una amplia gama de mediciones, como Rugosidad, Acabado, Textura, Forma, Topografía, Planitud, Alabeo, Planaridad, Volumen, Paso-Altura y otras. Se puede elegir rápidamente una sección transversal 2D para realizar un análisis detallado. Esta información permite una investigación exhaustiva de las superficies granalladas, utilizando una gama completa de recursos de medición de superficies. Las áreas específicas de interés pueden examinarse más a fondo con un módulo AFM integrado. Los perfilómetros NANOVEA 3D ofrecen velocidades de hasta 200 mm/s. Se pueden personalizar en términos de tamaño, velocidades, capacidades de escaneado e incluso pueden cumplir las normas de Sala Limpia de Clase 1. También están disponibles opciones como el transportador de indexación y la integración para uso en línea o en línea.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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									<p><span class="fontstyle0">Un agradecimiento especial al Sr. Hayden de IMF por suministrar la muestra que aparece en esta nota. Industrial Metal Finishing Inc. | indmetfin.com</span></p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/analisis-de-superficie-granallado/">Shot Peened Surface Analysis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Morfología de la superficie de la pintura</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/pintura-superficie-morfologia/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=paint-surface-morphology</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/es/pintura-superficie-morfologia/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nanovea]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 Aug 2023 16:44:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=23049</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>PAINT SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AUTOMATED REAL-TIME EVOLUTION MONITORINGUSING NANOVEA 3D PROFILOMETER Prepared by DUANJIE LI, PhD INTRODUCTION Protective and decorative properties of paint play a significant role in a variety of industries, including automotive, marine, military, and construction. To achieve desired properties, such as corrosion resistance, UV protection, and abrasion resistance, paint formulas and architectures are [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/pintura-superficie-morfologia/">Paint Surface Morphology</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="23049" class="elementor elementor-23049" data-elementor-post-type="post">
						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ec3d48 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7ec3d48" data-element_type="section">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">MORFOLOGÍA DE LA SUPERFICIE DE LA PINTURA</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SEGUIMIENTO AUTOMATIZADO DE LA EVOLUCIÓN EN TIEMPO REAL<br>USO DEL PERFILÓMETRO NANOVEA 3D</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="225" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Drying-Paint-Analysis-Study.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23058" alt="Morfología de la superficie de la pintura" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DUANJIE LI, Doctor</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUCCIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Las propiedades protectoras y decorativas de la pintura desempeñan un papel importante en diversos sectores, como el de la automoción, el naval, el militar y el de la construcción. Para conseguir las propiedades deseadas, como resistencia a la corrosión, protección UV y resistencia a la abrasión, las fórmulas y arquitecturas de la pintura se analizan, modifican y optimizan cuidadosamente.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTANCIA DEL PERFILÓMETRO 3D SIN CONTACTO PARA EL ANÁLISIS DE LA MORFOLOGÍA SUPERFICIAL DE LA PINTURA DE SECADO</h3>				</div>
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									<p>La pintura suele aplicarse en forma líquida y se somete a un proceso de secado, que implica la evaporación de disolventes y la transformación de la pintura líquida en una película sólida. Durante el proceso de secado, la superficie de la pintura cambia progresivamente de forma y textura. Se pueden conseguir diferentes acabados y texturas superficiales utilizando aditivos para modificar la tensión superficial y las propiedades de fluidez de la pintura. Sin embargo, en los casos de una receta de pintura mal formulada o un tratamiento superficial inadecuado, pueden producirse fallos no deseados en la superficie de la pintura.</p>
<p>La monitorización precisa in situ de la morfología de la superficie de la pintura durante el periodo de secado puede proporcionar información directa sobre el mecanismo de secado. Además, la evolución en tiempo real de las morfologías superficiales es una información muy útil en diversas aplicaciones, como la impresión 3D. El sistema NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfilómetros 3D sin contacto</a> medir la morfología de la superficie pictórica de los materiales sin tocar la muestra, evitando cualquier alteración de la forma que puedan provocar las tecnologías de contacto, como un palpador deslizante.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DE MEDICIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>En esta aplicación, el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA ST500, equipado con un sensor óptico de línea de alta velocidad, se utiliza para monitorizar la morfología de la superficie de la pintura durante su periodo de secado de 1 hora. Mostramos la capacidad del perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA para proporcionar mediciones automatizadas de perfiles 3D en tiempo real de materiales con cambio continuo de forma.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">
  NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">ST500 Gran superficie</span><br>
  Perfilómetro óptico 3D
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						<span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper">
									<span class="elementor-button-text">SOLICITAR PRESUPUESTO</span>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/st500">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="512" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-Optical-Profilometry-ST500.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9557" alt="Perfilómetro 3D NANOVEA ST500" />								</a>
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					</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8c9bdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c8c9bdf" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS Y DEBATE</h2>				</div>
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									<p>La pintura se aplicó sobre la superficie de una chapa metálica, seguida inmediatamente de mediciones automatizadas de la evolución de la morfología de la pintura en secado in situ utilizando el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA ST500 equipado con un sensor de línea de alta velocidad. Se había programado una macro para medir y registrar automáticamente la morfología 3D de la superficie a intervalos de tiempo específicos: 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 y 60 min. Este procedimiento de escaneado automatizado permite a los usuarios realizar tareas de escaneado automáticamente ejecutando procedimientos establecidos en secuencia, lo que reduce significativamente el esfuerzo, el tiempo y los posibles errores del usuario en comparación con las pruebas manuales o los escaneados repetidos. Esta automatización resulta extremadamente útil para mediciones a largo plazo que implican múltiples exploraciones a diferentes intervalos de tiempo.</p><p>El sensor óptico de línea genera una línea brillante formada por 192 puntos, como se muestra en la FIGURA 1. Estos 192 puntos luminosos escanean simultáneamente la superficie de la muestra, lo que aumenta significativamente la velocidad de escaneado. Esto garantiza que cada escaneado 3D se complete rápidamente para evitar cambios sustanciales en la superficie durante cada escaneado individual.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-073b725 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="073b725" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="664" height="426" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Paint-Coating-Analysis.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-23062" alt="Análisis del revestimiento de pintura con un perfilómetro 3D" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Sensor óptico de líneas que escanea la superficie de la pintura en secado.</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>La vista en falso color, la vista en 3D y el perfil en 2D de la topografía de la pintura secándose en momentos representativos se muestran en la FIGURA 2, FIGURA 3 y FIGURA 4, respectivamente. El falso color en las imágenes facilita la detección de características que no son fácilmente discernibles. Los diferentes colores representan variaciones de altura en diferentes áreas de la superficie de la muestra. La vista 3D proporciona una herramienta ideal para que los usuarios observen la superficie de la pintura desde diferentes ángulos. Durante los primeros 30 minutos de la prueba, los falsos colores de la superficie de la pintura cambian gradualmente de tonos más cálidos a tonos más fríos, lo que indica una disminución progresiva de la altura con el paso del tiempo en este periodo. Este proceso se ralentiza, como demuestra el leve cambio de color al comparar la pintura a los 30 y 60 minutos.</p><p>Los valores de la altura media de la muestra y de la rugosidad Sa en función del tiempo de secado de la pintura se representan en la FIGURA 5. El análisis completo de la rugosidad de la pintura después de 0, 30 y 60 min de tiempo de secado se enumeran en la TABLA 1. Puede observarse que la altura media de la superficie de la pintura disminuye rápidamente de 471 a 329 µm en los primeros 30 min de tiempo de secado. La textura de la superficie se desarrolla al mismo tiempo que se vaporiza el disolvente, lo que provoca un aumento del valor Sa de la rugosidad de 7,19 a 22,6 µm. El proceso de secado de la pintura se ralentiza a partir de entonces, lo que provoca una disminución gradual de la altura de la muestra y del valor Sa hasta 317 µm y 19,6 µm, respectivamente, a los 60 min.</p><p>Este estudio pone de relieve las capacidades del perfilómetro 3D sin contacto NANOVEA para monitorizar en tiempo real los cambios de la superficie 3D de la pintura en proceso de secado, proporcionando información valiosa sobre el proceso de secado de la pintura. Al medir la morfología de la superficie sin tocar la muestra, el perfilómetro evita introducir alteraciones de forma en la pintura sin secar, lo que puede ocurrir con tecnologías de contacto como el palpador deslizante. Este enfoque sin contacto garantiza un análisis preciso y fiable de la morfología de la superficie de la pintura en proceso de secado.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="325" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Paint-Coating-Morphology.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23064" alt="Morfología de la superficie de la pintura" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dc7ef7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="dc7ef7e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="325" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Drying-Paint-Surface-Morphology.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23060" alt="Morfología del revestimiento de pintura" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Evolución de la morfología de la superficie de la pintura en secado a diferentes tiempos.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1364ad7 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1364ad7" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="617" height="461" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Drying-Paint-Coating-Measurement.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23059" alt="Caracterización de la superficie de la pintura" />															</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Drying-Paint-Surface-QC.jpg" title="" alt="Perfil de la superficie de pintura" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b4decdd elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b4decdd" data-element_type="section">
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Drying-Paint-Surface-Profilometry.jpg" title="" alt="Análisis de la superficie de la pintura" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Vista en 3D de la evolución de la superficie de la pintura a diferentes tiempos de secado.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-217ac1c elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="217ac1c" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="703" height="559" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Paint-Coating-Measurement.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23063" alt="Perfilometría de superficies de pintura" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Perfil 2D de la muestra de pintura tras diferentes tiempos de secado.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ec42f4 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="8ec42f4" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="737" height="557" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Paint-Morphology-Evolution.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23071" alt="Estudio de la superficie de la pintura" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Evolución de la altura media de la muestra y del valor de rugosidad Sa en función del tiempo de secado de la pintura.</span></p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ISO 25178 - Parámetros de textura superficial</h3>				</div>
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									<table class="alignright" style="width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Tiempo de secado (min)</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>0</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>5</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>10</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>20</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>30</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>40</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>50</b></em></td>
<td><em><b>60</b></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Sq (µm)</b></em></td>
<td>7.91</td>
<td>9.4</td>
<td>10.8</td>
<td>20.9</td>
<td>22.6</td>
<td>20.6</td>
<td>19.9</td>
<td>19.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Código</b></em></td>
<td>26.3</td>
<td>19.8</td>
<td>14.6</td>
<td>11.9</td>
<td>10.5</td>
<td>9.87</td>
<td>9.83</td>
<td>9.82</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Sp (µm)</b></em></td>
<td>97.4</td>
<td>105</td>
<td>108</td>
<td>116</td>
<td>125</td>
<td>118</td>
<td>114</td>
<td>112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Sv (µm)</b></em></td>
<td>127</td>
<td>70.2</td>
<td>116</td>
<td>164</td>
<td>168</td>
<td>138</td>
<td>130</td>
<td>128</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Sz (µm)</b></em></td>
<td>224</td>
<td>175</td>
<td>224</td>
<td>280</td>
<td>294</td>
<td>256</td>
<td>244</td>
<td>241</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em><b>Sa (µm)</b></em></td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>5.44</td>
<td>6.42</td>
<td>12.2</td>
<td>13.3</td>
<td>12.2</td>
<td>11.9</td>
<td>11.8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Sq -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Altura media cuadrática </span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;"> | Sku -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Kurtosis </span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;"> | Sp -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Altura máxima del pico</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;"> | Sv -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Altura máxima del foso</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;"> | Sz -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Altura máxima</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;"> | Sv -</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Altura media aritmética</span></p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> <span class="fontstyle0">Rugosidad de la pintura a diferentes tiempos de secado.</span> <br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-93e0d41 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="93e0d41" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<div class="group w-full text-token-text-primary border-b border-black/10 dark:border-gray-900/50 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-[#444654]">
<div class="flex p-4 gap-4 text-base md:gap-6 md:max-w-2xl lg:max-w-[38rem] xl:max-w-3xl md:py-6 lg:px-0 m-auto">
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<div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert light">
<p>En esta aplicación, hemos mostrado las capacidades del perfilómetro 3D sin contacto NANOVEA ST500 para supervisar la evolución de la morfología de la superficie de la pintura durante el proceso de secado. El sensor óptico de línea de alta velocidad, que genera una línea con 192 puntos de luz que escanean la superficie de la muestra simultáneamente, ha hecho que el estudio sea eficiente en cuanto al tiempo, al tiempo que garantiza una precisión inigualable.</p>
<p>La función macro del software de adquisición permite programar mediciones automatizadas de la morfología de la superficie 3D in situ, por lo que resulta especialmente útil para mediciones a largo plazo que impliquen múltiples exploraciones a intervalos de tiempo específicos. Reduce significativamente el tiempo, el esfuerzo y los posibles errores del usuario. Los cambios progresivos en la morfología de la superficie se supervisan continuamente y se registran en tiempo real a medida que se seca la pintura, lo que proporciona información valiosa sobre el mecanismo de secado de la pintura.</p>
<p>Los datos mostrados aquí representan sólo una fracción de los cálculos disponibles en el software de análisis. Los perfilómetros NANOVEA son capaces de medir prácticamente cualquier superficie, ya sea transparente, oscura, reflectante u opaca.</p></div></div></div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">¿Tiene una aplicación similar?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">HABLE AHORA CON UN EXPERTO</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">OBTENGA PRECIOS Y DETALLES RÁPIDAMENTE</span>
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		</section>
				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/pintura-superficie-morfologia/">Paint Surface Morphology</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>Prueba de desgaste del revestimiento de PTFE</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/ensayo-de-desgaste-del-revestimiento-de-ptfe/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=ptfe-coating-wear-test</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/es/ensayo-de-desgaste-del-revestimiento-de-ptfe/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nanovea]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jun 2023 19:11:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linear Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scratch Testing | Adhesive Failure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scratch Testing | Cohesive Failure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=22853</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>PTFE COATING WEAR TEST USING TRIBOMETER AND MECHANICAL TESTER Prepared by DUANJIE LI, PhD INTRODUCTION Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly known as Teflon, is a polymer with an exceptionally low coefficient of friction (COF) and excellent wear resistance, depending on the applied loads. PTFE exhibits superior chemical inertness, high melting point of 327°C (620°F), and maintains high [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/ensayo-de-desgaste-del-revestimiento-de-ptfe/">PTFE Coating Wear Test</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="22853" class="elementor elementor-22853" data-elementor-post-type="post">
						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ec3d48 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7ec3d48" data-element_type="section">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ENSAYO DE DESGASTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">UTILIZANDO TRIBÓMETROS Y COMPROBADORES MECÁNICOS</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-73c118d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="73c118d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="229" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Teflon-Coating-Wear-Test.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22855" alt="ENSAYO DE DESGASTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-97cc106 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="97cc106" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-95aa94e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="95aa94e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DUANJIE LI, Doctor</p>				</div>
				</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-753c1f3 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="753c1f3" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow">
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				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b259d86" data-id="b259d86" data-element_type="column" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUCCIÓN</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9ab0009 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9ab0009" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p><span class="fontstyle0">El politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE), conocido comúnmente como teflón, es un polímero con un coeficiente de fricción (COF) excepcionalmente bajo y una excelente resistencia al desgaste, en función de las cargas aplicadas. El PTFE presenta una inercia química superior, un alto punto de fusión de 327°C (620°F) y mantiene una alta resistencia, tenacidad y autolubricación a bajas temperaturas. La excepcional resistencia al desgaste de los revestimientos de PTFE hace que sean muy solicitados en una amplia gama de aplicaciones industriales, como la automoción, la industria aeroespacial, la medicina y, sobre todo, los utensilios de cocina.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d440447 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d440447" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTANCIA DE LA EVALUACIÓN CUANTITATIVA
DE LOS REVESTIMIENTOS DE PTFE</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-966ab4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="966ab4d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>La combinación de un coeficiente de fricción (COF) superbajo, una excelente resistencia al desgaste y una excepcional inercia química a altas temperaturas hace del PTFE una opción ideal para los revestimientos antiadherentes de sartenes. Para mejorar aún más sus procesos mecánicos durante la I+D, así como para garantizar un control óptimo sobre la prevención de fallos y las medidas de seguridad en el proceso de control de calidad, es crucial disponer de una técnica fiable para evaluar cuantitativamente los procesos tribomecánicos de los revestimientos de PTFE. El control preciso de la fricción superficial, el desgaste y la adherencia de los revestimientos es esencial para garantizar su rendimiento previsto.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-47c8aaf elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="47c8aaf" data-element_type="section">
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f4459af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="f4459af" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DE MEDICIÓN</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2d928a elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a2d928a" data-element_type="section">
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f4e8ac1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f4e8ac1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>En esta aplicación, se simula el proceso de desgaste de un revestimiento de PTFE para una sartén antiadherente utilizando el Tribómetro NANOVEA en modo lineal alternativo.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b93daf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="4b93daf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/NANOVEA-T50-Tribometer-for-Wear-Test.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22861" alt="TRIBÓMETRO NANOVEA: Pruebas de abrasividad de piedra caliza y mármol" />								</a>
															</div>
				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #1b96cf;">T50 Compacto</span> <br>
Tribómetro de peso libre</p>								</div>
				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">DESCARGAR FOLLETO</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">SOLICITAR PRESUPUESTO</span>
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				</div>
								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-360d589" data-id="360d589" data-element_type="column">
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>Además, se utilizó el comprobador mecánico NANOVEA para realizar un ensayo de adhesión por microarañazos con el fin de determinar la carga crítica del fallo de adhesión del revestimiento de PTFE.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d163443 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="d163443" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="298" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/NANOVEA-Scratch-Tester-amd-Nanoindentation.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22859" alt="NANOVEA SCRATCH TESTER: PRUEBA DE DESGASTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />								</a>
															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-000d5a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="000d5a3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #1b96cf;">PB1000 Plataforma grande</span>
Comprobador mecánico</p>								</div>
				</div>
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						<span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper">
									<span class="elementor-button-text">DESCARGAR FOLLETO</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">SOLICITAR PRESUPUESTO</span>
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				</div>
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		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9be9abc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="9be9abc" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PROCEDIMIENTO DE PRUEBA</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PRUEBA DE DESGASTE</h3>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DESGASTE LINEAL ALTERNATIVO MEDIANTE TRIBÓMETRO</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56da828 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="56da828" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>El comportamiento tribológico de la muestra de revestimiento de PTFE, incluyendo el coeﬃcient de fricción (COF) y la resistencia al desgaste, se evaluó utilizando el NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribómetro </a>en modo alternativo lineal. Se utilizó una punta esférica de acero inoxidable 440 con un diámetro de 3 mm (Grado 100) contra el revestimiento. Durante la prueba de desgaste del revestimiento de PTFE se controló continuamente el COF.</p><p> </p><p>La tasa de desgaste, K, se calculó mediante la fórmula K=V/(F×s)=A/(F×n), donde V representa el volumen desgastado, F es la carga normal, s es la distancia de deslizamiento, A es el área transversal de la pista de desgaste y n es el número de carreras. Los perfiles de desgaste se evaluaron con el programa NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Proﬁlómetro óptico</a>y se examinó la morfología de la huella de desgaste con un microscopio óptico.</p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7600025" data-id="7600025" data-element_type="column" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap">
							</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94e8004 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="94e8004" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf2d779" data-id="cf2d779" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b24853d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="b24853d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PARÁMETROS DE LA PRUEBA DE DESGASTE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ab573c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ab573c0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">CARGAR</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>30 N</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DURACIÓN DE LA PRUEBA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>5 minutos</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">TASA DE DESLIZAMIENTO</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>80 rpm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">AMPLITUD DE VÍA </strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>8 mm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">REVOLUCIONES</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>300</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DIÁMETRO DE LA BOLA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>3 mm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">MATERIAL DE LA BOLA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Acero inoxidable 440</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">LUBRICANTE</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Ninguno</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">ATMÓSFERA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Aire</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">TEMPERATURA </strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>230C (RT)</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">HUMEDAD</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>43%</strong></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e70ba4b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e70ba4b" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef00b99" data-id="ef00b99" data-element_type="column" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5abc2e8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="5abc2e8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
							<div class="elementor-spacer">
			<div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div>
		</div>
						</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-07b77c1" data-id="07b77c1" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5cf5562 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5cf5562" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PROCEDIMIENTO DE PRUEBA</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31df6ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="31df6ff" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PRUEBA DE RAYADO</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1dca591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1dca591" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PRUEBA DE ADHERENCIA AL MICROARAÑAZO CON UN COMPROBADOR MECÁNICO</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3802982 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3802982" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>La medición de la adherencia al rayado del PTFE se realizó utilizando el NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">Comprobador mecánico</a> con un palpador de diamante de 1200 Rockwell C (200 μm de radio) en el modo Micro Scratch Tester.</p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size ); font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );">Para garantizar la reproducibilidad de los resultados, se realizaron tres pruebas en condiciones idénticas.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c60c719 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c60c719" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-83a58b4" data-id="83a58b4" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-643c444 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="643c444" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PARÁMETROS DE LA PRUEBA DE RAYADO</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8f0178d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8f0178d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">TIPO DE CARGA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Progresiva</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">CARGA INICIAL </strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0,01 mN</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">CARGA FINAL</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>20 mN</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">VELOCIDAD DE CARGA</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>40 mN/min</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">LONGITUD DEL RASPADO</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>3 mm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">velocidad de rayado, dx/dt</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>6,0 mm/min</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">GEOMETRÍA DEL PENETRADOR</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>120o Rockwell C</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">MATERIAL INDENTADOR (punta)</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Diamante</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">RADIO DE LA PUNTA DEL PENETRADOR </strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>200 μm</strong></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8c9bdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c8c9bdf" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-724e51f" data-id="724e51f" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ec6977f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ec6977f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS Y DEBATE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-51ed2c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="51ed2c5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DESGASTE LINEAL ALTERNATIVO MEDIANTE TRIBÓMETRO</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dcde8ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="dcde8ed" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>El COF registrado in situ se muestra en la FIGURA 1. La muestra de ensayo mostró un COF de ~0,18 durante las 130 primeras revoluciones, debido a la baja pegajosidad del PTFE. Sin embargo, se produjo un aumento repentino del COF a ~1 una vez que el revestimiento se rompió, dejando al descubierto el sustrato subyacente. Tras las pruebas de movimiento alternativo lineal, se midió el perfil de desgaste con el NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Proﬁlómetro óptico sin contacto</a>como se muestra en la FIGURA 2. A partir de los datos obtenidos, la tasa de desgaste correspondiente se calculó en ~2,78 × 10-3 mm3/Nm, mientras que la profundidad de la huella de desgaste se determinó en 44,94 µm.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ebeca8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="ebeca8a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="343" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-tribological-testing-of-cookware-coatings.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22868" alt="ESTUDIO DEL DESGASTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56fb15b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="56fb15b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									Configuración de la prueba de desgaste del revestimiento de PTFE en el tribómetro NANOVEA T50.								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7d46f96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="7d46f96" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="303" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-Coefficient-of-Friction-COF.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22863" alt="TEFLÓN COF" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0a82ff4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="0a82ff4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Evolución del COF durante el ensayo de desgaste del revestimiento de PTFE.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bb143b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="bb143b0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="284" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-QC-Wear-Track.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22864" alt="PRUEBA DE DESGASTE DE PTFE" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e8eb8fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e8eb8fa" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Proﬁle de extracción de la pista de desgaste PTFE.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5af507a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="5af507a" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce74c3b" data-id="ce74c3b" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43cc09b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="43cc09b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PTFE Antes del avance</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d0f1ac7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d0f1ac7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">COF máximo</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.217</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">Mín COF</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.125</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">COF medio</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.177</strong></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a891337" data-id="a891337" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8866853 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="8866853" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PTFE Después de la ruptura</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3484322 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3484322" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">COF máximo</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.217</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">Mín COF</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.125</strong></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">COF medio</strong></em></td>
<td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>0.177</strong></em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3455e16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3455e16" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> COF antes y después de la rotura durante la prueba de desgaste.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3e37f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d3e37f5" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5eba12e" data-id="5eba12e" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-77cc5ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="77cc5ff" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS Y DEBATE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-29d3f80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="29d3f80" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PRUEBA DE ADHERENCIA AL MICROARAÑAZO CON UN COMPROBADOR MECÁNICO</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-380bdec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="380bdec" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>La adherencia del revestimiento de PTFE al sustrato se mide mediante ensayos de rayado con un estilete de diamante de 200 µm. La micrografía se muestra en la FIGURA 3 y FIGURA 4, la evolución del COF, y la profundidad de penetración en la FIGURA 5. Los resultados de la prueba de rayado del recubrimiento de PTFE se resumen en la TABLA 4. A medida que aumentaba la carga sobre el estilete de diamante, éste penetraba progresivamente en el revestimiento, lo que provocaba un aumento del COF. Cuando se alcanzó una carga de ~8,5 N, se produjo la ruptura del revestimiento y la exposición del sustrato bajo alta presión, lo que condujo a un COF elevado de ~0,3. El bajo St Dev mostrado en la TABLA 2 demuestra la repetibilidad del ensayo de rayado del revestimiento de PTFE realizado con el Probador Mecánico NANOVEA.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c5b6e9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="c5b6e9a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="247" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22865" alt="ENSAYO DE REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Micrografía del rayado completo sobre PTFE (10X).</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="466" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-scratch-testing-NANOVEA.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22866" alt="ENSAYO DE RAYADO DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Micrografía del rayado completo sobre PTFE (10X).</span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-61723a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="61723a1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="315" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PTFE-testing-critical-point-of-failure.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22867" alt="ENSAYO DE FRICCIÓN DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE PTFE" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Gráfico de fricción que muestra la línea del punto crítico de fallo para el PTFE.</span></p>								</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 90.0426%; height: 216px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 48px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Rasca</i></b></td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Punto de fallo [N]</i></b></td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Fuerza de rozamiento [N]</i></b></td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>COF</i></b></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.335</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.124</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.285</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.337</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.207</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.310</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.380</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.229</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.295</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">Media</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">8.52</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2.47</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.297</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px;">
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">St dev</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.17</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.16</td>
<td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.012</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Resumen de la carga crítica, la fuerza de fricción y el COF durante la prueba de rayado.</span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>En este estudio, realizamos una simulación del proceso de desgaste de un revestimiento de PTFE para sartenes antiadherentes utilizando el tribómetro NANOVEA T50 en modo lineal alternativo. El recubrimiento de PTFE exhibió un bajo COF de ~0,18 el recubrimiento experimentó una ruptura alrededor de las 130 revoluciones. La evaluación cuantitativa de la adhesión del revestimiento de PTFE al sustrato metálico se realizó utilizando el comprobador mecánico NANOVEA, que determinó que la carga crítica del fallo de adhesión del revestimiento era de ~8,5 N en esta prueba.</p><p> </p><p>Los tribómetros NANOVEA ofrecen capacidades de ensayo de desgaste y fricción precisas y repetibles mediante modos rotativos y lineales conformes con las normas ISO y ASTM. Ofrecen módulos opcionales para desgaste a alta temperatura, lubricación y tribocorrosión, todo integrado en un único sistema. Esta versatilidad permite a los usuarios simular entornos de aplicación reales con mayor precisión y comprender mejor los mecanismos de desgaste y las propiedades tribológicas de distintos materiales.</p><p> </p><p>Los comprobadores mecánicos NANOVEA cuentan con módulos Nano, Micro y Macro, cada uno de los cuales incluye modos de ensayo de indentación, rayado y desgaste conformes a las normas ISO y ASTM, proporcionando la gama más amplia y fácil de usar de capacidades de ensayo disponibles en un solo sistema.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/ensayo-de-desgaste-del-revestimiento-de-ptfe/">PTFE Coating Wear Test</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Cartografía de desgaste progresivo de pavimentos mediante tribómetro</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/es/mapeo-de-desgaste-progresivo-de-pisos-usando-tribometro/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=progressive-wear-mapping-of-flooring-using-tribometer</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Jun 2023 15:51:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Volume and Area]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ring on Ring Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=22326</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Flooring Wear Testing Progressive Wear Mapping of Flooring​ using Tribometer with integrated Profilometer Prepared by FRANK LIU INTRODUCTION Flooring materials are designed to be durable, but they often suﬀer wear and tear from everyday activities such as movement and furniture use. To ensure their longevity, most types of ﬂooring have a protective wear layer that [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/mapeo-de-desgaste-progresivo-de-pisos-usando-tribometro/">Progressive Wear Mapping of Flooring using Tribometer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="22326" class="elementor elementor-22326" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pruebas de desgaste de suelos</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Cartografía de desgaste progresivo de suelos mediante tribómetro con perfilómetro integrado</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="217" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Floor-QC-Progressive-Wear-Testing-on-Flooring.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22330" alt="pruebas de desgaste de suelos" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">FRANK LIU</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUCCIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Los materiales de los suelos están diseñados para ser duraderos, pero a menudo sufren el desgaste de actividades cotidianas como el movimiento y el uso de muebles. Para garantizar su longevidad, la mayoría de los tipos de suelos tienen una capa protectora que resiste los daños. Sin embargo, el grosor y la durabilidad de la capa de desgaste varían en función del tipo de ﬂooring y del nivel de traﬃc de los pies. Además, las distintas capas de la estructura del revestimiento, como los revestimientos UV, las capas decorativas y el esmalte, tienen diferentes índices de desgaste. Ahí es donde entra en juego el mapeo progresivo del desgaste. Utilizando el tribómetro NANOVEA T2000 con un <a style="background-color: #ffffff;" href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Proﬁlómetro 3D sin contacto</a>Gracias a la investigación, es posible realizar un seguimiento preciso y un análisis del rendimiento y la longevidad de los materiales de los sistemas de agarre. Al proporcionar información detallada sobre el comportamiento ante el desgaste de los distintos materiales de los sistemas de agarre, los científicos y los profesionales técnicos pueden tomar decisiones más fundamentadas a la hora de seleccionar y diseñar nuevos sistemas de agarre.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTANCIA DE LA CARTOGRAFÍA DEL DESGASTE PROGRESIVO DE LOS PANELES DE SUELO</h3>				</div>
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									<p>Los ensayos de suelos se han centrado tradicionalmente en la tasa de desgaste de una muestra para determinar su durabilidad frente al desgaste. Sin embargo, el mapeo progresivo del desgaste permite analizar la tasa de desgaste de la muestra a lo largo de la prueba, lo que proporciona información valiosa sobre su comportamiento frente al desgaste. Este análisis en profundidad permite establecer correlaciones entre los datos de fricción y la tasa de desgaste, lo que puede identificar las causas fundamentales del desgaste. Cabe señalar que las tasas de desgaste no son constantes a lo largo de las pruebas de desgaste. Por lo tanto, la observación de la progresión del desgaste proporciona una evaluación más precisa del desgaste de la muestra. Más allá de los métodos de ensayo tradicionales, la adopción de la cartografía de desgaste progresivo ha contribuido a importantes avances en el campo de los ensayos de suelos.</p>								</div>
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-385841f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="385841f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<div class="group w-full text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 border-b border-black/10 dark:border-gray-900/50 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-[#444654]"><div class="flex p-4 gap-4 text-base md:gap-6 md:max-w-2xl lg:max-w-xl xl:max-w-3xl md:py-6 lg:px-0 m-auto"><div class="relative flex w-[calc(100%-50px)] flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3 lg:w-[calc(100%-115px)]"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col gap-3"><div class="min-h-[20px] flex flex-col items-start gap-4 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert light"><p>El tribómetro NANOVEA T2000 con perfilómetro 3D sin contacto integrado es una solución innovadora para pruebas de desgaste y mediciones de pérdida de volumen. Su capacidad para moverse con precisión entre el perno y el perfilómetro garantiza la fiabilidad de los resultados al eliminar cualquier desviación en el radio o la ubicación de la pista de desgaste. Pero eso no es todo: las funciones avanzadas del perfilómetro 3D sin contacto permiten realizar mediciones de superficies a alta velocidad, reduciendo el tiempo de exploración a unos segundos. Con capacidad para aplicar cargas de hasta 2.000 N y alcanzar velocidades de giro de hasta 5.000 rpm, el NANOVEA T2000 <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribómetro</a> ofrece versatilidad y precisión en el proceso de evaluación. Está claro que este equipo desempeña un papel vital en la cartografía del desgaste progresivo.</p></div></div></div><div class="flex justify-between lg:block"><div class="text-gray-400 flex self-end lg:self-center justify-center mt-2 gap-2 md:gap-3 lg:gap-1 lg:absolute lg:top-0 lg:translate-x-full lg:right-0 lg:mt-0 lg:pl-2 visible"> </div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-75d8a9c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="75d8a9c" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="555" height="448" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wear-Testing-Sample-Setup.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22347" alt="pruebas de desgaste de suelos con tribómetro" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="458" height="446" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Post-wear-test-wear-track-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22333" alt="pruebas de desgaste de suelos con perfilómetro" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Montaje de la muestra antes de la prueba de desgaste
(izquierda) y perfilometría de la huella de desgaste tras la prueba de desgaste (derecha).</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75ce994 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="75ce994" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DE MEDICIÓN</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Se realizaron pruebas de mapeo de desgaste progresivo en dos tipos de materiales para suelos: piedra y madera. Cada muestra se sometió a un total de 7 ciclos de prueba, con duraciones de prueba crecientes de 2, 4, 8, 20, 40, 60 y 120 s, lo que permitió comparar el desgaste a lo largo del tiempo. Después de cada ciclo de prueba, se perfiló la pista de desgaste utilizando el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA 3D. A partir de los datos recogidos por el perfilómetro, se puede analizar el volumen del agujero y la tasa de desgaste utilizando las funciones integradas en el software NANOVEA Tribometer o nuestro software de análisis de superficies, Mountains.</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-70c1928 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="70c1928" data-element_type="section">
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">T2000 Alta carga</span><br />Tribómetro neumático</p>								</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">DESCARGAR FOLLETO</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">SOLICITAR PRESUPUESTO</span>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t2000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="591" height="579" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/NANOVEA-Tribometer-T2000.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-20089" alt="Tribómetro neumático de alta carga NANOVEA T2000" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">LAS MUESTRAS</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="458" height="456" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Floor-and-Stone-Flooring-Wear-Test.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-22348" alt="muestras de ensayo de cartografía de desgaste madera y piedra" />															</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94e8004 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="94e8004" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PARÁMETROS DE LA PRUEBA DE CARTOGRAFÍA DE DESGASTE</h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ab573c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ab573c0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 102.375%;"><tbody><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">CARGAR</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>40 N</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DURACIÓN DE LA PRUEBA</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>varía</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">VELOCIDAD</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>200 rpm</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">RADIUS</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>10 mm</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DISTANCIA</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>varía</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">MATERIAL DE LA BOLA</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>Carburo de tungsteno</strong></em></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">DIÁMETRO DE LA BOLA</strong></em></td><td style="width: 52.497%; text-align: right;"><em><strong>10 mm</strong></em></td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;">La duración de la prueba utilizada en los 7 ciclos fue <span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">2, 4, 8, 20, 40, 60 y 120 segundos</span>respectivamente.
Las distancias recorridas fueron <span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">0,40, 0,81, 1,66, 4,16, 8,36, 12,55 y 25,11 metros.</span></p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f562115 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f562115" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e860c0c" data-id="e860c0c" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS DE LA CARTOGRAFÍA DEL DESGASTE</h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1552ab3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1552ab3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Suelos de madera</h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7871976 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7871976" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 90.0426%; height: 216px;"><tbody><tr style="height: 48px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Ciclo de pruebas</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>COF máximo</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Mín COF</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Avg. COF</i></b></td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.335</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.124</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.275</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.337</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.207</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.295</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.380</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.229</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.329</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">4</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.393</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.265</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.354</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">5</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.352</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.205</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.314</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">6</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.345</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.199</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.312</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.315</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.211</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.293</td></tr></tbody></table><p><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;"> </strong></em></p><p><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">ORIENTACIÓN RADIAL</strong></em></p><table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98.7212%; height: 270px;"><tbody><tr style="height: 102px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Ciclo de pruebas</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Pérdida de volumen total (µm3</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Distancia total<br />Recorrido (m)</i></b></td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Índice de desgaste<br />(mm/Nm) x10<sup>-5</sup></i></b></td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Índice de desgaste instantáneo<br />(mm/Nm) x10<sup>-5</sup></i></b></td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">296247687</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.40</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">1833.746</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">1833.746</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">355245227</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1.22</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">1093.260</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">181.5637</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">596371326</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2.88</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">898.242</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">363.1791</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">4</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">883747767</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7.04</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">530.629</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">172.5496</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">5</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1207179951</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">15.40</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">360.889</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">96.69074</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">6</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1472745318</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">27.95</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">293.329</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">52.89311</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1851319210</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">53.06</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">184.343</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">37.69599</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-641ab11 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="641ab11" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="619" height="403" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Progressive-Tribology-Mapping-of-Flooring-21.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22334" alt="índice de desgaste progresivo de la madera frente a la distancia total" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="619" height="403" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Floor-Wear-Rate.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22350" alt="Índice de desgaste del suelo de madera" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Índice de desgaste frente a la distancia total recorrida (izquierda)<br />e índice de desgaste instantáneo frente al ciclo de ensayo (derecha) para suelos de madera.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d103b46 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d103b46" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a5b214" data-id="3a5b214" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6ff3d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="6ff3d30" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="595" height="347" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Flooring-Wear-Test-COF.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22352" alt="pruebas del coeficiente de fricción del suelo" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cdc909" data-id="1cdc909" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d57ad14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="d57ad14" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="585" height="387" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Floor-Wear-Track-Profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22351" alt="cartografía del desgaste progresivo del suelo de madera" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-aa3cabd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="aa3cabd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Gráfico COF y vista 3D de la huella de desgaste de la prueba #7 en suelo de madera.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-89ac0ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="89ac0ae" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="172" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Floor-QC-Tribometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22349" alt="mapa de desgaste perfil extraído" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-192e2cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="192e2cf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="274" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Wood-Flooring-Wear-Tester.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22329" alt="resultados de las pruebas de desgaste de suelos" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ca0504 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="7ca0504" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="305" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Progressive-Tribology-Mapping-of-Flooring-27.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22335" alt="caracterización de la superficie del suelo" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56fb15b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="56fb15b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Análisis transversal de la pista de desgaste de madera del ensayo #7</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3a5f744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="3a5f744" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="794" height="910" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Floor-Wear-Test-Volume-and-Area-Analysis.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22342" alt="mapeo progresivo del desgaste análisis de volumen y área" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a3d760 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7a3d760" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Análisis de volumen y área de la huella de desgaste en la muestra de madera Ensayo #7.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dc3da62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="dc3da62" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;">
  <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZ8zyF9MD5M">
    <span style="color: #1b96cf; font-size: 1.5em;">Para conocer todos los resultados, haga clic aquí.</span>
  </a>
</p>
								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1df9a23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1df9a23" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-971dc5c" data-id="971dc5c" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c91d508 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c91d508" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS DE LA CARTOGRAFÍA DEL DESGASTE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-eb8bfd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="eb8bfd6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Suelos de piedra</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d6db219 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d6db219" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 90.0426%; height: 216px;"><tbody><tr style="height: 48px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Ciclo de pruebas</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>COF máximo</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Mín COF</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 48px;"><b><i>Avg. COF</i></b></td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.249</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.035</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.186</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.349</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.197</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.275</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.294</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.154</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.221</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">4</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.503</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.124</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.273</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">5</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.548</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.106</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.390</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">6</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.510</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.129</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.434</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.527</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.181</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.472</td></tr></tbody></table><p><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;"> </strong></em></p><p><em><strong style="color: #1b96cf;">ORIENTACIÓN RADIAL</strong></em></p><table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98.7212%; height: 270px;"><tbody><tr style="height: 102px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Ciclo de pruebas</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Pérdida de volumen total (µm3</i></b></td><td style="width: 20%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Distancia total<br />Recorrido (m)</i></b></td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Índice de desgaste<br />(mm/Nm) x10<sup>-5</sup></i></b></td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 102px;"><b><i>Índice de desgaste instantáneo<br />(mm/Nm) x10<sup>-5</sup></i></b></td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">96278846</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">0.40</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">595.957</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">595.9573</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">804289731</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1.22</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">2475.185</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">2178.889</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">1316147855</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">2.88</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">1982.355</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">770.9501</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">4</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">3136530215</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7.04</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">1883.269</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">1093.013</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">5</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">10821732180</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">15.40</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">3235.180</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">2297.508</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">6</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">20174960343</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">27.95</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">4018.282</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">1862.899</td></tr><tr style="height: 24px;"><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">7</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">42512063420</td><td style="width: 20%; height: 24px;">53.06</td><td style="width: 19.723%; height: 24px;">4233.081</td><td style="width: 19.3314%; height: 24px;">2224.187</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-636f9cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="636f9cc" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9b8323" data-id="a9b8323" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-300085f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="300085f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="608" height="401" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Flooring-Wear-Rate.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22345" alt="índice de desgaste de los suelos de piedra frente a la distancia" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-00f4773" data-id="00f4773" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-83b9896 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="83b9896" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="606" height="401" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Floor-Wear-Rate-Test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22341" alt="tabla de desgaste instantáneo de los suelos de piedra" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-402cd58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="402cd58" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 6:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Índice de desgaste frente a la distancia total recorrida (izquierda)<br />e índice de desgaste instantáneo frente al ciclo de ensayo (derecha) para suelos de piedra.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-98a260b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="98a260b" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa3e36e" data-id="aa3e36e" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2fe2f63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="2fe2f63" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="579" height="325" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Flooring-Wear-Test-COF.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22346" alt="pruebas tribológicas de desgaste de suelos" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e32984c" data-id="e32984c" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-629df15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="629df15" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="590" height="397" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Floor-QC-Wear-Track.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22340" alt="suelo de piedra 3d perfil de la pista de desgaste" />															</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c25b7c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c25b7c8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 7:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Gráfico COF y vista 3D de la huella de desgaste de la prueba #7 sobre pavimento de piedra.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-acf9fc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="acf9fc1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="214" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Floor-Wear-Tester.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22343" alt="suelo de piedra mapeo de desgaste progresivo perfil extraído" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c704995 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="c704995" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="277" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Stone-Flooring-QC-Testing.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22344" alt="suelo de piedra perfil extraído profundidad y altura máximas área del agujero y pico" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a4b56d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="a4b56d9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="306" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Progressive-Tribology-Mapping-of-Flooring-35.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22336" alt="pruebas tribológicas de suelos" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-700c742 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="700c742" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 8:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Análisis transversal de la huella de desgaste de piedra de la prueba #7.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4088cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="4088cf2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="824" height="929" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Progressive-Tribology-Mapping-of-Flooring-36.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-22337" alt="análisis volumétrico de la cartografía de desgaste progresivo de los suelos de madera" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-24eaa02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="24eaa02" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 9:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Análisis de volumen y área de la huella de desgaste en la muestra de piedra de ensayo #7.</span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d91f8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3d91f8b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VW3AtMbzls"><br /><span style="color: #1b96cf; font-size: 1.5em;">Para conocer todos los resultados, haga clic aquí.</span><br /></a></p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8c9bdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c8c9bdf" data-element_type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-724e51f" data-id="724e51f" data-element_type="column">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ec6977f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ec6977f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DEBATE</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dcde8ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="dcde8ed" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									El índice de desgaste instantáneo se calcula con la siguiente ecuación:
								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ebeca8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="ebeca8a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="44" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Progressive-Tribology-Mapping-of-Flooring-37.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-22338" alt="fórmula de desgaste progresivo del suelo" />															</div>
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									<p>Donde V es el volumen de un agujero, N es la carga y X es la distancia total, esta ecuación describe la tasa de desgaste entre ciclos de prueba. La tasa de desgaste instantánea puede utilizarse para identificar mejor los cambios en la tasa de desgaste a lo largo de la prueba.</p><p>Ambas muestras tienen comportamientos de desgaste muy diferentes. Con el tiempo, el suelo de madera comienza con un índice de desgaste elevado, pero desciende rápidamente a un valor más pequeño y constante. En el caso del suelo de piedra, el índice de desgaste parece comenzar con un valor bajo y tiende a aumentar con el paso de los ciclos. El índice de desgaste instantáneo también muestra poca consistencia. La razón específica de esta diferencia no es segura, pero puede deberse a la estructura de las muestras. El suelo de piedra parece estar formado por partículas sueltas similares al grano, que se desgastarían de forma diferente en comparación con la estructura compacta de la madera. Sería necesario realizar más pruebas e investigaciones para determinar la causa de este comportamiento de desgaste.</p><p>Los datos del coeficiente de fricción (COF) parecen concordar con el comportamiento de desgaste observado. El gráfico del COF para el suelo de madera parece coherente a lo largo de los ciclos, complementando su tasa de desgaste constante. En el caso de los suelos de piedra, el COF medio aumenta a lo largo de los ciclos, de forma similar a como lo hace la tasa de desgaste. También hay cambios aparentes en la forma de los gráficos de fricción, lo que sugiere cambios en la forma en que la bola interactúa con la muestra de piedra. Esto es más evidente en los ciclos 2 y 4.</p>								</div>
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									<p>El Tribómetro NANOVEA T2000 muestra su capacidad para realizar un mapeo de desgaste progresivo analizando la tasa de desgaste entre dos muestras de pavimento diferentes. Detener la prueba de desgaste continuo y escanear la superficie con el perfilómetro sin contacto NANOVEA 3D proporciona información valiosa sobre el comportamiento de desgaste del material con el tiempo.</p><p>El tribómetro NANOVEA T2000 con el perfilómetro 3D sin contacto integrado proporciona una amplia variedad de datos, incluyendo datos COF (Coeficiente de Fricción), mediciones de superficie, lecturas de profundidad, visualización de superficie, pérdida de volumen, tasa de desgaste y más. Este amplio conjunto de información permite a los usuarios obtener una comprensión más profunda de las interacciones entre el sistema y la muestra. Con su carga controlada, alta precisión, facilidad de uso, alta carga, amplio rango de velocidad y módulos ambientales adicionales, el tribómetro NANOVEA T2000 lleva la tribología al siguiente nivel.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/es/mapeo-de-desgaste-progresivo-de-pisos-usando-tribometro/">Progressive Wear Mapping of Flooring using Tribometer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/es">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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