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	<title>Andrew Shore, Author at NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing -</title>
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	<description>Malzeme Araştırması ve Kalite Kontrolü için Metroloji Cihazları</description>
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	<title>Andrew Shore, Author at NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing -</title>
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		<title>Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 20:57:16 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Stent Coating Adhesion Testing Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing Quantifying Coating Failure and Adhesion Performance on Drug-Eluting Stents Request Coating Adhesion Testing Speak with an Application Engineer Research &#38; Experimental Testing Duanjie Li, PhD Visual Design &#38; Editorial Andrew Shore Introduction Blood is carried through arteries from [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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									<p>Application Note | Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</p>								</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Quantifying Coating Failure and Adhesion Performance on Drug-Eluting Stents</h2>				</div>
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															<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1400" height="420" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-delamination-nano-scratch-critical-load.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26273" alt="stent coating adhesion testing nano scratch delamination critical load" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrew Shore</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Giriş</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">Blood is carried through arteries from the heart to the rest of the body. Any weakening or blockage of these vessels can pose significant health risks and may become life-threatening. A stent is a small mesh tube inserted into the lumen of a blood vessel to treat narrowed or weakened arteries. Stent implantation is now a widely used procedure to support the arterial wall and restore blood flowᶦ.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="1200" height="320" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/medical-stent-mesh-structure-metal-stent-geometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26304" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Metal stent mesh geometry illustrating the structural complexity of vascular implant design.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why coating adhesion matters in drug-eluting stents</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="786" data-end="1054">Drug-eluting stents represent a major advancement in stent technology. They incorporate a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer coating that enables controlled drug release at the arterial site, helping to inhibit intimal thickening and reduce the risk of restenosisᶦᶦ.</p><p data-start="1056" data-end="1284">A critical concern in these systems is the delamination of the polymer coating from the metallic stent substrate. This coating carries the drug-eluting layer, and its adhesion directly impacts device performance and reliability.</p><p data-start="1286" data-end="1537">To improve coating adhesion, stents are often designed with complex geometries. In this study, the polymer coating is located at the bottom of grooves within the stent mesh. This configuration presents a significant challenge for adhesion measurement.</p><p data-start="1539" data-end="1795">A reliable method is required to quantitatively evaluate the interfacial strength between the polymer coating and the metal substrate. The small diameter of the stent mesh, comparable to a human hair, combined with its three-dimensional geometry, requires:</p><ul data-start="1796" data-end="1916"><li data-section-id="1n0qc6y" data-start="1796" data-end="1834">ultrafine X-Y positioning accuracy</li><li data-section-id="1003zy" data-start="1835" data-end="1870">precise control of applied load</li><li data-section-id="q3r43w" data-start="1871" data-end="1916">accurate depth measurement during testing</li></ul>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin <a href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/">nanoindentation and scratch testing lab services for coating adhesion and failure analysis</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="267" data-end="454">Nano scratch testing is performed using the <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazı</a>, in Nano Scratch Mode, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal mesh of stent samples.</p><p data-start="460" data-end="648">Controlled scratch measurements are carried out on stent geometries with dimensions comparable to a human hair, enabling precise evaluation of coating adhesion on complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">PB1000 Advanced</span></p><p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">Mekanik Test Cihazı</p>								</div>
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							<img decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanoindenter-scratch-tester-platform-nanovea-pb1000.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25767" alt="Nano ve mikro indentasyon modüllerine sahip NANOVEA PB1000 nano indenter ve çizik test cihazı platformu" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Test Koşulları</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The stent is fixed on the sample stage, with a support wire inserted inside the stent tube to ensure stability during nano scratch testing. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester is used to perform nano scratch measurements using the parameters summarized in Table 1, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Load type</td><td>İlerici</td></tr><tr><td>Initial load</td><td>0.05 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Final load</td><td>300 and 100 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding speed</td><td>0.5 mm/min</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding distance</td><td>0.5 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter geometry</td><td>Konik</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter material (tip)</td><td>Elmas</td></tr><tr><td>Girinti ucu yarıçapı</td><td>20 µm</td></tr><tr><td>Sıcaklık</td><td>24°C (room)</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Tablo 1: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on regular stent samples</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1073" data-end="1296">The SEM image in Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of the stent sample. The stent features a groove with a depth of approximately 30 µm. The polymer coating, with a thickness of 10.8 µm, is located at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="1298" data-end="1497">Standard 60° conical diamond tips are not sharp enough to reach the bottom of the groove without contacting the sidewalls. Therefore, a sharper 40° conical diamond tip is used in this study (Fig. 2).</p><p data-start="1499" data-end="1582">Nano scratch measurements are performed using the parameters summarized in Table 2.</p>								</div>
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<table class="measurement-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Load type</td>
<td>İlerici</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial load</td>
<td>0.1 mN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final load</td>
<td>300 mN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Yükleme oranı</td>
<td>300 mN/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scratch length</td>
<td>0.25 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scratch speed</td>
<td>0.25 mm/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indenter geometry</td>
<td>40° cone</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indenter material (tip)</td>
<td>Elmas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Girinti ucu yarıçapı</td>
<td>5 µm</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Table 2: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on grooved stent samples</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="932" height="1042" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-cross-section-sem-adhesion-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26288" alt="stent groove cross section polymer coating thickness adhesion analysis nano scratch testing" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 1: </span>SEM cross-section of a grooved stent showing polymer coating located at the bottom of the groove, highlighting the challenge of coating adhesion measurement in recessed geometries.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-diamond-tip-40-degree-stent-groove-testing.svg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26289" alt="nano scratch diamond tip 40 degree stent groove coating adhesion testing schematic" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 2: </span>Schematic of a 40° conical diamond tip designed for nano scratch testing inside stent grooves, enabling accurate adhesion measurement without sidewall interference.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Sonuçlar ve Tartışma</h2>				</div>
				</div>
					</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 100 μm, comparable to a human hair. Precise positioning is therefore critical to ensure the scratch test is performed at the center of the stent mesh. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester provides X–Y positioning accuracy down to 0.25 μm, enabling accurate test placement under the integrated optical microscope.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="641" data-end="857">Nano scratch testing is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch track on the stent is shown in Fig. 3a, while failure behavior at different stages is presented in Fig. 3b and 3c.</p><p data-start="859" data-end="893">Two critical loads are identified:</p><ul data-start="894" data-end="1061"><li data-section-id="14iz9qw" data-start="894" data-end="972">Lc1: the load at which the first visible damage appears on the coating</li><li data-section-id="1mmzt6b" data-start="973" data-end="1061">Lc2: the load at which the coating is fully removed and the substrate is exposed</li></ul><p data-start="1063" data-end="1226">The evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth is shown in Fig. 4, providing insight into the progression of coating failure during the test.</p><p data-start="1228" data-end="1499">The first signs of coating damage appear at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN. As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a wider and deeper scratch track. During this phase, the COF increases from approximately 0.05 to 0.7.</p><p data-start="1501" data-end="1756">At Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN, the coating is fully delaminated from the metal substrate. Beyond this point, as the load continues to increase, both COF and penetration depth remain relatively stable due to the mechanical support of the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-23d3399 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="23d3399" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="404" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-nano-scratch-track-full-progressive-load.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26293" alt="nano scratch track stent coating progressive load adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Full Scratch Track</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7016a63 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7016a63" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-initial-failure-lc1-nano-scratch-14-5mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26294" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) <strong data-start="599" data-end="616">Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-delamination-lc2-nano-scratch-78-1mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26295" alt="stent coating delamination lc2 nano scratch 78.1 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) <strong data-start="625" data-end="642">Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31f605b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="31f605b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 3: </span>Nano scratch track on a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing (a) full scratch path, (b) initial coating failure at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN, and (c) complete coating delamination at Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN.</p>								</div>
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					</div>
		</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9cfe8c elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c9cfe8c" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1751" height="725" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-stent-coating-failure-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26296" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating coefficient of friction depth progression adhesion failure" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 4: </span>Evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth during nano scratch testing of a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing the progression of coating failure and transition to substrate support.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f9e723a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f9e723a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="246" data-end="537">Failures during nano scratch testing up to a maximum load of 300 mN occur at critical loads below 100 mN. To enable a more quantitative comparison of coating performance, additional tests are performed with a maximum load of 100 mN on two stent samples, referred to as Sample 1 and Sample 2.</p><p data-start="539" data-end="794">Fig. 5 compares the scratch tracks of Sample 1 and Sample 2 after nano scratch testing. Sample 1 exhibits the first sign of coating damage at a critical load of Lc1 ≈ 13.2 mN, while Sample 2 shows initial failure at a higher load of Lc1 ≈ 21.1 mN.</p><p data-start="796" data-end="1002">Coating delamination occurs at 62.5 mN for Sample 1. In contrast, the coating on Sample 2 remains intact throughout the test, continuing to protect the metal substrate under the same loading conditions.</p><p data-start="1004" data-end="1350">This behavior is further reflected in the evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth, as shown in Fig. 6. When the diamond tip penetrates through the coating and contacts the metal substrate in Sample 1, the COF reaches a peak while the penetration depth decreases due to the increased stiffness of the underlying substrate.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample1-early-failure-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26297" alt="stent coating sample 1 early failure nano scratch track delamination adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 1 – Early Coating Failure</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample2-high-adhesion-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26298" alt="stent coating sample 2 high adhesion nano scratch track minimal damage testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) Sample 2 – Improved Coating Integrity</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 5: </span>Comparison of nano scratch tracks for two stent coatings, showing (a) early coating failure and delamination in Sample 1, and (b) improved coating integrity in Sample 2 under the same loading conditions.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="913" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-comparison-stent-coating-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26299" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating COF depth comparison sample 1 sample 2 adhesion performance" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 6: </span>Comparison of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth for Sample 1 and Sample 2 during nano scratch testing, showing earlier substrate contact and higher friction response in Sample 1, indicating weaker coating adhesion.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f64c74c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f64c74c" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8c1a0ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8c1a0ec" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="279" data-end="601">As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the grooved stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 90 μm, comparable to a human hair. The groove has a width of ~50 μm and a depth of 30 μm. This geometry presents a significant challenge for nano scratch testing, particularly for evaluating coating adhesion at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="603" data-end="847">Precise positioning is critical to locate the scratch test within the groove. The nano scratch test is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch tracks of grooved stent Samples 3 and 4 are compared in Fig. 7.</p><p data-start="849" data-end="1108">The critical load Lc is defined as the load at which the coating fails and the substrate becomes exposed. The evolution of normal load and penetration depth, shown in Fig. 8, provides further insight into the progression of coating failure during testing.</p><p data-start="1110" data-end="1331">As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a deeper scratch track. When the critical load Lc is reached, the coating delaminates from the metal substrate.</p><p data-start="1333" data-end="1516">Sample 3 exhibits coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN, while Sample 4 fails at a higher load of Lc ≈ 173 mN. This difference indicates stronger adhesion of the coating in Sample 4.</p><p data-start="1518" data-end="1773">The measured critical loads enable quantitative comparison of coating adhesion performance. Under the same testing conditions, the coating on Sample 4 demonstrates higher resistance to delamination, making it the better-performing candidate in this study.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-failure-sample3-nano-scratch-126mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26300" alt="stent groove coating failure sample 3 nano scratch 126 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) Sample 3 – Coating Failure in Groove (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-high-adhesion-sample4-nano-scratch-173mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26301" alt="stent groove coating adhesion sample 4 nano scratch 173 mN minimal failure testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(d) Sample 4 – Higher Adhesion in Groove (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 7: </span>Nano scratch tracks inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing (c) coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN in Sample 3 and (d) higher adhesion with delayed failure at Lc ≈ 173 mN in Sample 4.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample3-grooved-stent-failure.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26302" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 3 – Earlier Coating Failure (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample4-grooved-stent-high-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26303" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="319" data-end="387">(b) Sample 4 – Delayed Failure and Higher Adhesion (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 8: </span>Evolution of normal load and penetration depth during nano scratch testing inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing earlier coating failure in Sample 3 and delayed failure at higher load in Sample 4. The vertical green line indicates the critical load (Lc) where coating delamination occurs.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Sonuç</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="245" data-end="468">This study demonstrates the ability of the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester to quantitatively evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of polymer coatings on both regular and grooved stent geometries using nano scratch testing.</p><p data-start="470" data-end="825">The recessed geometry of the stent grooves, approximately 50 μm wide and 30 μm deep, presents a significant challenge for coating adhesion measurement. The high X–Y positioning accuracy of 0.25 μm enables precise placement of the scratch test within these confined regions, allowing direct evaluation of coating performance where failure is most critical.</p><p data-start="827" data-end="1124">By applying a controlled, progressively increasing load, critical loads associated with coating failure can be identified and compared across samples. This approach enables reliable differentiation of coating adhesion performance and interfacial integrity, even on small, complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referanslar</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[I] http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stents</em><br /><em>[II] http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402006000300008 </em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is stent coating adhesion testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Stent coating adhesion testing evaluates how strongly a polymer coating is bonded to the metal substrate of a stent. Techniques such as nano scratch testing quantify the load at which coating damage and delamination occur, providing measurable indicators of adhesion strength.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is critical load (Lc) in nano scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="658" data-end="746">Critical load (Lc) is the applied load at which a coating fails during a scratch test.</p><ul data-start="747" data-end="890"><li data-section-id="bhdxv4" data-start="747" data-end="813">Lc1 corresponds to the first visible damage in the coating</li><li data-section-id="4photk" data-start="814" data-end="890">Lc2 indicates complete coating removal and exposure of the substrate</li></ul><p data-start="892" data-end="967">These values are used to quantify and compare coating adhesion performance.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is coating adhesion important in drug-eluting stents?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Coating adhesion directly affects the reliability of drug-eluting stents. Poor adhesion can lead to coating delamination, which may compromise controlled drug release and increase the risk of device failure.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How do you measure coating adhesion inside stent grooves?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Measuring adhesion inside stent grooves requires high positioning accuracy and appropriate indenter geometry. Nano scratch testing with sharp diamond tips allows access to recessed coating regions, enabling direct evaluation of adhesion within complex stent geometries.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does coefficient of friction (COF) indicate in scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">The coefficient of friction (COF) reflects changes in surface interaction during the scratch test. A sudden increase in COF often indicates coating failure and contact between the indenter and the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How can nano scratch testing compare different coating formulations?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Nano scratch testing enables direct comparison of coatings by measuring critical loads under controlled conditions. Higher critical loads indicate stronger adhesion and improved resistance to delamination, allowing selection of better-performing coating systems.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Need Reliable Stent Coating Adhesion Testing?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 21:02:01 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
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		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26196</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Dental Surface Characterization Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry Request Surface Analysis Ask an Expert Live Prepared by Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA Introduction The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="26196" class="elementor elementor-26196" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>Application Note | Dental Surface Characterization</p>								</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26092" alt="Dental surface roughness measurement and 3D molar reconstruction using optical profilometry" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA</p>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Giriş</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at the nanometer scale, enables advanced research and applications in orthodontics and dental materials science. Non-contact optical profilometry provides a precise method for measuring dental surface roughness and analyzing tooth surface morphology without damaging delicate structures. These measurements support the development of composite dental materials that replicate the natural surface roughness of enamel, as well as the design and fabrication of patient-specific dental casts and restorative components.</p><p data-start="1460" data-end="1982">Low surface roughness plays a primary role in limiting bacterial adhesion and plaque formation, thereby reducing the risk of cavities. An increase in average roughness (Ra) above 2 µm leads to a steep increase in biofilm formation in vivo.¹ An Ra of 0.2 µm is considered the threshold value below which no further reduction in bacterial adhesion can be expected.²</p><p data-start="1984" data-end="2182">Reconstruction of the tooth’s 3D surface topography enables the fabrication of dental casts, which are essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and the fabrication of dental appliances.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Non-Contact Optical Profilometry for Dental Surface Analysis</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="232" data-end="713">The present study illustrates the potential of NANOVEA’s high-precision non-contact optical profilometers for dental surface roughness measurement and 3D tooth topography analysis. Chromatic Light technology offers significant advantages over classical touch probe techniques. It acquires data points from deep crevices and complex geometries without introducing measurement errors or artifacts caused by local plastic deformation and without requiring extensive data manipulation.</p><p data-start="715" data-end="1135">Compared to focus variation systems, single-point optical sensing provides superior lateral and height accuracy, with X/Y resolution below 0.5 µm, maximum vertical resolution of 1.9 nm, and the ability to measure surface angles up to 87°. The technique is effective on transparent, opaque, specular, diffusive, polished, and rough dental surfaces, making it well suited for comprehensive dental surface characterization.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin <a href="https://nanovea.com/surface-profiling-lab-services/">non-contact optical profilometry and surface roughness measurement services</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="313" data-end="697">Bu uygulamada <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/jr25/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler</a> was used to analyze the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar previously affected by tooth decay. The side of the tooth was scanned using a PS2–MG140 single-point optical sensor to measure surface roughness parameters over a defined region of interest and along multiple line profiles.</p><p data-start="699" data-end="888">The crown of the tooth was then scanned and reconstructed using a PS5–MG35 single-point optical sensor, which is suited for larger-area acquisition and full 3D tooth topography measurement.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;"><br />NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">JR25 Portable</span><br />Optik Profilometre</p>								</div>
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							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanovea-jr25-portable-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25699" alt="NANOVEA JR25 portable optical profilometer for non-contact surface measurement" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Measurement Using NANOVEA Optical Profilometer</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="914" data-end="1026">Surface roughness measurements were performed on the lateral side of the molar crown, followed by full 3D reconstruction of the crown surface. Separate single-point optical sensors were used to optimize measurement accuracy for both localized roughness analysis and large-area surface topography acquisition.</p>								</div>
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									<p>PS2 – MG140</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/optical-profilometer-dental-surface-roughness-measurement.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26123" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Surface roughness analysis by area and parallel line profiles on the side of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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									<p>PS5 – MG35</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3d-tooth-topography-measurement-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26122" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Full 3D surface reconstruction of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Ölçüm Parametreleri</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The following measurement parameters were used for localized surface roughness analysis and full 3D surface reconstruction of the molar crown using NANOVEA single-point optical sensors.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Area)</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</th><th>Full 3D Reconstruction</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Optical Pen</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS5-MG35</td></tr><tr><td>Z-Range [µm]</td><td>300</td><td>300</td><td>10000</td></tr><tr><td>X-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>3.00</td><td>7.50</td></tr><tr><td>X-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>1.70</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>7.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>100.00</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Average (Avg)</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Measurement Type</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Mode</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Double Frequency</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Rate [Hz]</td><td>200</td><td>200</td><td>100–400</td></tr><tr><td>Light Intensity [%]</td><td>100</td><td>100</td><td>100</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Optical Profilometry Results</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis (Area)</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The PS2 single-point optical sensor was used to investigate fine surface features on the side of the tooth. The image below shows a false-color 2D surface map of the scanned region obtained by non-contact optical profilometry.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1162" height="906" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-scanned-region-2d-height-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26127" alt="False-color 2D height map of scanned tooth surface region" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A least-squares degree-8 polynomial form removal was applied to isolate the surface roughness component. The roughness filters S-Gaussian 2.5 µm and L-Gaussian 0.8 mm were then applied according to ISO 25178. The resulting filtered surface and corresponding roughness parameters are presented below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="950" height="748" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-iso-25178-filtered-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26133" alt="" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-roughness-table-wrapper"><table class="iso-roughness-table"><tbody><!-- Filter Settings --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">ISO 25178 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>F:</strong> [Workflow] Form removed (LS-poly 8)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><!-- Height Parameters Header --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">Height Parameters</td></tr><!-- Height Parameter Rows --><tr><td class="param-code">Sq</td><td>2.433</td><td>µm</td><td>Kök ortalama kare yüksekliği</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Ssk</td><td>-0.102</td><td> </td><td>Çarpıklık</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sku</td><td>3.715</td><td> </td><td>Kurtosis</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sp</td><td>18.861</td><td>µm</td><td>Maksimum tepe yüksekliği</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sv</td><td>16.553</td><td>µm</td><td>Maximum pit depth</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sz</td><td>35.414</td><td>µm</td><td>Maksimum yükseklik</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sa</td><td>1.888</td><td>µm</td><td>Aritmetik ortalama yükseklik</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="117" data-end="216">The average surface roughness Sa is 1.888 µm, while the peak-to-valley height Sz reaches 35.414 µm.</p><p data-start="218" data-end="295">A 3D surface rendering of the filtered area is shown below for visualization.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="892" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-3d-render-iso-filtered.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26129" alt="3D rendering of ISO 25178 filtered tooth surface roughness" />															</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Surface roughness profiles were measured using a series of 11 parallel line scans along the X direction on the side of the tooth. The false-color 2D surface map of the raw scan is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-raw-scan-2d-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26143" alt="False-color 2D raw scan of tooth surface for line roughness profiles" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The surface form was removed using a least-squares 8-degree polynomial prior to applying the metrological filters, leaving the residual surface shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-residual-after-form-removal.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26144" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A statistical analysis of the measured surface roughness profiles reveals the following line roughness parameters.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1670" height="606" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-profile-overlay-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26148" alt="Overlay of multiple tooth surface roughness profiles for statistical analysis" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Hiçbiri</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">5.683</td><td class="center">0.761</td><td class="center">4.315</td><td class="center">6.610</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">6.242</td><td class="center">1.009</td><td class="center">4.701</td><td class="center">8.438</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">11.925</td><td class="center">1.676</td><td class="center">9.123</td><td class="center">15.048</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.063</td><td class="center">0.297</td><td class="center">1.710</td><td class="center">2.629</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.523</td><td class="center">0.361</td><td class="center">2.057</td><td class="center">3.175</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Hiçbiri</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="184" data-end="276">The value of Ra is consistent with the Sa value extracted from the surface area measurement.</p><p data-start="278" data-end="659">Different metrological filters can be applied to distinguish between macroscopic waviness and microscopic surface roughness. For example, a coarser filter cut-off, such as the 8 mm cut-off used with the Robust Gaussian order-2 filter, produces a smoother waviness profile (red) that is less sensitive to sharp local variations and follows the original surface profile more loosely.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1855" height="800" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-waviness-vs-roughness-filter-comparison.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26158" alt="Comparison of waviness and roughness profiles on tooth surface using coarse filter" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Alternatively, a finer cut-off (e.g., 0.08 mm) enables the analysis of micro-roughness by removing the waviness component that follows the original profile at a larger scale, leaving the finer surface roughness features of the tooth visible.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1853" height="790" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-profile-filtering.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26159" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The microroughness analysis obtained using a 0.08 mm L-Gaussian filter is presented below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="431" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-final-profile.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26160" alt="Final microroughness profile of tooth surface after filtering" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7829cdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7829cdd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Hiçbiri</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.08 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (37)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.582</td><td class="center">0.122</td><td class="center">1.342</td><td class="center">1.748</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.466</td><td class="center">0.119</td><td class="center">1.254</td><td class="center">1.661</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">3.049</td><td class="center">0.196</td><td class="center">2.820</td><td class="center">3.409</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.495</td><td class="center">0.047</td><td class="center">0.423</td><td class="center">0.597</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.643</td><td class="center">0.056</td><td class="center">0.562</td><td class="center">0.762</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Hiçbiri</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Full 3D Tooth Surface Topography Reconstruction</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The extended Z-scan range of the PS5 optical sensor enables high-fidelity scanning of the entire tooth crown surface. The resulting 3D surface topography is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="469" height="348" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-crown-surface-topography-3d-optical-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26172" alt="False-color surface topography map of full tooth crown measured with optical profilometer" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">2D VIEW: </span>2D surface map of the tooth crown measured with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="930" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/molar-crown-3d-surface-reconstruction-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26173" alt="3D surface reconstruction of molar crown from optical profilometer scan" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">3D VIEW: </span>High-fidelity 3D rendering of the molar crown surface obtained with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-683f81e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="683f81e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Sonuç</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="401" data-end="560">In this application, the NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler was used to measure the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar.</p><p data-start="562" data-end="922">Both the area scan and the line profile analysis revealed a roughness Rq of approximately 2.5 µm and an Ra of about 1.9–2.0 µm. These values are consistent with results reported in the literature.³ The use of a narrower L-Gaussian filter with an 80 µm cut-off enabled further investigation of micro-roughness, revealing an Rq of 0.643 µm and an Ra of 0.495 µm.</p><p data-start="924" data-end="1270">The full 3D surface topography of the molar crown was reconstructed with high fidelity. The high measurement resolution allows detection of fine surface features and crevices. The resulting surface data can be easily processed and exported as STL files, enabling the design and fabrication of customized dental devices and restorative components.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referanslar</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[1] Shin, B.W., et al. Surface Roughness of Prefabricated Pediatric Zirconia Crowns Following Simulated Toothbrushing. Pediatric Dentistry 44.5 (2022): 363–367.</em><br /><em>[2] Bollen, C.M.L., Paul Lambrechts, and Marc Quirynen. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: A review of the literature. Dental Materials 13.4 (1997): 258–269.</em><br /><em>[3] Suputtamongkol, K., et al. Surface roughness resulting from wear of lithia-disilicate-based posterior crowns. Wear 269.3–4 (2010): 317–322.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Dental Surface Roughness Measurement</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is dental surface roughness measurement?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Dental surface roughness measurement quantifies the microscopic texture of tooth surfaces using parameters such as Ra, Rq, and Sa. Optical profilometers measure these features without contacting the surface, allowing accurate analysis of enamel, restorative materials, and dental crowns.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why use optical profilometry to measure tooth roughness?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Optical profilometry provides non-contact surface measurement with nanometer-scale vertical resolution. It captures 2D surface maps and full 3D surface topography of dental structures without damaging soft or polished surfaces.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What roughness parameters are used for dental surface analysis?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Common roughness parameters include Ra (arithmetic mean roughness), Rq (root mean square roughness), Sa (areal roughness), and Sz (maximum surface height). These parameters help evaluate enamel wear, plaque adhesion risk, and the performance of restorative materials.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is surface roughness important in dentistry?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Surface roughness affects plaque retention, wear resistance, and the long-term performance of dental restorations. Controlling micro-roughness can reduce bacterial adhesion and improve the durability of dental materials.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Telefon Ekran Koruyucularının Çizilme Direnci Testi</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/telefon-ekran-koruyucularinin-cizilmeye-karsi-dayaniklilik-testi/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=scratch-resistance-testing-of-phone-screen-protectors</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/tr/telefon-ekran-koruyucularinin-cizilmeye-karsi-dayaniklilik-testi/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 17:42:04 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Fracture Toughness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scratch Testing | Cohesive Failure]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=25222</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors Prepared by Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza, and Pierre Leroux Understanding Scratch Resistance in Phone Screen Protectors Protective coatings on phone screens play a critical role in scratch resistance, adhesion strength, and long-term durability. Over time, scratches, micro-cracks, and coating delamination can reduce optical clarity and reliability — especially [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/telefon-ekran-koruyucularinin-cizilmeye-karsi-dayaniklilik-testi/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="25222" class="elementor elementor-25222" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Telefon Ekran Koruyucularının Çizilme Direnci Testi</h1>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/cracked-phone-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25259" alt="" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza ve Pierre Leroux</p>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Telefon Ekran Koruyucularında Çizilme Direncini Anlamak</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="327" data-end="820">Telefon ekranlarındaki koruyucu kaplamalar çizilme direnci, yapışma gücü ve uzun süreli dayanıklılık açısından kritik bir rol oynar. Zamanla çizikler, mikro çatlaklar ve kaplama delaminasyonu, özellikle yoğun kullanımlı ortamlarda optik netliği ve güvenilirliği azaltabilir. Farklı ekran koruyucuların mekanik hasara karşı nasıl direnç gösterdiğini değerlendirmek için enstrümanlı çizik testi, yapışma, kohezyon ve kırılma davranışı dahil olmak üzere kaplama arıza mekanizmaları hakkında ölçülebilir bilgiler sağlar.</p><p data-start="822" data-end="1136">Bu çalışmada, <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazı</a> kontrollü aşamalı yükleme altında TPU ve temperli cam ekran koruyucuları karşılaştırmak için kullanılır. Hassas akustik emisyon tespiti kullanarak, kritik arıza yüklerini belirliyor ve her bir malzemenin artan mekanik strese nasıl tepki verdiğini karakterize ediyoruz.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Ekran Koruyucular için Çizilme Direnci Testi Neden Önemlidir?</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">Birçok kullanıcı daha kalın veya daha sert koruyucuların otomatik olarak daha iyi performans gösterdiğini varsayar, ancak gerçek dayanıklılık malzemenin aşamalı yük, yüzey deformasyonu ve lokalize stres altında nasıl davrandığına bağlıdır. Enstrümanlı çizik testi, mühendislerin kaplama yapışmasını, kohezif mukavemeti, yüzey aşınma direncini ve arızaların başladığı veya yayıldığı tam yükleri ölçmesine olanak tanır.</p><p data-start="1622" data-end="1964">Çatlak başlangıç noktalarını, delaminasyon davranışını ve arıza modlarını analiz ederek, üreticiler Ar-Ge, kalite kontrol veya karşılaştırmalı kıyaslama için ekran koruyucu performansını doğrulayabilir. Nano ve mikro çizik testleri, geleneksel sertlik derecelendirmelerinin çok ötesinde gerçek dünya dayanıklılığı hakkında tekrarlanabilir, veriye dayalı bilgiler sunar.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin <a class="decorated-link cursor-pointer" href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/" target="_new" rel="noopener" data-start="2047" data-end="2121">Kaplamalar ve ekran koruyucuları için çizilme ve yapışma testi hizmetleri.</a></em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çizik Testi Amaç: <br>Ekran Koruyuculardaki Arıza Yüklerinin Ölçülmesi</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1702" data-end="2144">Bu çalışmanın amacı, NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazının hem polimerik hem de cam ekran koruyucular üzerinde tekrarlanabilir, standartlaştırılmış çizilme direnci testlerini nasıl gerçekleştirdiğini göstermektir. Sistem, uygulanan yükü kademeli olarak artırarak kohezif ve yapışkan arızası için kritik yükleri tespit eder, akustik emisyon sinyallerini yakalar ve bu olayları çizik derinliği, sürtünme kuvveti ve yüzey deformasyonu ile ilişkilendirir.</p><p data-start="2146" data-end="2656">Bu metodoloji, her bir koruyucu kaplamanın eksiksiz bir mekanik profilini sunarak üreticilerin ve Ar-Ge ekiplerinin malzeme formülasyonlarını, kaplama yapışma gücünü, yüzey dayanıklılığını ve gelişmiş ürün performansı için optimum kaplama kalınlığını değerlendirmelerine olanak tanır. Bu çizik değerlendirmeleri, NANOVEA'nın daha geniş kapsamlı <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">mekani̇k test çözümleri̇</a> Ar-Ge, kalite kontrol ve üretim ortamlarında kaplamaları, filmleri ve alt tabakaları karakterize etmek için kullanılır.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #1b96cf;">PB1000 Büyük Platform</span><br />Mekanik Test Cihazı</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çizik Testi Parametreleri ve Cihaz Kurulumu</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">TPU ve temperli cam ekran koruyucuların çizilme direnci değerlendirmesi, tekrarlanabilirlik ve doğru arıza-yük tespiti sağlamak için kontrollü koşullar altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aşağıdaki parametreler, NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazında kullanılan aşamalı yük çizik testi kurulumunu tanımlamaktadır.</p>								</div>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50.0898%; padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;">YÜK TİPİ</td>
<td style="width: 49.9102%; padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;">İLERLEYİCİ</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">İLK YÜK</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">0.1 N</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">SON YÜK</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">12 N</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">KAYMA HIZI</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3.025 mm/dak</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">KAYAN MESAFE</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">GIRINTI GEOMETRISI</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">ROCKWELL (120° KONI)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">GIRINTI MALZEMESI (UÇ)</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">ELMAS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">GIRINTI UCU YARIÇAPI</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">50 µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">ATMOSFER</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">HAVA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">SICAKLIK</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">24 °C (ODA SICAKLIĞI)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLO 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> <span class="fontstyle0">Çizik testi için kullanılan test parametreleri</span> <br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="658" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-mechanical-tester-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25228" alt="NANOVEA PB1000 mekanik test cihazında çizilme testine tabi tutulan ekran koruyucu örneği" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8e1a70e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8e1a70e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>Aşamalı yük çizik ölçümü sırasında NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazına monte edilmiş ekran koruyucu örneği.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
		<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f60fe4c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="f60fe4c" data-element_type="container">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çizilme Direnci Testi için Kullanılan Ekran Koruyucu Örnekleri</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="339" data-end="686">Çizilme direnci, arıza davranışı ve mekanik dayanıklılık açısından farklılıkları karşılaştırmak için piyasada bulunan iki ekran koruyucu malzeme seçilmiştir. Her iki numune de NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazına güvenli bir şekilde monte edildi ve tutarlı ve tarafsız bir karşılaştırma sağlamak için aynı aşamalı yük koşulları altında değerlendirildi.</p><p data-start="688" data-end="1108">TPU ekran koruyucu, yüksek elastikiyete sahip ancak daha düşük aşınma direncine sahip esnek bir polimerik filmi temsil ederken, temperli cam koruyucu, yüksek sertlik ve gelişmiş darbe koruması için tasarlanmış sert, kırılgan bir malzemeyi temsil eder. Her iki malzemenin de aynı yük profili altında test edilmesi, malzeme bileşimi, elastikiyet ve sertliğin çizilme hatası modlarını nasıl etkilediğinin net bir şekilde değerlendirilmesini sağlar.</p>								</div>
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									<p>TPU Ekran Koruyucu</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tpu-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25234" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Temperli Cam</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tempered-glass-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25233" alt="" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a98ee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7a98ee7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> TPU ve temperli cam ekran koruyucuları çizilme direnci testi için hazırlanmıştır.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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				</div>
					</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çizilme Testi Sonuçları: TPU ve Temperli Cam Ekran Koruyuculardaki Arıza Modları</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 75%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">EKRAN KORUYUCU TÜRÜ</td><td style="padding: 8px;">KRITIK YÜK #1 (N)</td><td style="padding: 8px;">KRITIK YÜK #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">TPU</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">n/a</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">2.004 ± 0.063</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">TEMPERLİ CAM</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.608 ± 0.281</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">7.44 ± 0.995</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLO 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Her bir ekran koruyucu örneği için kritik yüklerin özeti.</span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1be118e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1be118e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">TPU ve temperli cam ekran koruyucuları temelde farklı mekanik özelliklere sahip olduğundan, her numune aşamalı yük çizik testi sırasında farklı arıza modları ve kritik yük eşikleri sergilemiştir. Tablo 2, her bir malzeme için ölçülen kritik yükleri özetlemektedir.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">Kritik Yük #1, çatlak başlangıcı veya radyal kırılma gibi optik mikroskop altında gözlemlenebilen ilk kohezif arıza noktasını temsil eder.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">Kritik Yük #2, akustik emisyon (AE) izleme yoluyla tespit edilen ilk büyük olaya karşılık gelir ve tipik olarak daha büyük bir yapısal arıza veya penetrasyon olayını temsil eder.</p><h3 data-start="1188" data-end="1246"><strong data-start="1192" data-end="1244">TPU Ekran Koruyucu - Esnek Polimer Davranışı</strong></h3><p data-start="1247" data-end="1487">TPU ekran koruyucusu yalnızca bir önemli kritik olay sergilemiştir (Kritik Yük #2). Bu yük, çizik izi boyunca filmin telefon ekranı yüzeyinden kalkmaya, soyulmaya veya ayrılmaya başladığı noktaya karşılık gelmektedir.</p><p data-start="1489" data-end="1789">Kritik Yük #2 (≈2,00 N) aşıldığında, girinti testin geri kalanı boyunca doğrudan telefon ekranında görünür bir çiziğe neden olacak kadar nüfuz etmiştir. Malzemenin yüksek elastikiyeti ve düşük kohezif mukavemeti ile tutarlı olarak ayrı bir Kritik Yük #1 olayı tespit edilememiştir.</p><h3 data-start="1796" data-end="1864"><strong data-start="1800" data-end="1862">Temperli Cam Ekran Koruyucu - Kırılgan Arıza Davranışı</strong></h3><p data-start="1865" data-end="1977">Temperli cam ekran koruyucu, kırılgan malzemelerin karakteristiği olan iki farklı kritik yük göstermiştir:</p><ul data-start="1979" data-end="2284"><li data-start="1979" data-end="2142"><p data-start="1981" data-end="2142">Kritik Yük #1 (≈3,61 N): Mikroskop altında radyal kırılmalar ve çatlak başlangıcı gözlenmiştir, bu da cam tabakanın erken kohezif bozulmasına işaret etmektedir.</p></li><li data-start="2143" data-end="2284"><p data-start="2145" data-end="2284">Kritik Yük #2 (≈7,44 N): Büyük bir AE yükselmesi ve çizik derinliğinde keskin bir artış, daha yüksek yüklerde koruyucu penetrasyonunu göstermiştir.</p></li></ul><p data-start="2286" data-end="2495">AE büyüklüğü TPU'dan daha yüksek olmasına rağmen, telefon ekranına herhangi bir hasar aktarılmamıştır, bu da temperli cam koruyucunun yıkıcı arızadan önce yükü emme ve dağıtma yeteneğini göstermektedir.</p><p data-start="2497" data-end="2665">Her iki malzemede de Kritik Yük #2, girintinin ekran koruyucuyu kırdığı ana karşılık gelerek her bir numunenin koruyucu limitini doğrulamıştır.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b58c652 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b58c652" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TPU Ekran Koruyucu: Çizilme Testi Verileri ve Arıza Analizi</h3>				</div>
				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 50%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">SCRATCH</td><td style="padding: 8px;">KRITIK YÜK #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.033</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.047</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1.931</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">ORTALAMA</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.003</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">STANDART SAPMA</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.052</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLO 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> TPU ekran koruyucu çizilme testi sırasında ölçülen kritik yükler.</span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25239" alt="NANOVEA mekanik test cihazında test edilen TPU ekran koruyucu için sürtünme, normal kuvvet, akustik emisyonlar ve çizik uzunluğuna karşı derinliği gösteren grafik." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> TPU ekran koruyucu için sürtünme kuvveti, normal yük, akustik emisyon (AE) ve çizik derinliği ile çizik uzunluğu. <span class="fontstyle0">(B) Kritik Yük #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-2-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25240" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> TPU ekran koruyucunun Kritik Yük #2'deki optik mikroskopi görüntüsü (5× büyütme; görüntü genişliği 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="256" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-full-length-image.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25241" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> TPU ekran koruyucunun aşamalı yük testinin ardından çizik izinin tamamını gösteren tam boy çizik sonrası görüntüsü.</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"><br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b076c23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b076c23" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Temperli Cam Ekran Koruyucu: Kritik Yük Verileri ve Kırılma Davranışı</h3>				</div>
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<tbody>
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<td style="padding: 8px;">SCRATCH</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">KRITIK YÜK #1 (N)</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">KRITIK YÜK #2 (N)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.923</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">7.366</td>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.382</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.483</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.519</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">8.468</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">ORTALAMA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.653</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.925</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">STANDART SAPMA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.383</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.624</td>
</tr>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABLO 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Temperli cam ekran koruyucu çizilme testi sırasında ölçülen kritik yükler.</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Silikat olmayan polimer kaplamalarla karşılaştırma için aşağıdaki çalışmamıza bakınız <a href="https://nanovea.com/ptfe-coating-wear-test/">PTFE kaplama aşınma testi</a>Bu, benzer aşamalı yük koşulları altında düşük sürtünmeli polimer filmlerdeki arıza davranışını vurgulamaktadır.</em></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25242" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Temperli cam ekran koruyucu için sürtünme kuvveti, normal yük, akustik emisyon (AE) ve çizik derinliğine karşı çizik uzunluğu. <span class="fontstyle0">(A) Kritik Yük #1 (B) Kritik Yük #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a66761a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="a66761a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="380" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25243" alt="NANOVEA mekanik test cihazı kullanılarak 5x büyütmede çizilme testi sırasında temperli cam ekran koruyucu üzerindeki Kritik Yük #1 ve Kritik Yük #2 arıza konumlarını gösteren optik mikroskopi görüntüleri." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 6:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Kritik Yük #1 (solda) ve Kritik Yük #2 (sağda) için arıza yerlerini 5× büyütmede gösteren optik mikroskopi görüntüleri (görüntü genişliği: 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="252" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25244" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">ŞEKİL 7:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Aşamalı yük testinin ardından kırılma başlangıcını (CL#1) ve son penetrasyon bölgesini (CL#2) vurgulayan temperli cam çizik izinin test sonrası optik mikroskopi görüntüsü.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Sonuç: TPU ve Temperli Cam Ekran Koruyucuların Çizilme Performansı Karşılaştırması</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843">Bu çalışma, NANOVEA PB1000 Mekanik Test Cihazının aşamalı yükleme ve akustik emisyon (AE) tespiti kullanarak nasıl kontrollü, tekrarlanabilir ve son derece hassas çizilme direnci ölçümleri sağladığını göstermektedir. Sistem, hem yapışkan hem de yapışkan arıza olaylarını hassas bir şekilde yakalayarak, TPU ve temperli cam ekran koruyucuların artan mekanik stres altında nasıl davrandıklarının net bir şekilde karşılaştırılmasını sağlar.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Deneysel sonuçlar, temperli camın TPU'dan önemli ölçüde daha yüksek kritik yükler sergilediğini, üstün çizilme direnci, gecikmeli kırılma başlangıcı ve girinti penetrasyonuna karşı güvenilir koruma sağladığını doğrulamaktadır. TPU'nun daha düşük kohezif mukavemeti ve daha erken delaminasyonu, yüksek stresli ortamlardaki sınırlamalarını vurgulamaktadır.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Arıza yüklerini belirledikten sonra, ortaya çıkan çizik izleri de bir <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">temassız 3D optik profilometre</a> oluk derinliğini, artık deformasyonu ve çizik sonrası topografyayı ölçmek için. Bu, her bir malzemenin mekanik profilinin tamamlanmasına yardımcı olur.</p><p data-start="1190" data-end="1564">NANOVEA Mekanik Test Cihazı, doğru ve tekrarlanabilir girinti, çizik ve aşınma testleri için tasarlanmıştır ve ISO ve ASTM uyumlu nano ve mikro modülleri destekler. Çok yönlülüğü onu Ar-Ge, üretim ve kalite kontrol alanlarında ince filmlerin, kaplamaların, polimerlerin, camların ve alt tabakaların tüm mekanik profilini değerlendirmek için ideal bir çözüm haline getirir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Sıkça Sorulan Sorular <br> Çizilme Direnci Testi Hakkında</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çizilme direnci testi nedir?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Çizilme direnci testi, bir elmas uç giderek artan bir yük uyguladığında bir malzemenin veya kaplamanın nasıl tepki verdiğini değerlendirir. Test, kohezif veya yapışkan arızaların meydana geldiği kritik yükleri belirleyerek dayanıklılık, yapışma gücü ve yüzey hasarına karşı direncin ölçülebilir bir ölçüsünü sağlar.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Kohezif ve adhezif arıza arasındaki fark nedir?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Kohezif arıza meydana gelir <em data-start="840" data-end="848">içinde</em> Çatlama, yırtılma veya içten kırılma gibi kaplama veya malzeme.<br data-start="921" data-end="924" />Yapıştırıcı arızası, kaplama alt tabakadan ayrıldığında meydana gelir ve bu da yetersiz bağlanma gücünü gösterir.</p><p data-start="168" data-end="494">NANOVEA PB1000, senkronize akustik emisyon izleme, çizik derinliği izleme ve sürtünme analizi kullanarak her ikisini de tespit eder.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Neden manuel yöntemler yerine mekanik bir test cihazı kullanmalısınız?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">NANOVEA PB1000 gibi mekanik bir test cihazı hassas, tekrarlanabilir ve standartlaştırılmış ölçümler sağlayarak Ar-Ge, üretim doğrulama ve kalite kontrol için güvenilir veriler sağlar. Ayrıca akustik emisyon algılama ve gerçek zamanlı derinlik izleme gibi manuel yöntemlerin sağlayamayacağı gelişmiş özellikler sunar.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Malzemeleriniz için Güvenilir Çizilme Testine mi İhtiyacınız Var?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/telefon-ekran-koruyucularinin-cizilmeye-karsi-dayaniklilik-testi/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Yüksek Sıcaklıkta Yerinde Aşınma Ölçümü</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/yuksek-sicaklikta-yerinde-asinma-olcumu/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=in-situ-wear-measurement-at-high-temperature</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>29 Aralık 2020 Salı 22:20:45 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[High Temperature Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rotational Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=10121</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>IN SITU WEAR MEASUREMENT AT HIGH TEMPERATURE USING TRIBOMETER Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD INTRODUCTION The Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) is a type of robust electrical transformer used to measure linear displacement. It has been widely used in a variety of industrial applications, including power turbines, hydraulics, automation, aircraft, satellites, nuclear reactors, and many [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/yuksek-sicaklikta-yerinde-asinma-olcumu/">In Situ Wear Measurement at High Temperature</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="10121" class="elementor elementor-10121" data-elementor-post-type="post">
						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-671fe32 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="671fe32" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">YERINDE AŞINMA ÖLÇÜMÜ
YÜKSEK SICAKLIKTA</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TRIBOMETRE KULLANARAK</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="302" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/IN-SITU-WEAR-MEASUREMENT-Aerospace-Tribology.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9629" alt="YERİNDE AŞINMA ÖLÇÜMÜ Havacılık ve Uzay Tribometresi" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Doğrusal Değişken Diferansiyel Transformatör (LVDT), doğrusal yer değiştirmeyi ölçmek için kullanılan bir tür sağlam elektrik transformatörüdür. Güç türbinleri, hidrolik, otomasyon, uçak, uydular, nükleer reaktörler ve diğerleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli endüstriyel uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır.</p>
<p>Bu çalışmamızda NANOVEA&#039;nın LVDT ve yüksek sıcaklık modüllerinin eklentilerine yer verdik. <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribometre</a> bu, test edilen numunenin aşınma izi derinliğindeki değişikliğin, yüksek sıcaklıklardaki aşınma işlemi sırasında ölçülmesine olanak tanır. Bu, kullanıcıların aşınma sürecinin farklı aşamalarını COF&#039;nin gelişimi ile ilişkilendirmesine olanak tanır; bu, yüksek sıcaklık uygulamaları için aşınma mekanizmasının ve malzemelerin tribolojik özelliklerinin temel anlayışının geliştirilmesinde kritik öneme sahiptir.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</p>								</div>
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									<p><i>Bu çalışmada, NANOVEA T50 Tribometre'nin yüksek sıcaklıklarda malzemelerin aşınma sürecinin gelişimini yerinde izleme kapasitesini sergilemek istiyoruz.</i></p><p><i>Alümina silikat seramiğin farklı sıcaklıklardaki aşınma süreci kontrollü ve izlenebilir bir şekilde simüle edilmiştir.</i></p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>T50</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50/">
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									<p>Alümina silikat seramik plakaların tribolojik davranışı, örneğin sürtünme katsayısı, COF ve aşınma direnci NANOVEA Tribometre ile değerlendirilmiştir. Alümina silikat seramik plaka, oda sıcaklığından (RT) yüksek sıcaklıklara (400°C ve 800°C) kadar bir fırın ile ısıtılmış ve ardından bu sıcaklıklarda aşınma testleri yapılmıştır. </p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Karşılaştırma için, aşınma testleri numune 800°C'den 400°C'ye ve ardından oda sıcaklığına soğutulduğunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Test edilen numunelere bir AI2O3 bilye ucu (6 mm çap, Sınıf 100) uygulanmıştır. COF, aşınma derinliği ve sıcaklık yerinde izlenmiştir.</span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>TEST PARAMETRELERI</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">pin-on-disk ölçümünün</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="783" height="150" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Test-parameters-of-the-pin-on-disk-measurement-09.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9647" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="461" height="436" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Tribometer-Sample-LVDT.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9644" alt="Tribometre LVDT Örneği" />															</div>
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									<p>Aşınma oranı, K, K=V/(Fxs)=A/(Fxn) formülü kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir; burada V aşınan hacim, F normal yük, s kayma mesafesi, A aşınma izinin kesit alanı ve n devir sayısıdır. Yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve aşınma izi profilleri NANOVEA Optik Profilleyici ile değerlendirilmiş ve aşınma izi morfolojisi optik mikroskop kullanılarak incelenmiştir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇLAR &amp; TARTIŞMA</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Yerinde kaydedilen COF ve aşınma izi derinliği sırasıyla ŞEKİL 1 ve ŞEKİL 2'de gösterilmektedir. ŞEKİL 1'de "-I", sıcaklık RT'den yüksek bir sıcaklığa çıkarıldığında gerçekleştirilen testi göstermektedir. "-D" 800°C'lik daha yüksek bir sıcaklıktan düşürülen sıcaklığı temsil etmektedir.</p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">ŞEKİL 1'de gösterildiği gibi, farklı sıcaklıklarda test edilen numuneler, ölçümler boyunca ~0,6'lık karşılaştırılabilir bir COF sergilemektedir. Bu kadar yüksek bir COF, önemli miktarda döküntü oluşturan hızlandırılmış bir aşınma sürecine yol açar. Aşınma izi derinliği, aşınma testleri sırasında ŞEKİL 2'de gösterildiği gibi LVDT ile izlenmiştir. Numune ısıtılmadan önce oda sıcaklığında ve numune soğutulduktan sonra yapılan testler, alümina silikat seramik plakanın RT'de aşamalı bir aşınma süreci sergilediğini, aşınma izi derinliğinin aşınma testi boyunca kademeli olarak sırasıyla ~170 ve ~150 μm'ye yükseldiğini göstermektedir. </span></p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Buna karşılık, yüksek sıcaklıklardaki (400°C ve 800°C) aşınma testleri farklı bir aşınma davranışı sergilemektedir - aşınma izi derinliği aşınma sürecinin başında hızla artmakta ve test devam ettikçe yavaşlamaktadır. 400°C-I, 800°C ve 400°C-D sıcaklıklarında gerçekleştirilen testler için aşınma izi derinlikleri sırasıyla ~140, ~350 ve ~210 μm'dir.</span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="785" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Coefficient-of-Friction-during-pin-on-desk-Tests-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9954" alt="Farklı sıcaklıklarda pin-on-desk Testleri sırasında COF" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>ŞEKİL 1. </i></b>
<span>Farklı sıcaklıklarda pin-on-disk testleri sırasında Sürtünme Katsayısı</span></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="799" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Evolution-of-wear-track-depth-of-the-alumina-silicate-ceramic-plate-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9955" alt="Farklı sıcaklıklarda alümina silikat seramik plakanın aşınma izi derinliği" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>ŞEKİL 2. </i></b>
<span>Farklı sıcaklıklarda alümina silikat seramik plakanın aşınma izi derinliğinin evrimi</span> 
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									<p>Alümina silikat seramik plakaların farklı sıcaklıklardaki ortalama aşınma oranı ve aşınma izi derinliği <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Optical Profiler'da özetlendiği gibi <b><i>ŞEKİL 3</i></b>. Aşınma izi derinliği LVDT kullanılarak kaydedilenle uyumludur. Alümina silikat seramik plaka, 400°C'nin altındaki sıcaklıklarda 0,2mm3/N'nin altındaki aşınma oranlarına kıyasla 800°C'de ~0,5 mm3/Nm'lik önemli ölçüde artmış bir aşınma oranı göstermektedir. Alümina silikat seramik plaka, kısa ısıtma işleminden sonra önemli ölçüde gelişmiş mekanik/tribolojik özellikler sergilememekte, ısıl işlemden önce ve sonra karşılaştırılabilir bir aşınma oranına sahip olmaktadır.</p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Lav ve harika taş olarak da bilinen alümina silikat seramik, ısıtma işleminden önce yumuşak ve işlenebilirdir. 1093°C'ye kadar yüksek sıcaklıklarda uzun bir fırınlama işlemi, sertliğini ve mukavemetini önemli ölçüde artırabilir, ardından elmas işleme gerekir. Böylesine benzersiz bir özellik, alümina silikat seramiği heykeltıraşlık için ideal bir malzeme haline getirir.</span></p><p>Bu çalışmada, kısa sürede fırınlama için gerekli olandan daha düşük bir sıcaklıkta (800°C'ye karşı 1093°C) ısıl işlemin alümina silikat seramiğin mekanik ve tribolojik özelliklerini iyileştirmediğini ve bu malzemenin gerçek uygulamalarda kullanılmadan önce uygun şekilde fırınlanmasını gerekli bir işlem haline getirdiğini gösteriyoruz.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1687" height="1211" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Wear-rate-and-wear-track-depth-of-the-sample-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9962" alt="Farklı sıcaklıklarda numunenin aşınma oranı ve aşınma izi derinliği 1" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>ŞEKİL 3. </i></b>
Farklı sıcaklıklarda numunenin aşınma oranı ve aşınma izi derinliği</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu çalışmadaki kapsamlı tribolojik analize dayanarak, alümina silikat seramik plakanın oda sıcaklığından 800°C'ye kadar farklı sıcaklıklarda karşılaştırılabilir sürtünme katsayısı sergilediğini gösteriyoruz. Bununla birlikte, 800°C'de ~0,5 mm3/Nm'lik önemli ölçüde artan bir aşınma oranı göstererek bu seramiğin uygun ısıl işleminin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.</p><p>NANOVEA Tribometreleri, 1000°C'ye kadar yüksek sıcaklıklardaki uygulamalar için malzemelerin tribolojik özelliklerini değerlendirebilmektedir. Yerinde COF ve aşınma izi derinliği ölçümlerinin işlevi, kullanıcıların aşınma sürecinin farklı aşamalarını COF'un evrimi ile ilişkilendirmesine olanak tanır; bu, yüksek sıcaklıklarda kullanılan malzemelerin aşınma mekanizmasının ve tribolojik özelliklerinin temel anlayışını geliştirmede kritik öneme sahiptir.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA Tribometreleri, ISO ve ASTM uyumlu rotatif ve lineer modları kullanarak hassas ve tekrarlanabilir aşınma ve sürtünme testleri sunar ve isteğe bağlı yüksek sıcaklık aşınması, yağlama ve tribo-korozyon modülleri önceden entegre edilmiş tek bir sistemde mevcuttur. NANOVEA'nın eşsiz ürün yelpazesi, ince veya kalın, yumuşak veya sert kaplamaların, filmlerin ve alt tabakaların tüm tribolojik özelliklerini belirlemek için ideal bir çözümdür.</p><p>Pürüzlülük gibi diğer yüzey ölçümlerine ek olarak aşınma izlerinin yüksek çözünürlüklü 3D görüntülemesi için isteğe bağlı 3D Temassız Profilleyiciler mevcuttur.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="546" height="308" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/IN-SITU-WEAR-MEASUREMENT-1-1.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9973" alt="YERINDE AŞINMA ÖLÇÜMÜ" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">ŞIMDI BIR UZMANLA GÖRÜŞÜN</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">FİYATLANDIRMA VE DETAYLARI HIZLI ALIN</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/yuksek-sicaklikta-yerinde-asinma-olcumu/">In Situ Wear Measurement at High Temperature</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>3D Optik Profilleyici Kullanarak Balık Pulu Yüzey Analizi</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/tr/fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>29 Aralık 2020 Salı 02:56:37 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Step Height and Thickness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Volume and Area]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=10003</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>3D Optik Profilleyici Kullanarak Balık Pulu Yüzey Analizi Daha fazla bilgi</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler/">Fish Scale Surface Analysis Using 3D Optical Profiler</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="10003" class="elementor elementor-10003" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>3D Optik Profilleyici Kullanarak Balık Pulu Yüzey Analizi</p><p>Daha fazla bilgi edinin</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27b38a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="27b38a4" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">BALIK PULU YÜZEY ANALIZI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">3D OPTİK PROFİLLEYİCİ kullanarak</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="290" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometry-08.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-10005" alt="Balık Pulu profilometresi" />															</div>
				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrea Novitsky</h2>				</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Balık pulunun morfolojisi, desenleri ve diğer özellikleri NANOVEA kullanılarak incelenir <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">3D Temassız Optik Profil Oluşturucu</a>. Bu biyolojik numunenin hassas doğası ve çok küçük ve yüksek açılı oyukları, profil oluşturucunun temassız tekniğinin önemini de vurgulamaktadır. Ölçekteki oluklara circuli denir ve balığın yaşını tahmin etmek için incelenebilir ve hatta bir ağacın halkalarına benzer şekilde farklı büyüme hızlarının olduğu dönemleri ayırt etmek için incelenebilir. Bu, aşırı avlanmayı önlemek amacıyla yabani balık popülasyonlarının yönetimi açısından çok önemli bir bilgidir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">BİYOLOJİK ÇALIŞMALAR İÇİN 3D Temassız Profilometrinin Önemi</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Dokunma probları veya interferometri gibi diğer tekniklerin aksine, eksenel kromatizma kullanan 3D Temassız Optik Profilleyici neredeyse her yüzeyi ölçebilir. Açık evreleme sayesinde numune boyutları büyük ölçüde değişebilir ve numune hazırlığı gerekmez. Nano ila makro aralıktaki özellikler, numune yansıtıcılığı veya emiliminden sıfır etkilenen bir yüzey profili ölçümü sırasında elde edilir. Cihaz, sonuçlarda yazılım manipülasyonu olmadan yüksek yüzey açılarını ölçmek için gelişmiş bir yetenek sağlar. Şeffaf, opak, speküler, difüzif, cilalı veya pürüzlü olsun, her türlü malzeme kolayca ölçülebilir. Bu teknik, birleşik 2D ve 3D özelliklerinin avantajlarının yanı sıra yüzey çalışmalarını en üst düzeye çıkarmak için ideal, geniş ve kullanıcı dostu bir yetenek sağlar.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</p>								</div>
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									<p>Bu uygulamada, bir terazinin yüzeyinin kapsamlı analizini sağlayan, yüksek hızlı sensöre sahip 3D Temassız Profilleyici NANOVEA ST400'ü sergiliyoruz.</p><p>Cihaz, merkez alanın daha yüksek çözünürlüklü bir taramasıyla birlikte tüm numuneyi taramak için kullanılmıştır. Karşılaştırma için ölçeğin dış ve iç yan yüzey pürüzlülüğü de ölçülmüştür.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>ST400</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/st400/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="808" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-Optical-Profilometry-ST400.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9556" alt="" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Dış Ölçeğin 3D ve 2D Yüzey Karakterizasyonu</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Dış ölçeğin 3D Görünümü ve Yanlış Renk Görünümü, parmak izine veya bir ağacın halkalarına benzer karmaşık bir yapı gösterir. Bu, kullanıcılara kantarın yüzey karakterizasyonunu farklı açılardan doğrudan gözlemlemek için basit bir araç sağlar. Dış kantarın diğer çeşitli ölçümleri, kantarın dış ve iç tarafının karşılaştırılmasıyla birlikte gösterilmektedir.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="519" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-False-Color.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10009" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="466" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-3D-View.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10010" alt="Balık Pulu Tarama 3D Görünüm Profilometresi" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="687" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometry-Scan.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10011" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="430" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-Volume.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10014" alt="Balık Pulu Tarama Hacmi 3D Profilometre" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="340" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-Step-Height.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10015" alt="Balık Ölçeği Tarama Adım Yüksekliği 3D Optik Profilleyici" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ KARŞILAŞTIRMASI</span> <br style="font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;line-height: normal;text-align: -webkit-auto;text-transform: none"></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="424" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-3D-Scan.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10016" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="380" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometer-3D-Scan.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10017" alt="Balık Pulu Profilometresi 3D Tarama" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu uygulamada, NANOVEA 3D Temassız Optik Profilleyicinin bir balık pulunu çeşitli şekillerde nasıl karakterize edebileceğini gösterdik. </p><p>Pulun dış ve iç yüzeyleri, sırasıyla 15,92μm ve 1,56μm pürüzlülük değerleri ile yalnızca yüzey pürüzlülüğü ile kolayca ayırt edilebilir. Ayrıca, pulun dış yüzeyindeki oluklar veya sirküller analiz edilerek bir balık pulu hakkında kesin ve doğru bilgiler edinilebilir. Sirkül bantlarının merkez odaktan uzaklığı ölçülmüş ve sirküllerin yüksekliğinin de ortalama olarak yaklaşık 58μm yüksekliğinde olduğu bulunmuştur. </p><p>Burada gösterilen veriler, analiz yazılımında mevcut olan hesaplamaların yalnızca bir kısmını temsil etmektedir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">ŞIMDI BIR UZMANLA GÖRÜŞÜN</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">FİYATLANDIRMA VE DETAYLARI HIZLI ALIN</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler/">Fish Scale Surface Analysis Using 3D Optical Profiler</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Polimer Üzerinde Dinamik Mekanik Analiz (DMA) Frekans Taraması</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/dinamik-mekanik-analiz-frekans-supurme-polimer-uzerinde/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/tr/dinamik-mekanik-analiz-frekans-supurme-polimer-uzerinde/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>13 Kasım 2020 Cum 00:21:49 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Hardness and Elastic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Loss and Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9335</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>DMA FREQUENCY SWEEP ON POLYMER USING NANOINDENTATION Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD INTRODUCTION IMPORTANCE OF DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS FREQUENCY SWEEP TEST The changing frequency of the stress often leads to variations in the complex modulus, which is a critical mechanical property of polymers. For example, tires are subjected to cyclical high deformations when vehicles are [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/dinamik-mekanik-analiz-frekans-supurme-polimer-uzerinde/">Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Frequency Sweep on Polymer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9335" class="elementor elementor-9335" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DMA FREKANS TARAMASI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">NANOINDENTASYON KULLANARAK POLIMER ÜZERINDE</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="282" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/DMA-FREQUENCY-SWEEP-on-Polymer-Nanoindentation.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9336" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DİNAMİK MEKANİK ANALİZ FREKANS TARAMA TESTİNİN ÖNEMİ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Gerilimin değişen frekansı sıklıkla polimerlerin kritik bir mekanik özelliği olan karmaşık modülde değişikliklere yol açar. Örneğin, araçlar yolda giderken lastikler döngüsel olarak yüksek deformasyonlara maruz kalır. Araç daha yüksek hızlara çıktıkça basınç ve deformasyonun sıklığı değişir. Böyle bir değişiklik, otomobilin performansında önemli faktörler olan lastiğin viskoelastik özelliklerinde değişikliğe neden olabilir. Polimerlerin farklı frekanslardaki viskoelastik davranışının güvenilir ve tekrarlanabilir bir testine ihtiyaç vardır. NANOVEA&#039;nın Nano modülü <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">Mekanik Test Cihazı </a>Yüksek hassasiyetli bir piezo aktüatör aracılığıyla sinüzoidal yük oluşturur ve ultra hassas yük hücresi ve kapasitör kullanarak kuvvet ve yer değiştirme gelişimini doğrudan ölçer. Kolay kurulum ve yüksek doğruluğun birleşimi, onu Dinamik Mekanik Analiz frekans taraması için ideal bir araç haline getirir.</p>								</div>
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									<p>Viskoelastik malzemeler deformasyona uğradıklarında hem viskoz hem de elastik özellikler sergilerler. Polimer malzemelerdeki uzun moleküler zincirler, benzersiz viskoelastik özelliklerine, yani hem elastik katıların hem de Newton sıvılarının özelliklerinin bir kombinasyonuna katkıda bulunur. Stres, sıcaklık, frekans ve diğer faktörlerin tümü viskoelastik özelliklerde rol oynar. DMA olarak da bilinen Dinamik Mekanik Analiz, sinüzoidal bir stres uygulayarak ve gerinim değişimini ölçerek malzemenin viskoelastik davranışını ve karmaşık modülünü inceler.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</p>								</div>
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									<p><em>Bu uygulamada, En Güçlü Mekanik Test Cihazı NANOVEA PB1000&#039;i kullanarak farklı DMA frekanslarında cilalanmış bir lastik numunesinin viskoelastik özelliklerini inceliyoruz. <a href="https://nanovea.com/nano-indentation-tester/">Nanoindentasyon</a> Mod.</em></p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>PB1000</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="750" height="804" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-PB1000-scratch-test-and-indentation.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9934" alt="nanoindenter ve çizik test cihazı Nanovea PB1000" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>0.1, 1.5, 10, 20</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HER FREKANSTA SÜRÜNME SÜRESI.</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">50 saniye</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SALINIM GERILIMI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">0.1 V</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">YÜKLEME GERILIMI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1 V</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">girinti tipi</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Küresel</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Elmas | 100 μm</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="270" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Tire-Sample-Lab-Testing-DMA.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9339" alt="" />															</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>SONUÇLAR &amp; TARTIŞMA</i></h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e182068 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e182068" data-element_type="section">
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									<p>Maksimum yükte Dinamik Mekanik Analiz frekans taraması, tek bir testte farklı yükleme frekanslarında numunenin viskoelastik özelliklerinin hızlı ve basit bir şekilde ölçülmesini sağlar. Farklı frekanslardaki yük ve yer değiştirme dalgalarının faz kayması ve genlikleri, aşağıdakiler de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli temel malzeme viskoelastik özelliklerini hesaplamak için kullanılabilir <i>Depolama Modülü</i>, <i>Kayıp Modülü</i> ve <i>Tan (δ)</i> Aşağıdaki grafiklerde özetlendiği gibi. </p><p>Bu çalışmada 1, 5, 10 ve 20 Hz'lik frekanslar saatte yaklaşık 7, 33, 67 ve 134 km'lik hızlara karşılık gelmektedir. Test frekansı 0,1 ila 20 Hz arasında arttıkça, hem Depolama Modülünün hem de Kayıp Modülünün kademeli olarak arttığı gözlemlenebilir. Tan (δ), frekans 0,1'den 1 Hz'e yükseldikçe ~0,27'den 0,18'e düşmekte ve 20 Hz frekansa ulaşıldığında kademeli olarak ~0,55'e yükselmektedir. DMA frekans taraması, polimerlerin camsı geçişinin yanı sıra monomerlerin hareketi ve çapraz bağlanma hakkında bilgi sağlayan Depolama Modülü, Kayıp Modülü ve Tan (δ) eğilimlerinin ölçülmesine olanak tanır. Frekans taraması sırasında bir ısıtma plakası kullanarak sıcaklığı yükselterek, farklı test koşulları altında moleküler hareketin doğasının daha eksiksiz bir resmi elde edilebilir.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4bb66bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4bb66bf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>YÜK VE DERİNLİĞİN EVRİMİ</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a52ea3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="a52ea3f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>TAM DMA FREKANS TARAMASININ</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-23eb6f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="23eb6f2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="374" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Load-and-Depth-DMA-Frequency-Sweep.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9352" alt="" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d205d1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d205d1e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>FARKLI FREKANSLARDA YÜK VE DERİNLİK vs ZAMAN</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ab3ffe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="3ab3ffe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="794" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Load-and-Depth-vs-Time-at-DMA-Frequencies.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9353" alt="" />															</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-80128d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="80128d6" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>DEPOLAMA MODÜLÜ</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d5efeb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d5efeb5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>FARKLI FREKANSLARDA</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-28da3f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="28da3f1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="847" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Storage-Modulus-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9343" alt="" />															</div>
				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>KAYIP MODÜLÜ</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-798f886 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="798f886" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>FARKLI FREKANSLARDA</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a2643df elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="a2643df" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="868" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Loss-Modulus-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9344" alt="" />															</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d855c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6d855c4" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce56c12" data-id="ce56c12" data-element_type="column">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>TAN (δ) </i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-80936b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="80936b0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>FARKLI FREKANSLARDA</i></h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2c90322 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="2c90322" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="644" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/TAN-δ-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9345" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>Bu çalışmada, NANOVEA Mekanik Test Cihazının bir lastik numunesi üzerinde Dinamik Mekanik Analiz frekans tarama testini gerçekleştirme kapasitesini sergiledik. Bu test, lastiğin viskoelastik özelliklerini farklı stres frekanslarında ölçer. Lastik, yükleme frekansı 0,1 ila 20 Hz arasında arttıkça artan depolama ve kayıp modülü gösterir. Farklı hızlarda çalışan lastiğin viskoelastik davranışları hakkında yararlı bilgiler sağlar, bu da daha yumuşak ve daha güvenli sürüşler için lastiklerin performansını iyileştirmede çok önemlidir. DMA frekans tarama testi, lastiğin farklı hava koşullarındaki gerçekçi çalışma ortamını taklit etmek için çeşitli sıcaklıklarda gerçekleştirilebilir.</p><p>NANOVEA Mekanik Test Cihazının Nano Modülünde, hızlı piezo ile yük uygulaması, ayrı bir yüksek hassasiyetli gerinim ölçer ile yapılan yük ölçümünden bağımsızdır. Bu, Dinamik Mekanik Analiz sırasında belirgin bir avantaj sağlar, çünkü derinlik ve yük arasındaki faz doğrudan sensörden toplanan verilerden ölçülür. Faz hesaplaması doğrudan yapılır ve elde edilen kayıp ve depolama modülüne yanlışlık katan matematiksel modellemeye ihtiyaç duyulmaz. Bobin tabanlı bir sistem için durum böyle değildir.</p><p>Sonuç olarak, DMA temas derinliği, zaman ve frekansın bir fonksiyonu olarak kayıp ve depolama modülünü, kompleks modülü ve Tan'ı (δ) ölçer. İsteğe bağlı ısıtma aşaması, DMA sırasında malzemelerin faz geçiş sıcaklığının belirlenmesini sağlar. NANOVEA Mekanik Test Cihazları, tek bir platformda benzersiz çok fonksiyonlu Nano ve Mikro modüller sağlar. Hem Nano hem de Mikro modüller çizik test cihazı, sertlik test cihazı ve aşınma test cihazı modlarını içerir ve tek bir modülde mevcut olan en geniş ve en kullanıcı dostu test aralığını sağlar.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/dinamik-mekanik-analiz-frekans-supurme-polimer-uzerinde/">Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Frequency Sweep on Polymer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Fresnel Lens Topografyası</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Tue, 20 Oct 2020 17:47:43 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Flatness and Warpage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Step Height and Thickness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9253</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>FRESNEL LENS TOPOGRAPHYUSING 3D NON-CONTACT OPTICAL PROFILOMETER Prepared by Duanjie Li &#38; Benjamin Mell INTRODUCTION A lens is an optical device of axial symmetry that transmits and refracts light. A simple lens consists of a single optical component for converging or diverging the light. Even though spherical surfaces are not ideal shape for making a lens, they [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/fresnel-lens-topografyasi/">Fresnel Lens Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9253" class="elementor elementor-9253" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<h1 style="text-align: center; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 60px; color: #1b96cf; display: block;">FRESNEL LENS TOPOGRAFİSİ</span><span style="font-size: 32px; color: #000;">KULLANIM </span><span style="font-size: 32px;">3D </span><span style="font-size: 32px; font-family: inherit;">TEMASIZ OPTİK PROFİLÖMETRE</span></h1>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="224" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Inspection-Lighthouse.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9254" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li &amp; Benjamin Mell</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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									<p><span class="fontstyle0">Mercek, ışığı ileten ve kıran eksenel simetriye sahip optik bir cihazdır. Basit bir mercek, ışığı yakınlaştırmak veya uzaklaştırmak için tek bir optik bileşenden oluşur. Küresel yüzeyler bir mercek yapmak için ideal şekil olmasa da, genellikle camın taşlanıp parlatılabileceği en basit şekil olarak kullanılırlar.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Bir Fresnel mercek, bir inçin birkaç binde biri kadar küçük bir genişliğe sahip basit bir merceğin ince parçaları olan bir dizi eş merkezli halkadan oluşur. Fresnel mercekler, aynı optik özelliklere sahip geleneksel merceklere kıyasla, gerekli malzemenin ağırlığını ve hacmini azaltan kompakt bir tasarıma sahip geniş bir diyafram açıklığı ve kısa odak uzaklığı içerir. Fresnel merceğinin ince geometrisi nedeniyle çok az miktarda ışık emilim yoluyla kaybolur.</span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">FRESNEL LENS DENETİMİ İÇİN 3 BOYUTLU TEMASSIZ PROFİLOMETRİNİN ÖNEMİ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Fresnel lensler otomotiv endüstrisinde, deniz fenerlerinde, güneş enerjisinde ve uçak gemilerinin optik iniş sistemlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Lenslerin şeffaf plastikten kalıplanması veya damgalanması, üretimlerini uygun maliyetli hale getirebilir. Fresnel lenslerin hizmet kalitesi çoğunlukla eşmerkezli halkasının hassasiyetine ve yüzey kalitesine bağlıdır. NANOVEA, dokunmatik prob tekniğinden farklı olarak <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Optik Profilciler</a> 3 boyutlu yüzey ölçümlerini yüzeye dokunmadan gerçekleştirerek yeni çizik oluşma riskini ortadan kaldırın. Kromatik Işık tekniği, farklı geometrilerdeki mercekler gibi karmaşık şekillerin hassas şekilde taranması için idealdir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">FRESNEL MERCEK ŞEMASI</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="423" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Schematic-Technical-Drawing.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9263" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Şeffaf plastik Fresnel lensler kalıplama veya damgalama yoluyla üretilebilir. Kusurlu üretim kalıplarını veya damgalarını ortaya çıkarmak için doğru ve etkili kalite kontrolü kritik önem taşır. Eşmerkezli halkaların yüksekliği ve eğimi ölçülerek, ölçülen değerler mercek üreticisi tarafından verilen spesifikasyon değerleriyle karşılaştırılarak üretim farklılıkları tespit edilebilir.</p><p>Lens profilinin hassas ölçümü, kalıpların veya damgaların üretici spesifikasyonlarına uyacak şekilde düzgün bir şekilde işlenmesini sağlar. Ayrıca, damga zaman içinde aşınarak ilk şeklini kaybetmesine neden olabilir. Lens üreticisi spesifikasyonundan sürekli sapma, kalıbın değiştirilmesi gerektiğinin olumlu bir göstergesidir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu uygulamada, karmaşık şekilli bir optik bileşenin kapsamlı 3D profil analizini sağlayan, yüksek hızlı sensörlü bir 3D Temassız Profiler olan NANOVEA ST400'ü tanıtıyoruz. Kromatik Işık teknolojimizin olağanüstü yeteneklerini göstermek için, Fresnel lens üzerinde kontur analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">ST400 Geniş Alan</span><br />Optik 3D Profilometre</p>								</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">BROŞÜRÜ INDIR</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">TEKLİF ALIN</span>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/st500">
							<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/3D-Surface-Profilometer-NANOVEA-ST400.png" title="" alt="NANOVEA 3D Temassız Yüzey Profilometresi" class="elementor-animation-grow" loading="lazy" />								</a>
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									<p><i>Bu çalışma için kullanılan 2.3" x 2.3" akrilik Fresnel lens aşağıdakilerden oluşmaktadır </i></p><p><i>bir dizi eşmerkezli halka ve karmaşık bir tırtıklı kesit profili. </i></p><p><i>1,5" odak uzaklığına, 2,0" efektif boyut çapına sahiptir, </i></p><p><i>İnç başına 125 oluk ve 1,49'luk bir kırılma indisi.</i></p>								</div>
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									<p><em>Fresnel lensin NANOVEA ST400 taraması, merkezden dışa doğru hareket eden eş merkezli halkaların yüksekliğinde gözle görülür bir artış olduğunu göstermektedir.</em></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="639" height="541" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Scan-Evaluation-Quality-Control.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9271" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2D YANLIŞ RENK</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>Yükseklik Gösterimi</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="797" height="564" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-3D-Scan-Profilometer-Topography.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9272" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">3D GÖRÜNÜM</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>ÇIKARILMIŞ PROFIL</i></b></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="297" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-QC-Extracted-Profiler.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9273" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>TEPE &amp; VADİ </i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>Profilin Boyutsal Analizi</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="464" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Dimensional-Analysis-of-the-Profile.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9274" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu uygulamada, NANOVEA ST400 temassız Optik Profilleyicinin Fresnel lenslerin yüzey topografisini doğru bir şekilde ölçtüğünü gösterdik. </p><p>Yükseklik ve hatve boyutları, NANOVEA analiz yazılımı kullanılarak karmaşık tırtıklı profilden doğru bir şekilde belirlenebilir. Kullanıcılar, üretilen lenslerin halka yüksekliği ve hatve boyutlarını ideal halka spesifikasyonuyla karşılaştırarak üretim kalıplarının veya damgalarının kalitesini etkin bir şekilde denetleyebilir.</p><p>Burada gösterilen veriler, analiz yazılımında mevcut olan hesaplamaların yalnızca bir kısmını temsil etmektedir. </p><p>NANOVEA Optik Profilleyiciler, Yarı İletkenler, Mikroelektronik, Güneş, Fiber Optik, Otomotiv, Havacılık ve Uzay, Metalurji, İşleme, Kaplama, İlaç, Biyomedikal, Çevre ve diğer birçok alanda neredeyse her yüzeyi ölçer.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">ŞIMDI BIR UZMANLA GÖRÜŞÜN</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">FİYATLANDIRMA VE DETAYLARI HIZLI ALIN</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/fresnel-lens-topografyasi/">Fresnel Lens Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>İşlenmiş Parçaların Kontrolü</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/islenmis-parca-denetimi-2/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=machined-parts-inspection</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/tr/islenmis-parca-denetimi-2/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Tue, 08 Sep 2020 21:17:54 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Flatness and Warpage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Volume and Area]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9130</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/islenmis-parca-denetimi-2/">Machined Parts Inspection</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9130" class="elementor elementor-9130" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">İŞLENMİŞ PARÇALAR</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">3D profilometri kullanarak CAD modelinden denetim</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Yazar:</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından revize edildi</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Jocelyn Esparza</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="224" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machined-Parts-Inspection.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9131" alt="Profilometre ile İşlenmiş Parçaların Kontrolü" />															</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3530ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d3530ef" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Karmaşık geometriler oluşturabilen hassas işlemeye olan talep, bir dizi sektörde artış göstermektedir. Havacılık, tıp ve otomobilden teknoloji dişlilerine, makinelere ve müzik aletlerine kadar, sürekli yenilik ve evrim, beklentileri ve doğruluk standartlarını yeni zirvelere taşıyor. Sonuç olarak, ürünlerin en yüksek kalitede olmasını sağlamak için titiz denetim tekniklerine ve araçlarına olan talebin arttığını görüyoruz.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Parça Denetimi için 3D Temassız Profilometrinin Önemi</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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									<p>İşlenmiş parçaların özelliklerini CAD modelleriyle karşılaştırmak, toleransları ve üretim standartlarına uygunluğu doğrulamak için gereklidir. Parçaların aşınması ve yıpranması değiştirilmelerini gerektirebileceğinden, servis süresi boyunca denetim de çok önemlidir. Gerekli spesifikasyonlardan herhangi bir sapmanın zamanında tespit edilmesi, maliyetli onarımların, üretimin durmasının ve itibarın zedelenmesinin önlenmesine yardımcı olacaktır.</p><p>NANOVEA, dokunmalı prob tekniğinden farklı olarak <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Optik Profilciler</a> Sıfır temasla 3 boyutlu yüzey taramaları gerçekleştirerek karmaşık şekillerin en yüksek doğrulukla hızlı, hassas ve tahribatsız ölçümlerine olanak tanır.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</p>								</div>
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									<p>Bu uygulamada, boyut, yarıçap ve pürüzlülük açısından kapsamlı bir yüzey denetimi gerçekleştiren, yüksek hızlı sensöre sahip 3D Temassız Profilleyici NANOVEA HS2000'i sergiliyoruz. </p><p>Hepsi 40 saniyenin altında.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>HS2000</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/hs2000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-Optical-Profilometry-HS2000.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9554" alt="" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CAD MODELİ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>İşlenen parçanın boyutunun ve yüzey pürüzlülüğünün hassas bir şekilde ölçülmesi, istenen özellikleri, toleransları ve yüzey kalitesini karşıladığından emin olmak için kritik öneme sahiptir. İncelenecek parçanın 3D modeli ve mühendislik çizimi aşağıda sunulmuştur.&nbsp;</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Quality-Control.png" title="" alt="" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">YANLIŞ RENK GÖRÜNÜMÜ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>CAD modelinin ve taranmış işlenmiş parça yüzeyinin yanlış renk görünümü ŞEKİL 3'te karşılaştırılmıştır. Numune yüzeyindeki yükseklik değişimi renkteki değişimle gözlemlenebilir.</p><p>İşlenmiş parçanın boyutsal toleransını daha fazla doğrulamak için ŞEKİL 2'de gösterildiği gibi 3D yüzey taramasından üç 2D profil çıkarılır.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="973" height="1024" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Profilometry.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9137" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PROFİLLER KARŞILAŞTIRMA &amp; SONUÇLAR</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Profil 1 ila 3, ŞEKİL 3 ila 5'te gösterilmektedir. Kantitatif tolerans denetimi, titiz üretim standartlarını korumak için ölçülen profil CAD modeli ile karşılaştırılarak gerçekleştirilir. Profil 1 ve Profil 2, kavisli işlenmiş parça üzerindeki farklı alanların yarıçapını ölçer. Profil 2'nin yükseklik değişimi 156 mm uzunlukta 30 µm'dir ve istenen ±125 µm tolerans gereksinimini karşılamaktadır. </p><p>Analiz yazılımı, bir tolerans sınır değeri belirleyerek işlenen parçanın başarılı veya başarısız olduğunu otomatik olarak belirleyebilir.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1651" height="767" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9138" alt="Profilometre ile Makine Parçalarının Kontrolü" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="262" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer-2.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9139" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>İşlenmiş parçanın yüzeyinin pürüzlülüğü ve homojenliği, kalite ve işlevselliğinin sağlanmasında önemli bir rol oynar. ŞEKİL 6, yüzey kalitesini ölçmek için kullanılan işlenmiş parçanın ana taramasından çıkarılan bir yüzey alanıdır. Ortalama yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Sa) 2,31 µm olarak hesaplanmıştır.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="313" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer-3.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9140" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu çalışmada, yüksek hızlı bir sensörle donatılmış NANOVEA HS2000 Temassız Profilleyicinin boyutlar ve pürüzlülük açısından nasıl kapsamlı bir yüzey denetimi gerçekleştirdiğini gösterdik. </p><p>Yüksek çözünürlüklü taramalar, kullanıcıların işlenmiş parçaların ayrıntılı morfolojisini ve yüzey özelliklerini ölçmelerini ve bunları CAD modelleriyle nicel olarak karşılaştırmalarını sağlar. Cihaz ayrıca çizikler ve çatlaklar da dahil olmak üzere tüm kusurları tespit edebiliyor. </p><p>Gelişmiş kontur analizi, yalnızca işlenmiş parçaların belirlenen spesifikasyonları karşılayıp karşılamadığını belirlemek için değil, aynı zamanda aşınmış bileşenlerin arıza mekanizmalarını değerlendirmek için de benzersiz bir araç olarak hizmet eder.</p><p>Burada gösterilen veriler, her NANOVEA Optik Profilleyici ile birlikte gelen gelişmiş analiz yazılımı ile mümkün olan hesaplamaların yalnızca bir kısmını temsil etmektedir.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">ŞIMDI BIR UZMANLA GÖRÜŞÜN</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">FİYATLANDIRMA VE DETAYLARI HIZLI ALIN</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/islenmis-parca-denetimi-2/">Machined Parts Inspection</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Fretting Aşınma Değerlendirmesi</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/perde-asinma-degerlendirmesi/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=fretting-wear-evaluation</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/tr/perde-asinma-degerlendirmesi/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Tue, 08 Sep 2020 18:07:09 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linear Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9053</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/perde-asinma-degerlendirmesi/">Fretting Wear Evaluation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9053" class="elementor elementor-9053" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SÜRTÜNME AŞINMASI DEĞERLENDİRMESİ</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="236" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Evaluation-in-Aviation.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9055" alt="Havacılıkta Fretting Aşınma Değerlendirmesi" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Yazar:</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tarafından revize edildi</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Jocelyn Esparza</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="345" height="613" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Evaluation-in-Mining-and-Metallurgy.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9056" alt="Madencilik ve Metalurjide Saçaklanma Aşınmasının Değerlendirilmesi" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">GİRİŞ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Aşınma, "yük altındaki iki malzeme arasındaki temas alanında meydana gelen ve titreşim veya başka bir kuvvet tarafından çok küçük bağıl harekete maruz kalan özel bir aşınma sürecidir." Makineler çalışırken, cıvatalı veya pimli bağlantılarda, hareket etmesi amaçlanmayan bileşenler arasında ve salınımlı kaplinlerde ve yataklarda kaçınılmaz olarak titreşimler meydana gelir. Bu tür göreceli kayma hareketinin genliği genellikle mikrometre ila milimetre mertebesindedir. Bu tür tekrarlayan düşük genlikli hareketler yüzeyde ciddi lokal mekanik aşınmaya ve malzeme transferine neden olur, bu da üretim verimliliğinin, makine performansının düşmesine ve hatta makinenin hasar görmesine yol açabilir.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Niceliğin Önemi <br>Fretting Aşınma Değerlendirmesi</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d0efe1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d0efe1b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>Sürtünme aşınması sıklıkla iki cisim aşınması, yapışma ve/veya sürtünme yorulması aşınması dahil olmak üzere temas yüzeyinde meydana gelen çeşitli karmaşık aşınma mekanizmalarını içerir. Sürtünme aşınma mekanizmasını anlamak ve sürtünme aşınmasına karşı koruma için en iyi malzemeyi seçmek amacıyla, güvenilir ve niceliksel sürtünme aşınması değerlendirmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Sürtünme aşınması davranışı, yer değiştirme genliği, normal yükleme, korozyon, sıcaklık, nem ve yağlama gibi çalışma ortamından önemli ölçüde etkilenir. Çok yönlü <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">tribometre </a>Farklı gerçekçi çalışma koşullarını simüle edebilen aşınma aşınmasının değerlendirilmesi için ideal olacaktır.</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Steven R. Lampman, ASM El Kitabı: Cilt 19: Yorulma ve Kırılma</span><br /><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/693/fretting-wear</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</p>								</div>
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									<p>Bu çalışmada, paslanmaz çelik SS304 numunesinin farklı salınım hızlarında ve sıcaklıklarda sürtünme aşınması davranışlarını değerlendirdik. <strong>NANOVEA T50</strong> Tribometre, metalin fretting aşınma sürecini iyi kontrol edilen ve izlenen bir şekilde simüle eder.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>T50</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t2000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="705" height="695" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Robust-Tribometer-Nanovea-T50.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9876" alt="" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TEST KOŞULLARI</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Paslanmaz çelik SS304 numunesinin sürtünme aşınması direnci aşağıdaki yöntemlerle değerlendirilmiştir <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Doğrusal Pistonlu Aşınma Modülü kullanılarak Tribometre. Karşı malzeme olarak bir WC (6 mm çapında) bilye kullanılmıştır. Aşınma izi, bir aşınma modülü kullanılarak incelenmiştir. <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> 3D temassız profilleyici.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Sürtünme testi oda sıcaklığında (RT) ve 200°C'de gerçekleştirilmiştir.&nbsp;<span style="color: rgb(77, 81, 86); font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>Yüksek sıcaklığın SS304 numunesinin sürtünme aşınma direnci üzerindeki etkisini incelemek için C. Numune aşamasındaki bir ısıtma plakası, sürtünme testi sırasında numuneyi 200°C'de ısıtmıştır.&nbsp;<span style="color: rgb(77, 81, 86); font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C. Aşınma oranı, <b>K</b>formülü kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir <b>K=V/(F×s)</b>, nerede <b>V</b> aşınmış hacimdir, <b>F</b> normal yüktür ve <b>s</b> kayma mesafesidir.</p>
<p>Bu çalışmada örnek olarak sayaç malzemesi olarak bir WC bilyesinin kullanıldığını lütfen unutmayın. Gerçek uygulama durumunu simüle etmek için özel bir fikstür kullanılarak farklı şekillere ve yüzey kaplamasına sahip herhangi bir katı malzeme uygulanabilir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TEST PARAMETRELERI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">aşınma ölçümlerinin</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="233" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Test-Parameters-Fretting-Wear.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9058" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇLAR &amp; TARTIŞMA</h2>				</div>
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									<p>3D aşınma izi profili, aşınma izi hacim kaybının doğrudan ve doğru bir şekilde belirlenmesini sağlar. <i><b>NANOVEA</b></i> Dağ analiz yazılımı. </p><p>Düşük hızda (100 rpm) ve oda sıcaklığında yapılan pistonlu aşınma testi 0,014 mm'lik küçük bir aşınma izi sergiler.<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>. Buna karşılık, 1000 rpm'lik yüksek bir hızda gerçekleştirilen sürtünme aşınması testi, 0,12 mm'lik bir hacimle önemli ölçüde daha büyük bir aşınma izi oluşturur<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>. Bu tür hızlandırılmış bir aşınma süreci, metalik döküntülerin oksidasyonunu teşvik eden ve şiddetli üç gövdeli aşınmaya neden olan sürtünme aşınma testi sırasında üretilen yüksek ısı ve yoğun titreşime bağlanabilir. Aşınma testi 200°C'lik yüksek bir sıcaklıkta gerçekleştirilmiştir. <span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C, 0,27 mm'lik daha büyük bir aşınma izi oluşturur<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>.</p><p>Aşınma testi 1000 rpm'de 1,5×10 aşınma oranına sahiptir.<sup>-4</sup> mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>/Nm'dir ve bu değer 100 rpm'deki pistonlu aşınma testine kıyasla yaklaşık dokuz kat daha fazladır. Yüksek sıcaklıktaki sürtünme aşınması testi aşınma oranını daha da hızlandırarak 3,4×10<sup>-4</sup> mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>/Nm. Farklı hızlarda ve sıcaklıklarda ölçülen aşınma direncindeki bu kadar önemli bir fark, gerçekçi uygulamalar için sürtünme aşınmasının uygun simülasyonlarının önemini göstermektedir.</p><p>Test koşullarındaki küçük değişiklikler tribosisteme dahil edildiğinde aşınma davranışı büyük ölçüde değişebilir. Çok yönlülüğü <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Tribometre, yüksek sıcaklık, yağlama, korozyon ve diğerleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli koşullar altında aşınmanın ölçülmesini sağlar. Gelişmiş motorun hassas hız ve konum kontrolü, kullanıcıların aşınma testini 0,001 ila 5000 rpm arasında değişen hızlarda gerçekleştirmesini sağlayarak, farklı tribolojik koşullarda sürtünme aşınmasını incelemek için araştırma / test laboratuvarları için ideal bir araç haline getirir.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Çeşitli koşullarda aşınma izleri</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">optik mikroskop altında</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="435" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Tracks-at-Various-Conditions-10.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9059" alt="Optik mikroskop altında çeşitli koşullarda aşınma izleri" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">3D AŞINMA İZLERİ PROFİLLERİ</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b>temel anlayışta daha fazla içgörü sağlamak<br>fretting aşınma mekanizmasının</b></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">AŞINMA IZLERININ SONUÇ ÖZETI</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">farklı test parametreleri kullanılarak ölçülmüştür</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="311" height="612" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-in-Wind-Turbines.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9064" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SONUÇ</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Bu çalışmada, Avrupa Birliği'nin <b><i>NANOVEA </i></b>Tribometre, bir paslanmaz çelik SS304 numunesinin sürtünme aşınması davranışını iyi kontrollü ve nicel bir şekilde değerlendirir.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Test hızı ve sıcaklık, malzemelerin sürtünme aşınma direncinde kritik rol oynamaktadır. Sürtünme sırasındaki yüksek ısı ve yoğun titreşim, SS304 numunesinin aşınmasının dokuz kata yakın bir oranda hızlanmasına neden olmuştur. Yüksek sıcaklık 200&nbsp;<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C aşınma oranını daha da artırarak 3,4×10<sup>-4</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm.&nbsp;</p><p>Çok yönlülüğü <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Tribometre, yüksek sıcaklık, yağlama, korozyon ve diğerleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli koşullar altında sürtünme aşınmasını ölçmek için ideal bir araçtır.</p>
<p><b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Tribometreler, ISO ve ASTM uyumlu rotatif ve lineer modları kullanarak hassas ve tekrarlanabilir aşınma ve sürtünme testleri sunar ve isteğe bağlı yüksek sıcaklık aşınması, yağlama ve tribo-korozyon modülleri önceden entegre edilmiş tek bir sistemde mevcuttur. Eşsiz ürün yelpazemiz, ince veya kalın, yumuşak veya sert kaplamaların, filmlerin ve alt tabakaların tribolojik özelliklerinin tüm kapsamını belirlemek için ideal bir çözümdür.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benzer bir uygulamanız var mı?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">ŞIMDI BIR UZMANLA GÖRÜŞÜN</span>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">FİYATLANDIRMA VE DETAYLARI HIZLI ALIN</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/perde-asinma-degerlendirmesi/">Fretting Wear Evaluation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Bilyalı Rulmanlar: Yüksek Kuvvet Aşınma Direnci Çalışması</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/tr/bilyali-rulman-asinma-direnci-kullanimi-makro-triboloji/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=ball-bearing-wear-resistance-using-macro-tribology</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>01 Temmuz 2020 Çar 18:59:15 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linear Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rotational Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>INTRODUCTION A ball bearing uses balls to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads. The rolling balls between the bearing races produce much lower coefficient of friction (COF) compared to two flat surfaces sliding against each other. Ball bearings are often exposed to high contact stress levels, wear and extreme environmental conditions such [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/bilyali-rulman-asinma-direnci-kullanimi-makro-triboloji/">Ball Bearings: High Force Wear Resistance Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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<h2><em><strong>GİRİŞ</strong></em></h2>
<p>Bilyalı rulman, dönme sürtünmesini azaltmak ve radyal ve eksenel yükleri desteklemek için bilyaları kullanır. Yatak yatakları arasındaki yuvarlanan bilyalar, birbirine karşı kayan iki düz yüzeye kıyasla çok daha düşük sürtünme katsayısı (COF) üretir. Bilyalı rulmanlar sıklıkla yüksek temas gerilimi seviyelerine, aşınmaya ve yüksek sıcaklıklar gibi aşırı çevre koşullarına maruz kalır. Bu nedenle, bilyaların yüksek yükler ve aşırı çevre koşulları altında aşınma direnci, bilyalı rulmanın ömrünü uzatmak, onarım ve değiştirme masraflarını ve süresini azaltmak açısından kritik öneme sahiptir.<br />
Bilyalı rulmanlar, hareketli parçaları içeren neredeyse tüm uygulamalarda bulunabilir. Yaygın olarak havacılık ve otomobil gibi ulaşım endüstrilerinin yanı sıra stres çarkı ve kaykay gibi ürünler üreten oyuncak endüstrisinde de kullanılırlar.</p>
<h2><em><strong>YÜKSEK YÜKLERDE RULMAN AŞINMASININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ</strong></em></h2>
<p>Bilyalı rulmanlar geniş bir malzeme listesinden yapılabilir. Yaygın olarak kullanılan malzemeler, paslanmaz çelik ve krom çelik gibi metaller veya tungsten karbür (WC) ve silikon nitrür (Si3n4) gibi seramikler arasında değişir. Üretilen bilyalı rulmanların, verilen uygulama koşulları için ideal aşınma direncine sahip olmasını sağlamak için, yüksek yükler altında güvenilir tribolojik değerlendirmeler gereklidir. Tribolojik testler, hedeflenen uygulama için en iyi adayı seçmek amacıyla farklı bilyalı rulmanların aşınma davranışlarının kontrollü ve izlenen bir şekilde ölçülmesine ve karşılaştırılmasına yardımcı olur.</p>
<h2><em><strong>ÖLÇÜM HEDEFI</strong></em></h2>
<p>Bu çalışmada bir Nanovea sergiliyoruz <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribometre</a> Farklı bilyalı rulmanların yüksek yükler altında aşınma direncini karşılaştırmak için ideal bir araç olarak.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Track-Test.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Track-Test.jpg" alt="" width="877" height="617" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Şekil 1: Rulman testinin kurulumu.</em></h6>
<h2><em><strong>TEST PROSEDÜRÜ</strong></em></h2>
<p>Farklı malzemelerden yapılmış bilyalı rulmanların sürtünme katsayısı, COF ve aşınma direnci Nanovea Tribometre ile değerlendirildi. Karşıt malzeme olarak P100 kumlu zımpara kullanıldı. Bilyalı rulmanların aşınma izleri bir test cihazı kullanılarak incelendi. <strong>Nanovea</strong> Aşınma testleri tamamlandıktan sonra 3D Temassız Profil Oluşturucu. Test parametreleri Tablo 1&#039;de özetlenmiştir. Aşınma oranı, <strong>K</strong>formülü kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir <strong>K=V/(F×s)</strong>, nerede <strong>V </strong>aşınmış hacimdir, <strong>F</strong> normal yük ve <strong>s</strong> kayma mesafesidir. Top aşınma izleri bir uzman tarafından değerlendirildi. <strong>Nanovea</strong> Hassas aşınma hacmi ölçümü sağlamak için 3D Temassız Profiler.<br />
Otomatik motorlu radyal konumlandırma özelliği, tribometrenin test süresi boyunca aşınma izinin yarıçapını azaltmasına olanak tanır. Bu test moduna spiral test adı verilir ve bilyeli yatağın her zaman zımpara kağıdının yeni bir yüzeyi üzerinde kaymasını sağlar (Şekil 2). Bilye üzerinde aşınma direnci testinin tekrarlanabilirliğini önemli ölçüde artırır. Dahili hız kontrolü için gelişmiş 20 bit kodlayıcı ve harici konum kontrolü için 16 bit kodlayıcı, hassas gerçek zamanlı hız ve konum bilgisi sağlayarak, kontakta sabit doğrusal kayma hızı elde etmek için dönme hızının sürekli olarak ayarlanmasına olanak tanır.<br />
Bu çalışmada çeşitli bilya malzemeleri arasındaki aşınma davranışını basitleştirmek için P100 Grit zımpara kağıdının kullanıldığını ve başka herhangi bir malzeme yüzeyiyle değiştirilebileceğini lütfen unutmayın. Sıvı veya yağlayıcı gibi gerçek uygulama koşulları altında çok çeşitli malzeme bağlantılarının performansını simüle etmek için herhangi bir katı malzeme ikame edilebilir.<br />
<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-12.png" alt="" width="293" height="280" /></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Şekil 2: Zımpara kağıdı üzerinde bilya yatağı için spiral geçişlerin gösterimi.</em></h6>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-13.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-13.png" alt="" width="334" height="221" /></a></h6>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Tablo 1: Aşınma ölçümlerinin test parametreleri.</em></h6>
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<h2><em><strong>SONUÇLAR &amp; TARTIŞMA</strong></em></h2>
<p>Aşınma oranı, bilyalı rulmanın servis ömrünü belirlemek için hayati bir faktördür; rulman performansını ve verimliliğini artırmak için düşük bir COF arzu edilir. Şekil 3, testler sırasında farklı bilyalı rulmanlar için COF&#039;nin gelişimini zımpara kağıdıyla karşılaştırmaktadır. Cr Çelik bilya aşınma testi sırasında ~0,4&#039;lük bir COF artışı gösterirken, SS440 ve Al2O3 bilyalı rulmanlar için ~0,32 ve ~0,28&#039;dir. Öte yandan, WC topu aşınma testi boyunca ~0,2&#039;lik sabit bir COF sergiler. Bilyalı yatakların kaba zımpara kağıdı yüzeyine doğru kayma hareketinin neden olduğu titreşimlere atfedilen, her test boyunca gözlemlenebilir COF değişimi görülebilir.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-14.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-14.png" alt="" width="1078" height="853" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Şekil 3: Aşınma testleri sırasında COF&#039;nin gelişimi.</em></h6>
<p>Şekil 4 ve Şekil 5, sırasıyla bir optik mikroskop ve Nanovea Temassız optik profil oluşturucu ile ölçüldükten sonra bilyalı rulmanların aşınma izlerini karşılaştırmaktadır ve Tablo 2, aşınma izi analizinin sonuçlarını özetlemektedir. Nanovea 3D profil oluşturucu, bilyalı rulmanların aşınma hacmini hassas bir şekilde belirleyerek farklı bilyalı rulmanların aşınma oranlarının hesaplanmasını ve karşılaştırılmasını mümkün kılar. Aşınma testleri sonrasında Cr Çelik ve SS440 bilyaların seramik bilyalara (Al2O3 ve WC) kıyasla çok daha büyük düzleşmiş aşınma izleri sergiledikleri gözlemlenebilmektedir. Cr Çelik ve SS440 bilyalar sırasıyla 3,7×10-3 ve 3,2×10-3 m3/N·m&#039;lik karşılaştırılabilir aşınma oranlarına sahiptir. Karşılaştırıldığında, Al2O3 topu 7,2×10-4 m3/N·m aşınma oranıyla gelişmiş bir aşınma direnci sergiliyor. WC topu, sığ aşınma izi alanında neredeyse hiç küçük çizikler göstermez, bu da aşınma oranının 3,3×10-6 mm3/N·m kadar önemli ölçüde azalmasına neden olur.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Testing-2.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Testing-2.jpg" alt="" width="1068" height="896" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><i>Şekil 4: Testlerden sonra bilyalı rulmanlardaki aşınma izleri.</i></h6>
<p><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Profilometry.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Profilometry.jpg" alt="" width="974" height="717" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Şekil 5: Bilyalı rulmanlardaki aşınma izlerinin 3 boyutlu morfolojisi.</em></h6>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-17.png" alt="" width="346" height="157" /></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Tablo 2: Bilyalı rulmanların aşınma izi analizi.</em></h6>
<p>Şekil 6, dört bilyeli yatağın zımpara kağıdı üzerinde oluşturduğu aşınma izlerinin mikroskop görüntülerini göstermektedir. WC topunun en şiddetli aşınma izini oluşturduğu (yolundaki neredeyse tüm kum parçacıklarını giderdiği) ve en iyi aşınma direncine sahip olduğu açıktır. Buna karşılık, Cr Çelik ve SS440 bilyalar, zımpara kağıdının aşınma izi üzerinde büyük miktarda metal kalıntısı bıraktı.<br />
Bu gözlemler ayrıca spiral testin faydasının önemini göstermektedir. Bilyalı yatağın her zaman zımpara kağıdının yeni yüzeyinde kaymasını sağlar ve bu da aşınma direnci testinin tekrarlanabilirliğini önemli ölçüde artırır.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Test-Profilometry.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Test-Profilometry.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="995" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Şekil 6: Farklı bilyalı yataklara karşı zımpara kağıdı üzerindeki aşınma izleri.</em></h6>
<p><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Ball-Bearings-wear.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Ball-Bearings-wear.jpg" alt="" width="1200" height="792" /></a></p>
<h2><em><strong>SONUÇ</strong></em></h2>
<p>Bilyalı rulmanların yüksek basınç altındaki aşınma direnci, servis performanslarında hayati bir rol oynar. Seramik bilyalı rulmanlar, yüksek stres koşullarında önemli ölçüde artırılmış aşınma direncine sahiptir ve rulman onarımı veya değiştirilmesi nedeniyle zaman ve maliyeti azaltır. Bu çalışmada WC bilyalı rulmanı, çelik rulmanlara kıyasla önemli ölçüde daha yüksek bir aşınma direnci sergiliyor ve bu da onu ciddi aşınmanın meydana geldiği rulman uygulamaları için ideal bir aday haline getiriyor.<br />
Nanovea Tribometre, 2000 N&#039;a kadar yükler için yüksek tork kapasitesi ve 0,01 ile 15.000 rpm arasındaki dönüş hızları için hassas ve kontrollü motorla tasarlanmıştır. Önceden entegre edilmiş tek bir sistemde isteğe bağlı yüksek sıcaklıkta aşınma ve yağlama modülleri ile ISO ve ASTM uyumlu döner ve doğrusal modları kullanarak tekrarlanabilir aşınma ve sürtünme testleri sunar. Bu eşsiz aralık, kullanıcıların bilyalı rulmanların yüksek stres, aşınma ve yüksek sıcaklık gibi farklı zorlu çalışma ortamlarını simüle etmelerine olanak tanır. Aynı zamanda, yüksek yükler altında aşınmaya karşı üstün dirençli malzemelerin tribolojik davranışlarını niceliksel olarak değerlendirmek için ideal bir araç görevi görür.<br />
Nanovea 3D Temassız Profiler, hassas aşınma hacmi ölçümleri sağlar ve aşınma izlerinin ayrıntılı morfolojisini analiz eden bir araç görevi görerek aşınma mekanizmalarının temel anlayışına ilişkin ek bilgiler sağlar.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">Tarafından hazırlanmıştır<br />
Duanjie Li, PhD, Jonathan Thomas ve Pierre Leroux</p><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr/bilyali-rulman-asinma-direnci-kullanimi-makro-triboloji/">Ball Bearings: High Force Wear Resistance Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/tr">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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