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	<title>Andrew Shore, Author at NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing -</title>
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	<description>Instrumentos de metrologia para pesquisa de materiais e controle de qualidade</description>
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	<title>Andrew Shore, Author at NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing -</title>
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		<title>Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 20:57:16 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Stent Coating Adhesion Testing Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing Quantifying Coating Failure and Adhesion Performance on Drug-Eluting Stents Request Coating Adhesion Testing Speak with an Application Engineer Research &#38; Experimental Testing Duanjie Li, PhD Visual Design &#38; Editorial Andrew Shore Introduction Blood is carried through arteries from [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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									<p>Application Note | Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</p>								</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Quantifying Coating Failure and Adhesion Performance on Drug-Eluting Stents</h2>				</div>
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															<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1400" height="420" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-delamination-nano-scratch-critical-load.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26273" alt="stent coating adhesion testing nano scratch delamination critical load" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrew Shore</p>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introdução</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">Blood is carried through arteries from the heart to the rest of the body. Any weakening or blockage of these vessels can pose significant health risks and may become life-threatening. A stent is a small mesh tube inserted into the lumen of a blood vessel to treat narrowed or weakened arteries. Stent implantation is now a widely used procedure to support the arterial wall and restore blood flowᶦ.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="1200" height="320" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/medical-stent-mesh-structure-metal-stent-geometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26304" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Metal stent mesh geometry illustrating the structural complexity of vascular implant design.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why coating adhesion matters in drug-eluting stents</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="786" data-end="1054">Drug-eluting stents represent a major advancement in stent technology. They incorporate a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer coating that enables controlled drug release at the arterial site, helping to inhibit intimal thickening and reduce the risk of restenosisᶦᶦ.</p><p data-start="1056" data-end="1284">A critical concern in these systems is the delamination of the polymer coating from the metallic stent substrate. This coating carries the drug-eluting layer, and its adhesion directly impacts device performance and reliability.</p><p data-start="1286" data-end="1537">To improve coating adhesion, stents are often designed with complex geometries. In this study, the polymer coating is located at the bottom of grooves within the stent mesh. This configuration presents a significant challenge for adhesion measurement.</p><p data-start="1539" data-end="1795">A reliable method is required to quantitatively evaluate the interfacial strength between the polymer coating and the metal substrate. The small diameter of the stent mesh, comparable to a human hair, combined with its three-dimensional geometry, requires:</p><ul data-start="1796" data-end="1916"><li data-section-id="1n0qc6y" data-start="1796" data-end="1834">ultrafine X-Y positioning accuracy</li><li data-section-id="1003zy" data-start="1835" data-end="1870">precise control of applied load</li><li data-section-id="q3r43w" data-start="1871" data-end="1916">accurate depth measurement during testing</li></ul>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Saiba mais sobre <a href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/">nanoindentation and scratch testing lab services for coating adhesion and failure analysis</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="267" data-end="454">Nano scratch testing is performed using the <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">Testador Mecânico NANOVEA PB1000</a>, in Nano Scratch Mode, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal mesh of stent samples.</p><p data-start="460" data-end="648">Controlled scratch measurements are carried out on stent geometries with dimensions comparable to a human hair, enabling precise evaluation of coating adhesion on complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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							<img decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanoindenter-scratch-tester-platform-nanovea-pb1000.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25767" alt="Plataforma de nanoindentador e testador de riscos NANOVEA PB1000 com módulos de nano e microindentação" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Condições de teste</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The stent is fixed on the sample stage, with a support wire inserted inside the stent tube to ensure stability during nano scratch testing. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester is used to perform nano scratch measurements using the parameters summarized in Table 1, to evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of the polymer coating on the metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Load type</td><td>Progressivo</td></tr><tr><td>Initial load</td><td>0.05 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Final load</td><td>300 and 100 mN</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding speed</td><td>0.5 mm/min</td></tr><tr><td>Sliding distance</td><td>0.5 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter geometry</td><td>Cônico</td></tr><tr><td>Indenter material (tip)</td><td>Diamante</td></tr><tr><td>Raio da ponta do indentador</td><td>20 µm</td></tr><tr><td>Temperatura</td><td>24°C (room)</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Tabela 1: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on regular stent samples</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1073" data-end="1296">The SEM image in Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of the stent sample. The stent features a groove with a depth of approximately 30 µm. The polymer coating, with a thickness of 10.8 µm, is located at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="1298" data-end="1497">Standard 60° conical diamond tips are not sharp enough to reach the bottom of the groove without contacting the sidewalls. Therefore, a sharper 40° conical diamond tip is used in this study (Fig. 2).</p><p data-start="1499" data-end="1582">Nano scratch measurements are performed using the parameters summarized in Table 2.</p>								</div>
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<table class="measurement-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Parameter</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Load type</td>
<td>Progressivo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial load</td>
<td>0.1 mN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final load</td>
<td>300 mN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Taxa de carregamento</td>
<td>300 mN/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scratch length</td>
<td>0.25 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scratch speed</td>
<td>0.25 mm/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indenter geometry</td>
<td>40° cone</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indenter material (tip)</td>
<td>Diamante</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Raio da ponta do indentador</td>
<td>5 µm</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Table 2: </span>Test parameters for nano scratch measurements on grooved stent samples</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="932" height="1042" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-cross-section-sem-adhesion-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26288" alt="stent groove cross section polymer coating thickness adhesion analysis nano scratch testing" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 1: </span>SEM cross-section of a grooved stent showing polymer coating located at the bottom of the groove, highlighting the challenge of coating adhesion measurement in recessed geometries.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-diamond-tip-40-degree-stent-groove-testing.svg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26289" alt="nano scratch diamond tip 40 degree stent groove coating adhesion testing schematic" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 2: </span>Schematic of a 40° conical diamond tip designed for nano scratch testing inside stent grooves, enabling accurate adhesion measurement without sidewall interference.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resultados e Discussão</h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 100 μm, comparable to a human hair. Precise positioning is therefore critical to ensure the scratch test is performed at the center of the stent mesh. The NANOVEA Mechanical Tester provides X–Y positioning accuracy down to 0.25 μm, enabling accurate test placement under the integrated optical microscope.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1. Regular Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="641" data-end="857">Nano scratch testing is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch track on the stent is shown in Fig. 3a, while failure behavior at different stages is presented in Fig. 3b and 3c.</p><p data-start="859" data-end="893">Two critical loads are identified:</p><ul data-start="894" data-end="1061"><li data-section-id="14iz9qw" data-start="894" data-end="972">Lc1: the load at which the first visible damage appears on the coating</li><li data-section-id="1mmzt6b" data-start="973" data-end="1061">Lc2: the load at which the coating is fully removed and the substrate is exposed</li></ul><p data-start="1063" data-end="1226">The evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth is shown in Fig. 4, providing insight into the progression of coating failure during the test.</p><p data-start="1228" data-end="1499">The first signs of coating damage appear at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN. As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a wider and deeper scratch track. During this phase, the COF increases from approximately 0.05 to 0.7.</p><p data-start="1501" data-end="1756">At Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN, the coating is fully delaminated from the metal substrate. Beyond this point, as the load continues to increase, both COF and penetration depth remain relatively stable due to the mechanical support of the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-23d3399 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="23d3399" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="404" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-nano-scratch-track-full-progressive-load.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26293" alt="nano scratch track stent coating progressive load adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Full Scratch Track</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7016a63 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7016a63" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-initial-failure-lc1-nano-scratch-14-5mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26294" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) <strong data-start="599" data-end="616">Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="897" height="670" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-delamination-lc2-nano-scratch-78-1mn.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26295" alt="stent coating delamination lc2 nano scratch 78.1 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) <strong data-start="625" data-end="642">Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN</strong></p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 3: </span>Nano scratch track on a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing (a) full scratch path, (b) initial coating failure at Lc1 ≈ 14.5 mN, and (c) complete coating delamination at Lc2 ≈ 78.1 mN.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9cfe8c elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c9cfe8c" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1751" height="725" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-stent-coating-failure-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26296" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating coefficient of friction depth progression adhesion failure" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 4: </span>Evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth during nano scratch testing of a stent coating under progressively increasing load, showing the progression of coating failure and transition to substrate support.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f9e723a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f9e723a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="246" data-end="537">Failures during nano scratch testing up to a maximum load of 300 mN occur at critical loads below 100 mN. To enable a more quantitative comparison of coating performance, additional tests are performed with a maximum load of 100 mN on two stent samples, referred to as Sample 1 and Sample 2.</p><p data-start="539" data-end="794">Fig. 5 compares the scratch tracks of Sample 1 and Sample 2 after nano scratch testing. Sample 1 exhibits the first sign of coating damage at a critical load of Lc1 ≈ 13.2 mN, while Sample 2 shows initial failure at a higher load of Lc1 ≈ 21.1 mN.</p><p data-start="796" data-end="1002">Coating delamination occurs at 62.5 mN for Sample 1. In contrast, the coating on Sample 2 remains intact throughout the test, continuing to protect the metal substrate under the same loading conditions.</p><p data-start="1004" data-end="1350">This behavior is further reflected in the evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth, as shown in Fig. 6. When the diamond tip penetrates through the coating and contacts the metal substrate in Sample 1, the COF reaches a peak while the penetration depth decreases due to the increased stiffness of the underlying substrate.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample1-early-failure-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26297" alt="stent coating sample 1 early failure nano scratch track delamination adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 1 – Early Coating Failure</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1797" height="288" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-coating-sample2-high-adhesion-nano-scratch.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26298" alt="stent coating sample 2 high adhesion nano scratch track minimal damage testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(b) Sample 2 – Improved Coating Integrity</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 5: </span>Comparison of nano scratch tracks for two stent coatings, showing (a) early coating failure and delamination in Sample 1, and (b) improved coating integrity in Sample 2 under the same loading conditions.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="913" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-cof-depth-comparison-stent-coating-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26299" alt="nano scratch testing stent coating COF depth comparison sample 1 sample 2 adhesion performance" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 6: </span>Comparison of coefficient of friction (COF) and penetration depth for Sample 1 and Sample 2 during nano scratch testing, showing earlier substrate contact and higher friction response in Sample 1, indicating weaker coating adhesion.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f64c74c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f64c74c" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">2. Grooved Stent Samples</h3>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8c1a0ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8c1a0ec" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="279" data-end="601">As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the grooved stent mesh has a diameter of approximately 90 μm, comparable to a human hair. The groove has a width of ~50 μm and a depth of 30 μm. This geometry presents a significant challenge for nano scratch testing, particularly for evaluating coating adhesion at the bottom of the groove.</p><p data-start="603" data-end="847">Precise positioning is critical to locate the scratch test within the groove. The nano scratch test is performed with a progressively increasing load up to 300 mN. The full scratch tracks of grooved stent Samples 3 and 4 are compared in Fig. 7.</p><p data-start="849" data-end="1108">The critical load Lc is defined as the load at which the coating fails and the substrate becomes exposed. The evolution of normal load and penetration depth, shown in Fig. 8, provides further insight into the progression of coating failure during testing.</p><p data-start="1110" data-end="1331">As the applied load increases, the diamond tip progressively penetrates the polymer coating, resulting in a deeper scratch track. When the critical load Lc is reached, the coating delaminates from the metal substrate.</p><p data-start="1333" data-end="1516">Sample 3 exhibits coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN, while Sample 4 fails at a higher load of Lc ≈ 173 mN. This difference indicates stronger adhesion of the coating in Sample 4.</p><p data-start="1518" data-end="1773">The measured critical loads enable quantitative comparison of coating adhesion performance. Under the same testing conditions, the coating on Sample 4 demonstrates higher resistance to delamination, making it the better-performing candidate in this study.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-failure-sample3-nano-scratch-126mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26300" alt="stent groove coating failure sample 3 nano scratch 126 mN adhesion testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(c) Sample 3 – Coating Failure in Groove (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1794" height="966" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/stent-groove-coating-high-adhesion-sample4-nano-scratch-173mn.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26301" alt="stent groove coating adhesion sample 4 nano scratch 173 mN minimal failure testing" />															</div>
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									<p>(d) Sample 4 – Higher Adhesion in Groove (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 7: </span>Nano scratch tracks inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing (c) coating failure at Lc ≈ 126 mN in Sample 3 and (d) higher adhesion with delayed failure at Lc ≈ 173 mN in Sample 4.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample3-grooved-stent-failure.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26302" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>(a) Sample 3 – Earlier Coating Failure (Lc ≈ 126 mN)</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1500" height="680" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nano-scratch-load-depth-sample4-grooved-stent-high-adhesion.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26303" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="319" data-end="387">(b) Sample 4 – Delayed Failure and Higher Adhesion (Lc ≈ 173 mN)</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">Fig. 8: </span>Evolution of normal load and penetration depth during nano scratch testing inside stent grooves for Samples 3 and 4, showing earlier coating failure in Sample 3 and delayed failure at higher load in Sample 4. The vertical green line indicates the critical load (Lc) where coating delamination occurs.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusão</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="245" data-end="468">This study demonstrates the ability of the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester to quantitatively evaluate the cohesive and adhesive strength of polymer coatings on both regular and grooved stent geometries using nano scratch testing.</p><p data-start="470" data-end="825">The recessed geometry of the stent grooves, approximately 50 μm wide and 30 μm deep, presents a significant challenge for coating adhesion measurement. The high X–Y positioning accuracy of 0.25 μm enables precise placement of the scratch test within these confined regions, allowing direct evaluation of coating performance where failure is most critical.</p><p data-start="827" data-end="1124">By applying a controlled, progressively increasing load, critical loads associated with coating failure can be identified and compared across samples. This approach enables reliable differentiation of coating adhesion performance and interfacial integrity, even on small, complex stent structures.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referências</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[I] http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stents</em><br /><em>[II] http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402006000300008 </em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Stent Coating Adhesion Testing</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is stent coating adhesion testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Stent coating adhesion testing evaluates how strongly a polymer coating is bonded to the metal substrate of a stent. Techniques such as nano scratch testing quantify the load at which coating damage and delamination occur, providing measurable indicators of adhesion strength.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is critical load (Lc) in nano scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="658" data-end="746">Critical load (Lc) is the applied load at which a coating fails during a scratch test.</p><ul data-start="747" data-end="890"><li data-section-id="bhdxv4" data-start="747" data-end="813">Lc1 corresponds to the first visible damage in the coating</li><li data-section-id="4photk" data-start="814" data-end="890">Lc2 indicates complete coating removal and exposure of the substrate</li></ul><p data-start="892" data-end="967">These values are used to quantify and compare coating adhesion performance.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is coating adhesion important in drug-eluting stents?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Coating adhesion directly affects the reliability of drug-eluting stents. Poor adhesion can lead to coating delamination, which may compromise controlled drug release and increase the risk of device failure.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How do you measure coating adhesion inside stent grooves?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Measuring adhesion inside stent grooves requires high positioning accuracy and appropriate indenter geometry. Nano scratch testing with sharp diamond tips allows access to recessed coating regions, enabling direct evaluation of adhesion within complex stent geometries.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What does coefficient of friction (COF) indicate in scratch testing?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">The coefficient of friction (COF) reflects changes in surface interaction during the scratch test. A sudden increase in COF often indicates coating failure and contact between the indenter and the underlying metal substrate.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">How can nano scratch testing compare different coating formulations?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Nano scratch testing enables direct comparison of coatings by measuring critical loads under controlled conditions. Higher critical loads indicate stronger adhesion and improved resistance to delamination, allowing selection of better-performing coating systems.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Need Reliable Stent Coating Adhesion Testing?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/stent-coating-adhesion-testing-nano-scratch/">Stent Coating Adhesion and Delamination Analysis Using Nano Scratch Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 21:02:01 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
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		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=26196</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Application Note &#124; Dental Surface Characterization Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry Request Surface Analysis Ask an Expert Live Prepared by Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA Introduction The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="26196" class="elementor elementor-26196" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<p>Application Note | Dental Surface Characterization</p>								</div>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement and Full 3D Tooth Topography</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis Using Non-Contact Optical Profilometry</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26092" alt="Dental surface roughness measurement and 3D molar reconstruction using optical profilometry" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Walter Alabiso, PhD; Davide Morrone, MPhys; Andrew Shore, MA</p>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Introdução</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="836" data-end="1458">The ability to accurately characterize tooth surfaces, including micro-roughness and 3D surface topography at the nanometer scale, enables advanced research and applications in orthodontics and dental materials science. Non-contact optical profilometry provides a precise method for measuring dental surface roughness and analyzing tooth surface morphology without damaging delicate structures. These measurements support the development of composite dental materials that replicate the natural surface roughness of enamel, as well as the design and fabrication of patient-specific dental casts and restorative components.</p><p data-start="1460" data-end="1982">Low surface roughness plays a primary role in limiting bacterial adhesion and plaque formation, thereby reducing the risk of cavities. An increase in average roughness (Ra) above 2 µm leads to a steep increase in biofilm formation in vivo.¹ An Ra of 0.2 µm is considered the threshold value below which no further reduction in bacterial adhesion can be expected.²</p><p data-start="1984" data-end="2182">Reconstruction of the tooth’s 3D surface topography enables the fabrication of dental casts, which are essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and the fabrication of dental appliances.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Non-Contact Optical Profilometry for Dental Surface Analysis</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="232" data-end="713">The present study illustrates the potential of NANOVEA’s high-precision non-contact optical profilometers for dental surface roughness measurement and 3D tooth topography analysis. Chromatic Light technology offers significant advantages over classical touch probe techniques. It acquires data points from deep crevices and complex geometries without introducing measurement errors or artifacts caused by local plastic deformation and without requiring extensive data manipulation.</p><p data-start="715" data-end="1135">Compared to focus variation systems, single-point optical sensing provides superior lateral and height accuracy, with X/Y resolution below 0.5 µm, maximum vertical resolution of 1.9 nm, and the ability to measure surface angles up to 87°. The technique is effective on transparent, opaque, specular, diffusive, polished, and rough dental surfaces, making it well suited for comprehensive dental surface characterization.</p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Saiba mais sobre <a href="https://nanovea.com/surface-profiling-lab-services/">non-contact optical profilometry and surface roughness measurement services</a>.</em></p>								</div>
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		</section>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Measurement Method</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="313" data-end="697">Nesta aplicação, o <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/jr25/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler</a> was used to analyze the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar previously affected by tooth decay. The side of the tooth was scanned using a PS2–MG140 single-point optical sensor to measure surface roughness parameters over a defined region of interest and along multiple line profiles.</p><p data-start="699" data-end="888">The crown of the tooth was then scanned and reconstructed using a PS5–MG35 single-point optical sensor, which is suited for larger-area acquisition and full 3D tooth topography measurement.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;"><br />NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">JR25 Portable</span><br />Perfilômetro Óptico</p>								</div>
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							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/nanovea-jr25-portable-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25699" alt="NANOVEA JR25 portable optical profilometer for non-contact surface measurement" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Measurement Using NANOVEA Optical Profilometer</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="914" data-end="1026">Surface roughness measurements were performed on the lateral side of the molar crown, followed by full 3D reconstruction of the crown surface. Separate single-point optical sensors were used to optimize measurement accuracy for both localized roughness analysis and large-area surface topography acquisition.</p>								</div>
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									<p>PS2 – MG140</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/optical-profilometer-dental-surface-roughness-measurement.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26123" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Surface roughness analysis by area and parallel line profiles on the side of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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									<p>PS5 – MG35</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="351" height="465" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3d-tooth-topography-measurement-optical-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-26122" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Full 3D surface reconstruction of the tooth’s crown.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Parâmetros de medição</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">The following measurement parameters were used for localized surface roughness analysis and full 3D surface reconstruction of the molar crown using NANOVEA single-point optical sensors.</p>								</div>
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									<div class="measurement-table-wrapper"><table class="measurement-table"><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Area)</th><th>Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</th><th>Full 3D Reconstruction</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Optical Pen</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS2-MG140</td><td>PS5-MG35</td></tr><tr><td>Z-Range [µm]</td><td>300</td><td>300</td><td>10000</td></tr><tr><td>X-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>3.00</td><td>7.50</td></tr><tr><td>X-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>1.70</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Distance [mm]</td><td>2.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>7.00</td></tr><tr><td>Y-Step Size [µm]</td><td>1.70</td><td>100.00</td><td>10.00</td></tr><tr><td>Average (Avg)</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Measurement Type</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td><td>Direct</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Mode</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Single Frequency</td><td>Double Frequency</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition Rate [Hz]</td><td>200</td><td>200</td><td>100–400</td></tr><tr><td>Light Intensity [%]</td><td>100</td><td>100</td><td>100</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Optical Profilometry Results</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Surface Roughness Analysis (Area)</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The PS2 single-point optical sensor was used to investigate fine surface features on the side of the tooth. The image below shows a false-color 2D surface map of the scanned region obtained by non-contact optical profilometry.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1162" height="906" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-scanned-region-2d-height-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26127" alt="False-color 2D height map of scanned tooth surface region" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A least-squares degree-8 polynomial form removal was applied to isolate the surface roughness component. The roughness filters S-Gaussian 2.5 µm and L-Gaussian 0.8 mm were then applied according to ISO 25178. The resulting filtered surface and corresponding roughness parameters are presented below.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e80acb9 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e80acb9" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="950" height="748" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-iso-25178-filtered-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26133" alt="" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-roughness-table-wrapper"><table class="iso-roughness-table"><tbody><!-- Filter Settings --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">ISO 25178 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>F:</strong> [Workflow] Form removed (LS-poly 8)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><!-- Height Parameters Header --><tr class="section-header"><td colspan="4">Height Parameters</td></tr><!-- Height Parameter Rows --><tr><td class="param-code">Sq</td><td>2.433</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura da raiz quadrada média</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Ssk</td><td>-0.102</td><td> </td><td>Skewness</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">SKU</td><td>3.715</td><td> </td><td>Curtose</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sp</td><td>18.861</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura máxima do pico</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sv</td><td>16.553</td><td>µm</td><td>Maximum pit depth</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sz</td><td>35.414</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura máxima</td></tr><tr><td class="param-code">Sa</td><td>1.888</td><td>µm</td><td>Altura média aritmética</td></tr></tbody></table></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="117" data-end="216">The average surface roughness Sa is 1.888 µm, while the peak-to-valley height Sz reaches 35.414 µm.</p><p data-start="218" data-end="295">A 3D surface rendering of the filtered area is shown below for visualization.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="892" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-roughness-3d-render-iso-filtered.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26129" alt="3D rendering of ISO 25178 filtered tooth surface roughness" />															</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Roughness Analysis (Profiles)</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Surface roughness profiles were measured using a series of 11 parallel line scans along the X direction on the side of the tooth. The false-color 2D surface map of the raw scan is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-raw-scan-2d-map.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26143" alt="False-color 2D raw scan of tooth surface for line roughness profiles" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The surface form was removed using a least-squares 8-degree polynomial prior to applying the metrological filters, leaving the residual surface shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1298" height="517" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-residual-after-form-removal.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26144" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">A statistical analysis of the measured surface roughness profiles reveals the following line roughness parameters.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1670" height="606" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-line-roughness-profile-overlay-analysis.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26148" alt="Overlay of multiple tooth surface roughness profiles for statistical analysis" />															</div>
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Nenhum</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">5.683</td><td class="center">0.761</td><td class="center">4.315</td><td class="center">6.610</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">6.242</td><td class="center">1.009</td><td class="center">4.701</td><td class="center">8.438</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">11.925</td><td class="center">1.676</td><td class="center">9.123</td><td class="center">15.048</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.063</td><td class="center">0.297</td><td class="center">1.710</td><td class="center">2.629</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">2.523</td><td class="center">0.361</td><td class="center">2.057</td><td class="center">3.175</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Nenhum</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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									<p data-start="184" data-end="276">The value of Ra is consistent with the Sa value extracted from the surface area measurement.</p><p data-start="278" data-end="659">Different metrological filters can be applied to distinguish between macroscopic waviness and microscopic surface roughness. For example, a coarser filter cut-off, such as the 8 mm cut-off used with the Robust Gaussian order-2 filter, produces a smoother waviness profile (red) that is less sensitive to sharp local variations and follows the original surface profile more loosely.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1855" height="800" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-waviness-vs-roughness-filter-comparison.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26158" alt="Comparison of waviness and roughness profiles on tooth surface using coarse filter" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Alternatively, a finer cut-off (e.g., 0.08 mm) enables the analysis of micro-roughness by removing the waviness component that follows the original profile at a larger scale, leaving the finer surface roughness features of the tooth visible.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1853" height="790" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-profile-filtering.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26159" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The microroughness analysis obtained using a 0.08 mm L-Gaussian filter is presented below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="431" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-surface-microroughness-final-profile.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26160" alt="Final microroughness profile of tooth surface after filtering" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7829cdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7829cdd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<div class="iso-profile-wrapper"><p><!-- Desktop / wide screens --></p><table class="iso-profile-table iso-profile-desktop"><colgroup> <col class="col-code" /> <col class="col-unit" /> <col class="col-desc" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> <col class="col-num" /> </colgroup><tbody><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>F:</strong> Nenhum</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.08 mm</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-meta"><td colspan="7"><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (37)</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-section"><td colspan="7">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</td></tr><tr class="iso-profile-header"><th class="center"> </th><th class="center"> </th><th>Description</th><th class="center">Mean</th><th class="center">Std dev</th><th class="center">Min</th><th class="center">Max</th></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rp</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.582</td><td class="center">0.122</td><td class="center">1.342</td><td class="center">1.748</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rv</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">1.466</td><td class="center">0.119</td><td class="center">1.254</td><td class="center">1.661</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rz</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</td><td class="center">3.049</td><td class="center">0.196</td><td class="center">2.820</td><td class="center">3.409</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Ra</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.495</td><td class="center">0.047</td><td class="center">0.423</td><td class="center">0.597</td></tr><tr><td class="iso-profile-code">Rq</td><td class="iso-profile-unit">µm</td><td class="iso-profile-desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</td><td class="center">0.643</td><td class="center">0.056</td><td class="center">0.562</td><td class="center">0.762</td></tr></tbody></table><p><!-- Mobile / tablet stacked cards --></p><div class="iso-profile-mobile"><div class="iso-profile-card-head">ISO 4287 – Roughness (S-L)</div><div class="iso-profile-meta-block"><div><strong>F:</strong> Nenhum</div><div><strong>S-filter (λs):</strong> Gaussian, 2.5 µm</div><div><strong>L-filter (λc):</strong> Gaussian, 0.8 mm</div><div><strong>Evaluation length:</strong> All λc (3)</div></div><div class="iso-profile-card-section">Amplitude Parameters – Roughness Profile</div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rp</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum peak height of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>5.683</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.761</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.315</strong></div><div>Max<strong>6.610</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rv</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum valley depth of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>6.242</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.009</strong></div><div>Min<strong>4.701</strong></div><div>Max<strong>8.438</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rz</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Maximum height of roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>11.925</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>1.676</strong></div><div>Min<strong>9.123</strong></div><div>Max<strong>15.048</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Ra</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.063</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.297</strong></div><div>Min<strong>1.710</strong></div><div>Max<strong>2.629</strong></div></div></div><div class="iso-profile-card"><div class="iso-profile-card-title"><span class="badge">Rq</span><span class="unit">µm</span></div><div class="desc">Root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of the roughness profile</div><div class="grid"><div>Mean<strong>2.523</strong></div><div>Std dev<strong>0.361</strong></div><div>Min<strong>2.057</strong></div><div>Max<strong>3.175</strong></div></div></div></div></div>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Full 3D Tooth Surface Topography Reconstruction</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">The extended Z-scan range of the PS5 optical sensor enables high-fidelity scanning of the entire tooth crown surface. The resulting 3D surface topography is shown below.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="469" height="348" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tooth-crown-surface-topography-3d-optical-profilometry.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26172" alt="False-color surface topography map of full tooth crown measured with optical profilometer" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">2D VIEW: </span>2D surface map of the tooth crown measured with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="930" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/molar-crown-3d-surface-reconstruction-profilometer.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-26173" alt="3D surface reconstruction of molar crown from optical profilometer scan" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">3D VIEW: </span>High-fidelity 3D rendering of the molar crown surface obtained with optical profilometry</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-683f81e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="683f81e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusão</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="401" data-end="560">In this application, the NANOVEA JR25 Non-Contact Optical Profiler was used to measure the surface roughness and 3D surface topography of an adult human molar.</p><p data-start="562" data-end="922">Both the area scan and the line profile analysis revealed a roughness Rq of approximately 2.5 µm and an Ra of about 1.9–2.0 µm. These values are consistent with results reported in the literature.³ The use of a narrower L-Gaussian filter with an 80 µm cut-off enabled further investigation of micro-roughness, revealing an Rq of 0.643 µm and an Ra of 0.495 µm.</p><p data-start="924" data-end="1270">The full 3D surface topography of the molar crown was reconstructed with high fidelity. The high measurement resolution allows detection of fine surface features and crevices. The resulting surface data can be easily processed and exported as STL files, enabling the design and fabrication of customized dental devices and restorative components.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Referências</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843"><em>[1] Shin, B.W., et al. Surface Roughness of Prefabricated Pediatric Zirconia Crowns Following Simulated Toothbrushing. Pediatric Dentistry 44.5 (2022): 363–367.</em><br /><em>[2] Bollen, C.M.L., Paul Lambrechts, and Marc Quirynen. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: A review of the literature. Dental Materials 13.4 (1997): 258–269.</em><br /><em>[3] Suputtamongkol, K., et al. Surface roughness resulting from wear of lithia-disilicate-based posterior crowns. Wear 269.3–4 (2010): 317–322.</em></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions About Dental Surface Roughness Measurement</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What is dental surface roughness measurement?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Dental surface roughness measurement quantifies the microscopic texture of tooth surfaces using parameters such as Ra, Rq, and Sa. Optical profilometers measure these features without contacting the surface, allowing accurate analysis of enamel, restorative materials, and dental crowns.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why use optical profilometry to measure tooth roughness?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Optical profilometry provides non-contact surface measurement with nanometer-scale vertical resolution. It captures 2D surface maps and full 3D surface topography of dental structures without damaging soft or polished surfaces.</p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cf1f839 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cf1f839" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">What roughness parameters are used for dental surface analysis?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Common roughness parameters include Ra (arithmetic mean roughness), Rq (root mean square roughness), Sa (areal roughness), and Sz (maximum surface height). These parameters help evaluate enamel wear, plaque adhesion risk, and the performance of restorative materials.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why is surface roughness important in dentistry?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Surface roughness affects plaque retention, wear resistance, and the long-term performance of dental restorations. Controlling micro-roughness can reduce bacterial adhesion and improve the durability of dental materials.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Need Reliable Surface Roughness Measurement for Dental Materials?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/dental-surface-roughness-measurement-3d-tooth-topography/">Dental Surface Roughness Measurement &#038; 3D Tooth Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Teste de resistência a arranhões de protetores de tela de telefones</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/teste-de-resistencia-a-arranhoes-de-protetores-de-tela-de-telefones/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=scratch-resistance-testing-of-phone-screen-protectors</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/teste-de-resistencia-a-arranhoes-de-protetores-de-tela-de-telefones/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 17:42:04 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Fracture Toughness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scratch Testing | Cohesive Failure]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=25222</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Teste de resistência a arranhões de protetores de tela de telefone Preparado por Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza e Pierre Leroux Entendendo a resistência a arranhões em protetores de tela de telefone Os revestimentos protetores em telas de telefone desempenham um papel fundamental na resistência a arranhões, na força de adesão e na durabilidade a longo prazo. Com o tempo, arranhões, microfissuras e delaminação do revestimento podem reduzir a clareza óptica e a confiabilidade - especialmente [...]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/teste-de-resistencia-a-arranhoes-de-protetores-de-tela-de-telefones/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="25222" class="elementor elementor-25222" data-elementor-post-type="post">
						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f94c24a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f94c24a" data-element_type="section">
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Teste de resistência a arranhões de protetores de tela de telefones</h1>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="307" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/cracked-phone-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25259" alt="" />															</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</p>				</div>
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					<p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Stacey Pereira, Jocelyn Esparza e Pierre Leroux</p>				</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5911d1 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b5911d1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Entendendo a resistência a arranhões nos protetores de tela de telefones</h2>				</div>
				</div>
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									<p data-start="327" data-end="820">Os revestimentos de proteção nas telas dos telefones desempenham um papel fundamental na resistência a arranhões, na força de adesão e na durabilidade a longo prazo. Com o tempo, arranhões, microfissuras e delaminação do revestimento podem reduzir a clareza óptica e a confiabilidade, especialmente em ambientes de uso intenso. Para avaliar como os diferentes protetores de tela resistem a danos mecânicos, os testes de arranhões instrumentados fornecem uma visão quantificável dos mecanismos de falha do revestimento, incluindo adesão, coesão e comportamento de fratura.</p><p data-start="822" data-end="1136">Neste estudo, <a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">Testador Mecânico NANOVEA PB1000</a> é usado para comparar os protetores de tela de TPU com os de vidro temperado sob carga progressiva controlada. Usando a detecção precisa de emissões acústicas, identificamos cargas críticas de falha e caracterizamos como cada material responde ao aumento do estresse mecânico.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Por que o teste de resistência a arranhões é importante para os protetores de tela</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-aae756f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="aae756f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">Muitos usuários presumem que protetores mais espessos ou mais duros têm automaticamente um desempenho melhor, mas a durabilidade real depende de como o material se comporta sob carga progressiva, deformação da superfície e estresse localizado. Os testes de arranhões instrumentados permitem que os engenheiros meçam a adesão do revestimento, a força coesiva, a resistência ao desgaste da superfície e as cargas exatas nas quais as falhas se iniciam ou se propagam.</p><p data-start="1622" data-end="1964">Ao analisar os pontos de início de rachaduras, o comportamento de delaminação e os modos de falha, os fabricantes podem validar o desempenho do protetor de tela para P&amp;D, controle de qualidade ou benchmarking comparativo. Os testes de nano e micro arranhões oferecem uma visão repetível e orientada por dados sobre a durabilidade no mundo real, muito além das classificações tradicionais de dureza.</p>								</div>
				</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Saiba mais sobre <a class="decorated-link cursor-pointer" href="https://nanovea.com/nanoindentation-and-scratch-testing-lab-services/" target="_new" rel="noopener" data-start="2047" data-end="2121">Serviços de teste de arranhões e aderência para revestimentos e protetores de tela.</a></em></p>								</div>
				</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6911f48 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6911f48" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Objetivo do teste de raspagem: <br>Medição de cargas de falha em protetores de tela</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1fb52d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1fb52d9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="1702" data-end="2144">O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar como o NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester realiza testes padronizados e repetíveis de resistência a arranhões em protetores de tela poliméricos e de vidro. Ao aumentar progressivamente a carga aplicada, o sistema detecta cargas críticas para falhas coesivas e adesivas, captura sinais de emissão acústica e correlaciona esses eventos com a profundidade do arranhão, a força de fricção e a deformação da superfície.</p><p data-start="2146" data-end="2656">Essa metodologia fornece um perfil mecânico completo de cada revestimento protetor, permitindo que os fabricantes e as equipes de P&amp;D avaliem as formulações de materiais, a força de adesão do revestimento, a durabilidade da superfície e a espessura ideal do revestimento para melhorar o desempenho do produto. Essas avaliações de riscos fazem parte do conjunto mais amplo da NANOVEA de <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">soluções para testes mecânicos</a> usado para caracterizar revestimentos, filmes e substratos em ambientes de P&amp;D, controle de qualidade e produção.</p>								</div>
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							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="298" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/NANOVEA-Scratch-Tester-amd-Nanoindentation.jpg" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22859" alt="TESTADOR DE ARRANHÕES NANOVEA: TESTE DE DESGASTE DE REVESTIMENTO DE PTFE" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Parâmetros do teste de raspagem e configuração do instrumento</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="1228" data-end="1620">A avaliação da resistência a arranhões dos protetores de tela de TPU e vidro temperado foi realizada em condições controladas para garantir a repetibilidade e a detecção precisa da carga de falha. Os parâmetros a seguir definem a configuração do teste de arranhões de carga progressiva usado no NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester.</p>								</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 75%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50.0898%; padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;">TIPO CARREGADO</td>
<td style="width: 49.9102%; padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;">PROGRESSIVO</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">CARGA INICIAL</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">0.1 N</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">CARGA FINAL</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">12 N</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">VELOCIDADE DE DESLIZAMENTO</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3,025 mm/min</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">DISTÂNCIA DE DESLIZAMENTO</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">GEOMETRIA INDENTER</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">ROCKWELL (CONE DE 120°)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">MATERIAL DO INDENTADOR (PONTA)</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">DIAMANTE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">RAIO DA PONTA INDENTADA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">50 µm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">ATMOSPHERE</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">AR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; width: 50.0898%; text-align: left;">TEMPERATURA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; width: 49.9102%; text-align: right;">24 °C (TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE)</td>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABELA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> <span class="fontstyle0">Parâmetros de teste usados para testes de arranhões</span> <br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="658" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-mechanical-tester-screen-protector-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25228" alt="Amostra de protetor de tela submetida a teste de arranhões no testador mecânico NANOVEA PB1000" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8e1a70e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8e1a70e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>Amostra de protetor de tela montada no NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester durante a medição de arranhões com carga progressiva.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Amostras de protetores de tela usadas para testes de resistência a arranhões</h2>				</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-76e6903 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="76e6903" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="339" data-end="686">Dois materiais protetores de tela disponíveis no mercado foram selecionados para comparar as diferenças de resistência a arranhões, comportamento de falha e durabilidade mecânica. Ambas as amostras foram montadas com segurança no NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester e avaliadas sob condições idênticas de carga progressiva para garantir uma comparação consistente e imparcial.</p><p data-start="688" data-end="1108">O protetor de tela TPU representa um filme polimérico flexível com alta elasticidade, mas menor resistência à abrasão, enquanto o protetor de tela de vidro temperado representa um material rígido e quebradiço projetado para alta dureza e maior proteção contra impactos. O teste de ambos os materiais sob o mesmo perfil de carga permite uma avaliação clara de como a composição do material, a elasticidade e a dureza influenciam os modos de falha de arranhões.</p>								</div>
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									<p>Protetor de tela TPU</p>								</div>
				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tpu-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25234" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>Vidro temperado</p>								</div>
				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="188" height="300" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/nanovea-tempered-glass-screen-protector-sample-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-25233" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 1:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Protetores de tela de TPU e vidro temperado preparados para testes de resistência a arranhões.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55f91f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="55f91f5" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resultados do teste de arranhões: Modos de falha em protetores de tela de TPU vs. vidro temperado</h2>				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 75%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">TIPO DE PROTETOR DE TELA</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #1 (N)</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">TPU</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">n/a</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">2.004 ± 0.063</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">VIDRO TEMPERADO</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.608 ± 0.281</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">7.44 ± 0.995</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABELA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Resumo das cargas críticas para cada amostra de protetor de tela.</span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1be118e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1be118e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p data-start="548" data-end="837">Como os protetores de tela de TPU e de vidro temperado têm propriedades mecânicas fundamentalmente diferentes, cada amostra apresentou modos de falha distintos e limites de carga crítica durante o teste de arranhões com carga progressiva. A Tabela 2 resume as cargas críticas medidas para cada material.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">A carga crítica #1 representa o primeiro ponto observável de falha coesiva sob microscopia óptica, como início de rachadura ou fratura radial.</p><p data-start="839" data-end="1181">A Carga Crítica #2 corresponde ao primeiro grande evento detectado por meio do monitoramento de emissão acústica (AE), normalmente representando uma falha estrutural maior ou um evento de penetração.</p><h3 data-start="1188" data-end="1246"><strong data-start="1192" data-end="1244">Protetor de tela TPU - Comportamento de polímero flexível</strong></h3><p data-start="1247" data-end="1487">O protetor de tela TPU apresentou apenas um evento crítico significativo (Carga crítica #2). Essa carga corresponde ao ponto ao longo da trilha de arranhões em que o filme começou a se levantar, descascar ou delaminar da superfície da tela do telefone.</p><p data-start="1489" data-end="1789">Quando a carga crítica #2 (≈2,00 N) foi excedida, o indentador penetrou o suficiente para causar um arranhão visível diretamente na tela do telefone durante o restante do teste. Nenhum evento separado de Carga Crítica #1 foi detectável, o que é consistente com a alta elasticidade do material e a baixa resistência de coesão.</p><h3 data-start="1796" data-end="1864"><strong data-start="1800" data-end="1862">Protetor de tela de vidro temperado - Comportamento de falha frágil</strong></h3><p data-start="1865" data-end="1977">O protetor de tela de vidro temperado apresentou duas cargas críticas distintas, características de materiais frágeis:</p><ul data-start="1979" data-end="2284"><li data-start="1979" data-end="2142"><p data-start="1981" data-end="2142">Carga crítica #1 (≈3,61 N): Fraturas radiais e início de rachaduras foram observados no microscópio, indicando falha coesiva precoce da camada de vidro.</p></li><li data-start="2143" data-end="2284"><p data-start="2145" data-end="2284">Carga crítica #2 (≈7,44 N): Um grande pico de EA e um aumento acentuado na profundidade do arranhão indicaram a penetração do protetor em cargas mais altas.</p></li></ul><p data-start="2286" data-end="2495">Embora a magnitude do EA tenha sido maior do que a do TPU, nenhum dano foi transferido para a tela do telefone, demonstrando a capacidade do protetor de vidro temperado de absorver e distribuir a carga antes de uma falha catastrófica.</p><p data-start="2497" data-end="2665">Em ambos os materiais, a Carga Crítica #2 correspondeu ao momento em que o indentador rompeu o protetor de tela, confirmando o limite de proteção de cada amostra.</p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b58c652 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b58c652" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Protetor de tela TPU: Dados do teste de arranhões e análise de falhas</h3>				</div>
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									<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 50%; margin: 0 auto; border: none;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><td style="padding: 8px;">SCRATCH</td><td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.033</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.047</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1.931</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">MÉDIA</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2.003</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">DESVIO PADRÃO</td><td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.052</td></tr></tbody></table>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABELA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Cargas críticas medidas durante o teste de arranhões do protetor de tela TPU.</span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25239" alt="Gráfico mostrando atrito, força normal, emissões acústicas e profundidade versus comprimento do arranhão para o protetor de tela TPU testado no testador mecânico NANOVEA." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 2:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Força de atrito, carga normal, emissão acústica (AE) e profundidade do arranhão vs. comprimento do arranhão para o protetor de tela TPU. <span class="fontstyle0">(B) Carga crítica #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-2-scratch-test.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25240" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 3:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagem de microscopia óptica do protetor de tela TPU na Carga Crítica #2 (ampliação de 5×; largura da imagem 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="256" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tpu-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-full-length-image.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25241" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagem completa pós-arranhão do protetor de tela TPU mostrando o rastro completo do arranhão após o teste de carga progressiva.</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"><br /></span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b076c23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b076c23" data-element_type="section">
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Protetor de tela de vidro temperado: Dados de carga crítica e comportamento de fratura</h3>				</div>
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<tbody>
<tr style="background-color: #1b96cf; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">
<td style="padding: 8px;">SCRATCH</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #1 (N)</td>
<td style="padding: 8px;">CARGA CRÍTICA #2 (N)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">1</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.923</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">7.366</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">2</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.382</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.483</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.519</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">8.468</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">MÉDIA</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">3.653</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">6.925</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; color: #1b96cf; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">DESVIO PADRÃO</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.383</td>
<td style="padding: 6px 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">0.624</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">TABELA 4:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Cargas críticas medidas durante o teste de arranhões do protetor de tela de vidro temperado.</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>ℹ️<em data-start="1410" data-end="1468"> Para comparação com revestimentos de polímeros sem silicato, consulte nosso estudo sobre <a href="https://nanovea.com/ptfe-coating-wear-test/">Teste de desgaste do revestimento de PTFE</a>, que destaca o comportamento de falha em filmes de polímero de baixo atrito sob condições semelhantes de carga progressiva.</em></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="453" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-scratch-test-friction-normal-force-acoustic-emission-depth.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25242" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 5:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Força de atrito, carga normal, emissão acústica (AE) e profundidade do arranhão vs. comprimento do arranhão para o protetor de tela de vidro temperado. <span class="fontstyle0">(A) Carga crítica #1 (B) Carga crítica #2</span><br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="380" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25243" alt="Imagens de microscopia óptica mostrando os locais de falha de Carga Crítica #1 e Carga Crítica #2 no protetor de tela de vidro temperado durante o teste de arranhões com ampliação de 5x usando o testador mecânico NANOVEA." />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 6:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagens de microscopia óptica mostrando os locais de falha da Carga Crítica #1 (esquerda) e da Carga Crítica #2 (direita) com ampliação de 5× (largura da imagem: 0,8934 mm).<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="252" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tempered-glass-screen-protector-post-scratch-test-microscopy-critical-load-1-and-2.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-25244" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #1b96cf;">FIGURA 7:</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="color: #000000;"> Imagem de microscopia óptica pós-teste da trilha de arranhões de vidro temperado, destacando o início da fratura (CL#1) e a zona de penetração final (CL#2) após o teste de carga progressiva.<br /></span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Conclusão: Comparação do desempenho contra arranhões de protetores de tela de TPU vs. vidro temperado</h2>				</div>
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									<p data-start="414" data-end="843">Este estudo demonstra como o NANOVEA PB1000 Mechanical Tester fornece medições de resistência a arranhões controladas, repetíveis e altamente sensíveis usando carga progressiva e detecção de emissão acústica (AE). Ao capturar com precisão os eventos de falha coesiva e adesiva, o sistema permite uma comparação clara de como os protetores de tela de TPU e de vidro temperado se comportam sob crescente estresse mecânico.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Os resultados experimentais confirmam que o vidro temperado apresenta cargas críticas significativamente mais altas do que o TPU, proporcionando resistência superior a arranhões, início retardado da fratura e proteção confiável contra a penetração do indentador. A menor resistência coesiva do TPU e a delaminação precoce destacam suas limitações em ambientes de alta tensão.</p><p data-start="845" data-end="1188">Depois de identificar as cargas de falha, os rastros resultantes também podem ser analisados usando um <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfilômetro óptico 3D sem contato</a> para medir a profundidade da ranhura, a deformação residual e a topografia pós-risco. Isso ajuda a completar o perfil mecânico de cada material.</p><p data-start="1190" data-end="1564">O NANOVEA Mechanical Tester foi projetado para testes precisos e repetíveis de indentação, arranhões e desgaste, e suporta nano e micro módulos em conformidade com as normas ISO e ASTM. Sua versatilidade o torna uma solução ideal para avaliar o perfil mecânico completo de filmes finos, revestimentos, polímeros, vidros e substratos em P&amp;D, produção e controle de qualidade.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Perguntas frequentes <br> Sobre o teste de resistência a arranhões</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">O que é o teste de resistência a arranhões?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">O teste de resistência a arranhões avalia como um material ou revestimento responde quando uma ponta de diamante aplica uma carga progressivamente crescente. O teste identifica as cargas críticas em que ocorrem falhas coesivas ou adesivas, fornecendo uma medida quantificável de durabilidade, força de adesão e resistência a danos na superfície.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Qual é a diferença entre falha coesiva e adesiva?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Ocorre uma falha coesiva <em data-start="840" data-end="848">dentro de</em> o revestimento ou o material, como rachaduras, rasgos ou fraturas internas.<br data-start="921" data-end="924" />A falha do adesivo ocorre quando o revestimento se desprende do substrato, indicando uma força de adesão insuficiente.</p><p data-start="168" data-end="494">O NANOVEA PB1000 detecta ambos usando monitoramento de emissão acústica sincronizada, rastreamento de profundidade de arranhões e análise de fricção.</p>								</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Por que usar um testador mecânico em vez de métodos manuais?</h3>				</div>
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									<p data-start="168" data-end="494">Um testador mecânico como o NANOVEA PB1000 fornece medições precisas, repetíveis e padronizadas, garantindo dados confiáveis para P&amp;D, validação de produção e controle de qualidade. Ele também oferece recursos avançados, como detecção de emissão acústica e monitoramento de profundidade em tempo real, que os métodos manuais não podem oferecer.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Precisa de testes de arranhões confiáveis para seus materiais?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/teste-de-resistencia-a-arranhoes-de-protetores-de-tela-de-telefones/">Scratch Resistance Testing of Phone Screen Protectors</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Medição de Desgaste In Situ em Alta Temperatura</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/in-situ-medida-de-desgaste-em-alta-temperatura/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=in-situ-wear-measurement-at-high-temperature</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/in-situ-medida-de-desgaste-em-alta-temperatura/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Ter, 29 de dezembro de 2020 22:20:45 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[High Temperature Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rotational Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=10121</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>IN SITU WEAR MEASUREMENT AT HIGH TEMPERATURE USING TRIBOMETER Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD INTRODUCTION The Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) is a type of robust electrical transformer used to measure linear displacement. It has been widely used in a variety of industrial applications, including power turbines, hydraulics, automation, aircraft, satellites, nuclear reactors, and many [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/in-situ-medida-de-desgaste-em-alta-temperatura/">In Situ Wear Measurement at High Temperature</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="10121" class="elementor elementor-10121" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">MEDIÇÃO DE DESGASTE IN SITU
EM ALTA TEMPERATURA</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">USANDO O TRIBÔMETRO</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="302" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/IN-SITU-WEAR-MEASUREMENT-Aerospace-Tribology.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9629" alt="Tribômetro Aeroespacial do IN-SITU WEAR MEASUREMENT" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>O Transformador Diferencial Linear Variável (LVDT) é um tipo de transformador elétrico robusto usado para medir o deslocamento linear. Tem sido amplamente utilizado em diversas aplicações industriais, incluindo turbinas de potência, hidráulica, automação, aeronaves, satélites, reatores nucleares, e muitas outras.</p>
<p>Neste estudo, apresentamos os add-ons de LVDT e módulos de alta temperatura do NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribômetro</a> que permitem que a alteração da profundidade da trilha de desgaste da amostra testada seja medida durante o processo de desgaste em temperaturas elevadas. Isso permite aos usuários correlacionar diferentes estágios do processo de desgaste com a evolução do COF, o que é fundamental para melhorar a compreensão fundamental do mecanismo de desgaste e das características tribológicas dos materiais para aplicações em altas temperaturas.</p>								</div>
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									<p>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</p>								</div>
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									<p><i>Neste estudo, gostaríamos de mostrar a capacidade do Tribômetro NANOVEA T50 para monitorar in situ a evolução do processo de desgaste dos materiais a temperaturas elevadas.</i></p><p><i>O processo de desgaste da cerâmica de silicato de alumina a diferentes temperaturas é simulado de forma controlada e monitorada.</i></p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>T50</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t50/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="705" height="695" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Robust-Tribometer-Nanovea-T50.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9876" alt="" />								</a>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-232b958 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="232b958" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PROCEDIMENTO DE TESTE</h2>				</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0bb13fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="0bb13fc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>O comportamento tribológico, por exemplo, coeficiente de atrito, COF e resistência ao desgaste das placas cerâmicas de silicato de alumina foi avaliado pelo Tribômetro NANOVEA. A placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina foi aquecida por um forno desde a temperatura ambiente, RT, até temperaturas elevadas (400°C e 800°C), seguido pelos testes de desgaste a tais temperaturas. </p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Para comparação, os testes de desgaste foram realizados quando a amostra esfriou de 800°C para 400°C e depois para a temperatura ambiente. Uma ponta esférica AI2O3 (6mm de diâmetro, grau 100) foi aplicada contra as amostras testadas. O COF, a profundidade de desgaste e a temperatura foram monitorados in situ.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e62194a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e62194a" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>PARÂMETROS DE TESTE</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">da medição pin-on-disk</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="783" height="150" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Test-parameters-of-the-pin-on-disk-measurement-09.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9647" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="461" height="436" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Tribometer-Sample-LVDT.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9644" alt="Tribômetro LVDT Amostra" />															</div>
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									<p>A taxa de desgaste, K, foi avaliada usando a fórmula K=V/(Fxs)=A/(Fxn), onde V é o volume gasto, F é a carga normal, s é a distância de deslizamento, A é a área da seção transversal da pista de desgaste, e n é o número de revolução. A rugosidade da superfície e os perfis da pista de desgaste foram avaliados pelo Perfurador Óptico NANOVEA, e a morfologia da pista de desgaste foi examinada usando um microscópio ótico.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS &amp; DISCUSSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>O COF e a profundidade da pista de desgaste registrados in situ são mostrados no FIGURA 1 e FIGURA 2, respectivamente. No FIGURA 1, "-I" indica o teste realizado quando a temperatura foi aumentada de RT para uma temperatura elevada. O "-D" representa a diminuição da temperatura a partir de uma temperatura mais alta de 800°C.</p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Como mostrado no FIGURA 1, as amostras testadas em diferentes temperaturas exibem um COF comparável de ~0,6 ao longo das medições. Um COF tão elevado leva a um processo de desgaste acelerado que cria uma quantidade substancial de detritos. A profundidade da pista de desgaste foi monitorada durante os testes de desgaste por LVDT, como mostrado na FIGURA 2. Os testes realizados à temperatura ambiente antes do aquecimento da amostra e após o resfriamento da amostra mostram que a placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina apresenta um processo de desgaste progressivo em RT, a profundidade da pista de desgaste aumenta gradualmente durante todo o teste de desgaste para ~170 e ~150 μm, respectivamente. </span></p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">Em comparação, os testes de desgaste em temperaturas elevadas (400°C e 800°C) apresentam um comportamento de desgaste diferente - a profundidade da pista de desgaste aumenta prontamente no início do processo de desgaste, e diminui à medida que o teste continua. A profundidade da pista de desgaste para testes realizados em temperaturas 400°C-I, 800°C e 400°C-D é de ~140, ~350 e ~210 μm, respectivamente.</span></p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-383bb84 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="383bb84" data-element_type="section">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="785" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Coefficient-of-Friction-during-pin-on-desk-Tests-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9954" alt="COF durante os testes pin-on-desk Testes em diferentes temperaturas" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-54788e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="54788e7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>FIGURA 1. </i></b>
<span>Coeficiente de Fricção durante os testes pin-on-disk a diferentes temperaturas</span></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="799" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Evolution-of-wear-track-depth-of-the-alumina-silicate-ceramic-plate-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9955" alt="Desgaste da placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina a diferentes temperaturas" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7b1b5d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7b1b5d2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>FIGURA 2. </i></b>
<span>Evolução da profundidade da pista de desgaste da placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina a diferentes temperaturas</span> 
<br style="line-height: normal;text-align: -webkit-auto">
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									<p>A taxa média de desgaste e a profundidade da pista de desgaste das placas cerâmicas de silicato de alumina em diferentes temperaturas foram medidas usando <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Profiler Óptico, conforme resumido em <b><i>FIGURA 3</i></b>. A profundidade da pista de desgaste está de acordo com o registrado usando LVDT. A placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina apresenta uma taxa de desgaste substancialmente aumentada de ~0,5 mm3/Nm a 800°C, em comparação com as taxas de desgaste abaixo de 0,2 mm3/N a temperaturas abaixo de 400°C. A placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina não apresenta propriedades mecânicas/tribológicas significativamente melhoradas após o curto processo de aquecimento, possuindo uma taxa de desgaste comparável antes e depois do tratamento térmico.</p><p><span style="color: var( --e-global-color-text );">A cerâmica de silicato de alumina, também conhecida como lava e pedra milagrosa, é macia e maquinável antes do tratamento térmico. Um longo processo de queima a temperaturas elevadas de até 1093°C pode aumentar substancialmente sua dureza e resistência, após o que é necessária a usinagem com diamante. Tal característica única torna a cerâmica de silicato de alumina um material ideal para escultura.</span></p><p>Neste estudo, mostramos que o tratamento térmico a uma temperatura mais baixa que o necessário para a queima (800°C vs 1093°C) em pouco tempo não melhora as características mecânicas e tribológicas da cerâmica de silicato de alumina, tornando a queima adequada um processo essencial para este material antes de sua utilização nas aplicações reais.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1687" height="1211" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Wear-rate-and-wear-track-depth-of-the-sample-at-different-temperatures.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9962" alt="Taxa de desgaste e profundidade da pista de desgaste da amostra em diferentes temperaturas 1" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>FIGURA 3. </i></b>
Taxa de desgaste e profundidade da pista de desgaste da amostra em diferentes temperaturas</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Com base na análise tribológica abrangente deste estudo, mostramos que a placa cerâmica de silicato de alumina apresenta coeficiente de atrito comparável em diferentes temperaturas desde a temperatura ambiente até 800°C. No entanto, mostra uma taxa de desgaste substancialmente aumentada de ~0,5 mm3/Nm a 800°C, demonstrando a importância de um tratamento térmico adequado desta cerâmica.</p><p>Os Tribômetros NANOVEA são capazes de avaliar as propriedades tribológicas dos materiais para aplicações a altas temperaturas de até 1000°C. A função de medições in situ do COF e da profundidade da pista de desgaste permite aos usuários correlacionar diferentes estágios do processo de desgaste com a evolução do COF, o que é fundamental para melhorar a compreensão fundamental do mecanismo de desgaste e das características tribológicas dos materiais utilizados em temperaturas elevadas.</p>								</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0dd5029 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="0dd5029" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
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									<p>Os Tribômetros NANOVEA oferecem testes de desgaste e atrito precisos e repetíveis usando os modos rotativo e linear conforme ISO e ASTM, com módulos opcionais de desgaste a alta temperatura, lubrificação e tribo-corrosão disponíveis em um sistema pré-integrado. A gama inigualável da NANOVEA é uma solução ideal para determinar a gama completa de propriedades tribológicas de revestimentos, filmes e substratos finos ou grossos, macios ou duros.</p><p>Os perfis opcionais 3D sem contato estão disponíveis para imagens 3D de alta resolução de faixas de desgaste, além de outras medidas de superfície, tais como rugosidade.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="546" height="308" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/IN-SITU-WEAR-MEASUREMENT-1-1.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9973" alt="MEDIÇÃO DO DESGASTE IN-SITU" />															</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/in-situ-medida-de-desgaste-em-alta-temperatura/">In Situ Wear Measurement at High Temperature</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Análise de superfície de escamas de peixe usando perfilador ótico 3D</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/analisador-de-superficie-de-peixe-utilizador-de-3d-de-perfil-otico/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=fish-scale-surface-analysis-using-3d-optical-profiler</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Ter, 29 de dezembro de 2020 02:56:37 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Roughness and Finish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Step Height and Thickness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Volume and Area]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Análise de superfície de escama de peixe usando perfilador óptico 3D Saiba mais</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/analisador-de-superficie-de-peixe-utilizador-de-3d-de-perfil-otico/">Fish Scale Surface Analysis Using 3D Optical Profiler</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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									<p>Análise de superfície de escamas de peixe usando perfilador ótico 3D</p><p>Saiba mais</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ANÁLISE DE SUPERFÍCIE DE ESCAMAS DE PEIXE</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">usando o PERFIL ÓPTICO 3D</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="290" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometry-08.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-10005" alt="Perfilômetro de escamas de peixe" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Andrea Novitsky</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A morfologia, padrões e outras características de uma escama de peixe são estudadas usando o NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfilador óptico 3D sem contato</a>. A natureza delicada desta amostra biológica, juntamente com as suas ranhuras muito pequenas e em ângulo elevado, também realçam a importância da técnica sem contacto do perfilador. Os sulcos na escama são chamados de circuli, e podem ser estudados para estimar a idade dos peixes, e até mesmo distinguir períodos de diferentes taxas de crescimento, semelhantes aos anéis de uma árvore. Esta é uma informação muito importante para a gestão das populações de peixes selvagens, a fim de evitar a sobrepesca.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Importância da Profilometria 3D Sem Contato para ESTUDOS BIOLÓGICOS</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Ao contrário de outras técnicas, tais como sondas de toque ou interferometria, o Profiler Óptico 3D sem contato, utilizando cromatismo axial, pode medir praticamente qualquer superfície. Os tamanhos das amostras podem variar muito devido ao estadiamento aberto e não há necessidade de preparação de amostras. As características de nano através de macro range são obtidas durante uma medição de perfil de superfície com influência zero da refletividade ou absorção da amostra. O instrumento oferece uma capacidade avançada de medir ângulos de superfície elevados sem manipulação dos resultados por software. Qualquer material pode ser facilmente medido, seja transparente, opaco, especular, difusivo, polido ou rugoso. A técnica fornece uma capacidade ideal, ampla e amigável para maximizar os estudos de superfície, juntamente com os benefícios das capacidades combinadas 2D e 3D.</p>								</div>
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									<p>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</p>								</div>
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									<p>Nesta aplicação, mostramos o NANOVEA ST400, um Profiler 3D sem contato com um sensor de alta velocidade, fornecendo uma análise abrangente da superfície de uma escala.</p><p>O instrumento tem sido usado para escanear toda a amostra, juntamente com uma varredura de maior resolução da área central. A rugosidade da superfície externa e interna da escala também foi medida para comparação.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>ST400</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/st400/">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Caracterização da superfície 3D e 2D da escala externa</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A 3D View e a False Color View da escala externa mostram uma estrutura complexa semelhante a uma impressão digital ou os anéis de uma árvore. Isto proporciona aos usuários uma ferramenta simples para observar diretamente a caracterização da superfície da escala a partir de diferentes ângulos. Várias outras medidas da escala externa são mostradas juntamente com a comparação dos lados externo e interno da escala.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="519" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-False-Color.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10009" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="466" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-3D-View.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10010" alt="Escala de Peixe Scan 3D View Profilometer" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="687" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometry-Scan.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10011" alt="" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="430" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-Volume.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10014" alt="Profilômetro de Escala de Peixe de Volume 3D" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="340" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Scan-Step-Height.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10015" alt="Profiler Óptico 3D de Escala de Peixe em Altura" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>COMPARAÇÃO DE RUGOSIDADE DE SUPERFÍCIE</span> <br style="font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;line-height: normal;text-align: -webkit-auto;text-transform: none"></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="380" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Fish-Scale-Profilometer-3D-Scan.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-10017" alt="Escala de Peixe Profilômetro 3D Scanning" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Nesta aplicação, mostramos como o NANOVEA 3D Non-Contact Optical Profiler pode caracterizar uma balança de peixe de diversas maneiras. </p><p>As superfícies externas e internas da escala podem ser facilmente distinguidas apenas pela rugosidade superficial, com valores de rugosidade de 15.92μm e 1.56μm respectivamente. Além disso, informações precisas e precisas podem ser aprendidas sobre uma balança de peixe através da análise das ranhuras, ou circuli, na superfície externa da balança. A distância das faixas de circuli do foco central foi medida, e a altura do circuli também foi encontrada aproximadamente 58μm em média alta. </p><p>Os dados mostrados aqui representam apenas uma parte dos cálculos disponíveis no software de análise.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tem um aplicativo semelhante?</h2>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">CONVERSE COM UM ESPECIALISTA AGORA</span>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/analisador-de-superficie-de-peixe-utilizador-de-3d-de-perfil-otico/">Fish Scale Surface Analysis Using 3D Optical Profiler</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Análise Mecânica Dinâmica (DMA) Varredura de Frequência em Polímero</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Sex, 13 de novembro de 2020 00:21:49 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Hardness and Elastic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indentation | Loss and Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9335</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>DMA FREQUENCY SWEEP ON POLYMER USING NANOINDENTATION Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD INTRODUCTION IMPORTANCE OF DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS FREQUENCY SWEEP TEST The changing frequency of the stress often leads to variations in the complex modulus, which is a critical mechanical property of polymers. For example, tires are subjected to cyclical high deformations when vehicles are [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer/">Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Frequency Sweep on Polymer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9335" class="elementor elementor-9335" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">VARREDURA DE FREQÜÊNCIA DMA</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">SOBRE POLÍMEROS USANDO NANOINDENTAÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="282" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/DMA-FREQUENCY-SWEEP-on-Polymer-Nanoindentation.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9336" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTÂNCIA DA ANÁLISE MECÂNICA DINÂMICA TESTE DE VARREDURA DE FREQÜÊNCIA</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A mudança na frequência da tensão muitas vezes leva a variações no módulo complexo, que é uma propriedade mecânica crítica dos polímeros. Por exemplo, os pneus estão sujeitos a elevadas deformações cíclicas quando os veículos circulam na estrada. A frequência da pressão e da deformação muda à medida que o carro acelera para velocidades mais altas. Tal alteração pode resultar em variação nas propriedades viscoelásticas do pneu, que são fatores importantes no desempenho do carro. É necessário um teste confiável e repetível do comportamento viscoelástico de polímeros em diferentes frequências. O módulo Nano da NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/mechanical-testers/">Testador Mecânico </a>gera carga senoidal por um atuador piezoelétrico de alta precisão e mede diretamente a evolução da força e do deslocamento usando célula de carga ultrassensível e capacitor. A combinação de fácil configuração e alta precisão o torna uma ferramenta ideal para varredura de frequência de Análise Mecânica Dinâmica.</p>								</div>
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									<p>Os materiais viscoelásticos apresentam tanto características viscosas quanto elásticas quando submetidos a deformações. Longas cadeias moleculares em materiais poliméricos contribuem para suas propriedades viscoelásticas únicas, ou seja, uma combinação das características tanto de sólidos elásticos quanto de fluidos newtonianos. Estresse, temperatura, freqüência e outros fatores desempenham um papel nas propriedades viscoelásticas. A Análise Mecânica Dinâmica, também conhecida como DMA, estuda o comportamento viscoelástico e o módulo complexo do material, aplicando uma tensão sinusoidal e medindo a mudança de deformação.</p>								</div>
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									<p>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</p>								</div>
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									<p><em>Nesta aplicação, estudamos as propriedades viscoelásticas de uma amostra de pneu polido em diferentes frequências de DMA usando o Testador Mecânico Mais Poderoso, NANOVEA PB1000, em <a href="https://nanovea.com/nano-indentation-tester/">Nanoindentação</a> modo.</em></p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>PB1000</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/pb1000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="750" height="804" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-PB1000-scratch-test-and-indentation.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9934" alt="nanoindenter e testador de arranhões Nanovea PB1000" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONDIÇÕES DE TESTE</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">FREQUÊNCIAS (Hz):</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>0.1, 1.5, 10, 20</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TEMPO DE ARREPIO EM CADA FREQ.</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">50 seg</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TENSÃO DE OSCILAÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">0.1 V</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TENSÃO DE CARGA</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">1 V</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">tipo indenter</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Diamante | 100 μm</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="270" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Tire-Sample-Lab-Testing-DMA.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9339" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>RESULTADOS &amp; DISCUSSÃO</i></h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e182068 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e182068" data-element_type="section">
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									<p>A varredura de freqüência da Análise Mecânica Dinâmica na carga máxima permite uma medição rápida e simples das características viscoelásticas da amostra em diferentes freqüências de carga em um teste. O deslocamento de fase e as amplitudes das ondas de carga e deslocamento em diferentes freqüências podem ser usados para calcular uma variedade de propriedades viscoelásticas fundamentais do material, incluindo <i>Módulo de armazenamento</i>, <i>Módulo de perdas</i> e <i>Tan (δ)</i> como resumido nos gráficos a seguir. </p><p>As freqüências de 1, 5, 10 e 20 Hz neste estudo, correspondem a velocidades de cerca de 7, 33, 67 e 134 km por hora. Como a freqüência de teste aumenta de 0,1 a 20 Hz, pode-se observar que tanto o módulo de armazenamento quanto o módulo de perda aumentam progressivamente. Tan (δ) diminui de ~0,27 para 0,18 à medida que a freqüência aumenta de 0,1 para 1 Hz, e depois aumenta gradualmente para ~0,55 quando a freqüência de 20 Hz é atingida. A varredura de freqüência DMA permite medir as tendências do Módulo de Armazenamento, Módulo de Perda e Tan (δ), que fornecem informações sobre o movimento dos monômeros e reticulação, assim como a transição vítrea dos polímeros. Ao elevar a temperatura usando uma placa de aquecimento durante a varredura de freqüência, pode-se obter uma imagem mais completa da natureza do movimento molecular sob diferentes condições de teste.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>EVOLUÇÃO DA CARGA E PROFUNDIDADE</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>DA VARREDURA TOTAL DE FREQÜÊNCIA DMA</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="374" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Load-and-Depth-DMA-Frequency-Sweep.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9352" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>Carga e Profundidade vs Tempo em DIFERENTES FREQUÊNCIAS</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="794" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Load-and-Depth-vs-Time-at-DMA-Frequencies.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9353" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>MÓDULO DE ARMAZENAMENTO</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>EM DIFERENTES FREQÜÊNCIAS</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="847" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Storage-Modulus-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9343" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>MÓDULO PERDIDO</i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>EM DIFERENTES FREQÜÊNCIAS</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="868" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Loss-Modulus-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9344" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>TAN (δ) </i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="644" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/TAN-δ-DMA-Frequencies.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9345" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Neste estudo, mostramos a capacidade do NANOVEA Mechanical Tester em realizar o teste de varredura de freqüência da Análise Mecânica Dinâmica em uma amostra de pneu. Este teste mede as propriedades viscoelásticas do pneu em diferentes freqüências de tensão. O pneu mostra maior módulo de armazenamento e perda à medida que a freqüência de carga aumenta de 0,1 para 20 Hz. Ele fornece informações úteis sobre os comportamentos viscoelásticos do pneu rodando em diferentes velocidades, o que é essencial para melhorar o desempenho dos pneus para passeios mais suaves e seguros. O teste de varredura de freqüência DMA pode ser realizado em várias temperaturas para imitar o ambiente de trabalho realista do pneu sob diferentes condições climáticas.</p><p>No Módulo Nano do Testador Mecânico NANOVEA, a aplicação de carga com o piezo rápido é independente da medição de carga feita por um strain gage separado de alta sensibilidade. Isto dá uma vantagem distinta durante a Análise Mecânica Dinâmica, pois a fase entre profundidade e carga é medida diretamente a partir dos dados coletados do sensor. O cálculo da fase é direto e não necessita de modelagem matemática que acrescenta imprecisão ao módulo de perda e armazenamento resultante. Este não é o caso de um sistema baseado em bobina.</p><p>Em conclusão, a DMA mede o módulo de perda e armazenamento, módulo complexo e Tan (δ) em função da profundidade, tempo e freqüência do contato. O estágio opcional de aquecimento permite determinar a temperatura de transição de fase dos materiais durante o DMA. Os testadores mecânicos NANOVEA fornecem módulos Nano e Micro multifuncionais inigualáveis em uma única plataforma. Ambos os módulos Nano e Micro incluem os modos de teste de arranhões, teste de dureza e teste de desgaste, proporcionando a mais ampla e amigável gama de testes disponíveis em um único módulo.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/dynamic-mechanical-analysis-frequency-sweep-on-polymer/">Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Frequency Sweep on Polymer</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Topografia da Lente Fresnel</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/fresnel-lens-topografia/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=fresnel-lens-topography</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/fresnel-lens-topografia/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Ter, 20 de outubro de 2020 17:47:43 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Flatness and Warpage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Step Height and Thickness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Texture and Grain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9253</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>FRESNEL LENS TOPOGRAPHYUSING 3D NON-CONTACT OPTICAL PROFILOMETER Prepared by Duanjie Li &#38; Benjamin Mell INTRODUCTION A lens is an optical device of axial symmetry that transmits and refracts light. A simple lens consists of a single optical component for converging or diverging the light. Even though spherical surfaces are not ideal shape for making a lens, they [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/fresnel-lens-topografia/">Fresnel Lens Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9253" class="elementor elementor-9253" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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									<h1 style="text-align: center; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 60px; color: #1b96cf; display: block;">TOPOGRAFIA DA LENTE DE FRESNEL</span><span style="font-size: 32px; color: #000;">USANDO </span><span style="font-size: 32px;">3D </span><span style="font-size: 32px; font-family: inherit;">PERFILÔMETRO ÓPTICO SEM CONTATO</span></h1>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="224" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Inspection-Lighthouse.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9254" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Preparado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li &amp; Benjamin Mell</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p><span class="fontstyle0">Uma lente é um dispositivo óptico de simetria axial que transmite e refrai a luz. Uma lente simples consiste em um único componente óptico para convergir ou divergir a luz. Mesmo que as superfícies esféricas não tenham a forma ideal para fazer uma lente, elas são freqüentemente usadas como a forma mais simples para a qual o vidro pode ser retificado e polido.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Uma lente Fresnel consiste de uma série de anéis concêntricos, que são partes finas de uma lente simples com uma largura tão pequena quanto alguns milésimos de polegada. As lentes Fresnel contêm uma abertura grande e uma distância focal curta, com um desenho compacto que reduz o peso e o volume do material necessário, em comparação com as lentes convencionais com as mesmas propriedades ópticas. Uma quantidade muito pequena de luz é perdida por absorção devido à fina geometria da lente Fresnel.</span></p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IMPORTÂNCIA DA PROFILOMETRIA 3D SEM CONTATO PARA A INSPEÇÃO DE LENTES FRESNEL</h2>				</div>
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									<p>As lentes Fresnel são amplamente empregadas na indústria automotiva, faróis, energia solar e sistemas ópticos de pouso para porta-aviões. Moldar ou estampar as lentes em plástico transparente pode tornar sua produção econômica. A qualidade do serviço das lentes Fresnel depende principalmente da precisão e da qualidade da superfície do seu anel concêntrico. Ao contrário de uma técnica de sonda de toque, NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfis ópticos</a> realize medições de superfície 3D sem tocar na superfície, evitando o risco de fazer novos arranhões. A técnica Luz Cromática é ideal para digitalização precisa de formas complexas, como lentes de diferentes geometrias.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">ESQUEMA DE LENTES FRESNEL</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="423" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Schematic-Technical-Drawing.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9263" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>As lentes Fresnel de plástico transparente podem ser fabricadas por moldagem ou estampagem. Um controle de qualidade preciso e eficiente é fundamental para revelar moldes ou carimbos defeituosos na produção. Ao medir a altura e o passo dos anéis concêntricos, as variações de produção podem ser detectadas comparando-se os valores medidos com os valores de especificação dados pelo fabricante da lente.</p><p>A medição precisa do perfil da lente garante que os moldes ou carimbos sejam usinados corretamente para atender às especificações do fabricante. Além disso, o carimbo pode desgastar-se progressivamente com o tempo, fazendo com que ele perca sua forma inicial. O desvio consistente da especificação do fabricante da lente é uma indicação positiva de que o molde precisa ser substituído.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Nesta aplicação, apresentamos o NANOVEA ST400, um perfilador 3D sem contato com um sensor de alta velocidade, que fornece uma análise abrangente do perfil 3D de um componente óptico de forma complexa. Para demonstrar as notáveis capacidades da nossa tecnologia Chromatic Light, a análise do contorno é realizada em uma lente Fresnel.</p>								</div>
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									<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 20pt; color: black;">NANOVEA <span style="font-size: 20pt; color: #1b96cf;">ST400 Área Grande</span><br />Profilômetro óptico 3D</p>								</div>
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									<p><i>A lente acrílica Fresnel de 2,3" x 2,3" utilizada para este estudo consiste em </i></p><p><i>uma série de anéis concêntricos e um complexo perfil de seção transversal serrilhada. </i></p><p><i>Tem uma distância focal de 1,5", diâmetro efetivo de 2,0", </i></p><p><i>125 ranhuras por polegada, e um índice de refração de 1,49.</i></p>								</div>
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									<p><em>A varredura NANOVEA ST400 da lente Fresnel mostra um aumento perceptível da altura dos anéis concêntricos, deslocando-se para fora do centro.</em></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="639" height="541" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Scan-Evaluation-Quality-Control.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9271" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">COR FALSA 2D</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>Representação em altura</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="797" height="564" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-3D-Scan-Profilometer-Topography.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9272" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">VISÃO 3D</h2>				</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0e9e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d5d0e9e" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b><i>PERFIL EXTRAÍDO</i></b></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="297" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-QC-Extracted-Profiler.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9273" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>PEAK &amp; VALLEY </i></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><i>Análise Dimensional do Perfil</i></h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="464" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Fresnel-Lens-Dimensional-Analysis-of-the-Profile.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9274" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Nesta aplicação, mostramos que o NANOVEA ST400 Profiler Óptico sem contato mede com precisão a topografia de superfície das lentes Fresnel. </p><p>A dimensão da altura e do passo pode ser determinada com precisão a partir do complexo perfil serrilhado usando o software de análise NANOVEA. Os usuários podem inspecionar efetivamente a qualidade dos moldes ou carimbos de produção comparando a altura do anel e as dimensões do passo das lentes fabricadas com a especificação ideal do anel.</p><p>Os dados mostrados aqui representam apenas uma parte dos cálculos disponíveis no software de análise. </p><p>Os Perfiladores Ópticos NANOVEA medem praticamente qualquer superfície em campos incluindo Semicondutores, Microeletrônica, Solar, Fibra Óptica, Automotiva, Aeroespacial, Metalúrgica, Usinagem, Revestimentos, Farmacêutica, Biomédica, Ambiental e muitos outros.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/fresnel-lens-topografia/">Fresnel Lens Topography</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<item>
		<title>Inspeção de peças usinadas</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/inspecao-de-pecas-usinadas-2/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=machined-parts-inspection</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/inspecao-de-pecas-usinadas-2/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Ter, 08 de setembro de 2020 21:17:54 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Flatness and Warpage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Geometry and Shape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry | Volume and Area]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Profilometry Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9130</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/inspecao-de-pecas-usinadas-2/">Machined Parts Inspection</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">inspeção a partir do modelo CAD utilizando a profilometria 3D</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Revisado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Jocelyn Esparza</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="224" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machined-Parts-Inspection.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9131" alt="Inspeção de peças usinadas com um Perfílômetro" />															</div>
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				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3530ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d3530ef" data-element_type="section">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A demanda por usinagem de precisão capaz de criar geometrias complexas tem aumentado em todo um espectro de indústrias. Do aeroespacial, médico e automotivo, a engrenagens tecnológicas, máquinas e instrumentos musicais, a contínua inovação e evolução elevam as expectativas e os padrões de precisão a novos patamares. Conseqüentemente, vemos o aumento da demanda por técnicas e instrumentos de inspeção rigorosos para garantir a mais alta qualidade dos produtos.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Importância da Profilometria 3D sem contato para inspeção de peças</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A comparação das propriedades das peças usinadas com seus modelos CAD é essencial para verificar as tolerâncias e a aderência aos padrões de produção. A inspeção durante o tempo de serviço também é crucial, pois o desgaste das peças pode exigir a substituição das mesmas. A identificação de quaisquer desvios das especificações exigidas em tempo hábil ajudará a evitar reparos dispendiosos, paradas de produção e reputação manchada.</p><p>Ao contrário de uma técnica de sonda de toque, o NANOVEA <a href="https://nanovea.com/profilometers/">Perfis ópticos</a> execute varreduras de superfícies 3D com contato zero, permitindo medições rápidas, precisas e não destrutivas de formas complexas com a mais alta precisão.</p>								</div>
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									<p>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</p>								</div>
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									<p>Nesta aplicação, mostramos o NANOVEA HS2000, um Profiler 3D sem contato com um sensor de alta velocidade, realizando uma inspeção de superfície abrangente de dimensão, raio e rugosidade. </p><p>Tudo isso em menos de 40 segundos.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>HS2000</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/hs2000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nanovea-Optical-Profilometry-HS2000.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9554" alt="" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">MODELO CAD</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Uma medição precisa da dimensão e rugosidade da superfície da peça usinada é fundamental para garantir que ela atenda às especificações, tolerâncias e acabamentos superficiais desejados. O modelo 3D e o desenho de engenharia da peça a ser inspecionada são apresentados abaixo.&nbsp;</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Quality-Control.png" title="" alt="" loading="lazy" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">FALSA VISÃO COLORIDA</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A falsa visão de cor do modelo CAD e a superfície da peça usinada digitalizada são comparadas na FIGURA 3. A variação de altura na superfície da amostra pode ser observada pela mudança de cor.</p><p>Três perfis 2D são extraídos do scan de superfície 3D, como indicado no FIGURA 2, para verificar melhor a tolerância dimensional da peça usinada.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="973" height="1024" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Profilometry.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9137" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">COMPARAÇÃO DE PERFIS E RESULTADOS</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Os perfis de 1 a 3 são mostrados no FIGURA 3 a 5. A inspeção de tolerância quantitativa é realizada comparando o perfil medido com o modelo CAD para manter padrões rigorosos de fabricação. O perfil 1 e o perfil 2 medem o raio de diferentes áreas na peça usinada curvada. A variação de altura do Perfil 2 é de 30 µm sobre um comprimento de 156 mm que atende à exigência de tolerância desejada de ±125 µm. </p><p>Ao estabelecer um valor limite de tolerância, o software de análise pode determinar automaticamente a passagem ou falha da peça usinada.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1651" height="767" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9138" alt="Inspeção de peças de máquinas com um perfilômetro" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="262" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer-2.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9139" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>A rugosidade e uniformidade da superfície da peça usinada desempenham um papel importante para garantir sua qualidade e funcionalidade. O FIGURA 6 é uma área de superfície extraída da varredura da peça usinada que foi utilizada para quantificar o acabamento superficial. A rugosidade média da superfície (Sa) foi calculada como sendo de 2,31 µm.</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="313" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Machine-Parts-Inspection-with-a-Profilometer-3.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9140" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Neste estudo, mostramos como o perfilador sem contato HS2000 da NANOVEA, equipado com um sensor de alta velocidade, realiza uma inspeção de superfície abrangente das dimensões e rugosidade. </p><p>As varreduras de alta resolução permitem aos usuários medir a morfologia detalhada e as características de superfície das peças usinadas e compará-las quantitativamente com seus modelos CAD. O instrumento também é capaz de detectar quaisquer defeitos, incluindo arranhões e rachaduras. </p><p>A análise avançada de contorno serve como uma ferramenta inigualável não apenas para determinar se as peças usinadas satisfazem as especificações estabelecidas, mas também para avaliar os mecanismos de falha dos componentes desgastados.</p><p>Os dados mostrados aqui representam apenas uma parte dos cálculos possíveis com o software de análise avançada que vem equipado com cada NANOVEA Optical Profiler.</p><div> </div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Tem um aplicativo semelhante?</h2>				</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/inspecao-de-pecas-usinadas-2/">Machined Parts Inspection</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Avaliação do desgaste por fretting</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/avaliacao-do-desgaste-por-desgaste-livre/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=fretting-wear-evaluation</link>
					<comments>https://nanovea.com/pt/avaliacao-do-desgaste-por-desgaste-livre/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Ter, 08 de setembro de 2020 18:07:09 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linear Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=9053</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/avaliacao-do-desgaste-por-desgaste-livre/">Fretting Wear Evaluation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="9053" class="elementor elementor-9053" data-elementor-post-type="post">
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">AVALIAÇÃO DO DESGASTE POR ATRITO</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="793" height="236" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Evaluation-in-Aviation.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9055" alt="Avaliação do desgaste por Fretting na aviação" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Autor:</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Duanjie Li, PhD</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Revisado por</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Jocelyn Esparza</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="345" height="613" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Evaluation-in-Mining-and-Metallurgy.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9056" alt="Avaliação do desgaste por atrito em mineração e metalurgia" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">INTRODUÇÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Fretting é "um processo de desgaste especial que ocorre na área de contato entre dois materiais sob carga e sujeito a um movimento relativo mínimo por vibração ou alguma outra força". Quando as máquinas estão em operação, as vibrações ocorrem inevitavelmente nas juntas que são aparafusadas ou fixadas por pinos, entre componentes que não se destinam a se mover, e em acoplamentos e rolamentos oscilantes. A amplitude de tal movimento de deslizamento relativo é freqüentemente na ordem de micrômetros a milímetros. Esse movimento repetitivo de baixa amplitude causa um sério desgaste mecânico localizado e transferência de material na superfície, o que pode levar a uma redução da eficiência de produção, do desempenho da máquina ou até mesmo a danos à máquina.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Importância da Quantitativa <br>Avaliação do desgaste por fretting</h2>				</div>
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									<p>O desgaste por atrito geralmente envolve vários mecanismos de desgaste complexos que ocorrem na superfície de contato, incluindo abrasão de dois corpos, adesão e/ou desgaste por fadiga por atrito. Para entender o mecanismo de desgaste por contato e selecionar o melhor material para proteção contra desgaste por contato, é necessária uma avaliação confiável e quantitativa do desgaste por contato. O comportamento do desgaste por contato é significativamente influenciado pelo ambiente de trabalho, como amplitude de deslocamento, carga normal, corrosão, temperatura, umidade e lubrificação. Um versátil <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">tribômetro </a>que possa simular as diferentes condições de trabalho realistas será ideal para avaliação de desgaste por atrito.</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Steven R. Lampman, ASM Handbook: Volume 19: Fadiga e Fractura</span><br /><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/693/fretting-wear</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</p>								</div>
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									<p>Neste estudo, avaliamos os comportamentos de desgaste por atrito de uma amostra de aço inoxidável SS304 em diferentes velocidades e temperaturas de oscilação para mostrar a capacidade de <strong>NANOVEA T50</strong> Tribômetro na simulação do processo de desgaste por atrito do metal de uma maneira bem controlada e monitorada.</p>								</div>
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									<p>NANOVEA</p>								</div>
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									<p>T50</p>								</div>
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																<a href="https://nanovea.com/instruments/t2000/">
							<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="705" height="695" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Robust-Tribometer-Nanovea-T50.png" class="elementor-animation-grow attachment-large size-large wp-image-9876" alt="" />								</a>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONDIÇÕES DE TESTE</h2>				</div>
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									<p>A resistência ao desgaste por atrito de uma amostra de aço inoxidável SS304 foi avaliada por <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Tribômetro usando o Módulo de Desgaste Linear Reciprocante. Uma esfera de 6 mm de diâmetro foi usada como material do contador. A pista de desgaste foi examinada usando um <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Perfilador 3D sem contato.&nbsp;</p>
<p>O teste de atrito foi realizado à temperatura ambiente (RT) e 200&nbsp;<span style="color: rgb(77, 81, 86); font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C para estudar o efeito da alta temperatura sobre a resistência ao desgaste por atrito da amostra SS304. Uma placa de aquecimento na fase de amostra aqueceu a amostra durante o teste de atrito a 200&nbsp;<span style="color: rgb(77, 81, 86); font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C. A taxa de desgaste, <b>K</b>foi avaliada usando a fórmula <b>K=V/(F×s)</b>onde <b>V</b> é o volume gasto, <b>F</b> é a carga normal, e <b>s</b> é a distância de deslizamento.</p>
<p>Por favor, note que uma bola de WC como material de balcão foi usada como exemplo neste estudo. Qualquer material sólido com diferentes formas e acabamento superficial pode ser aplicado utilizando uma fixação personalizada para simular a situação real de aplicação.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">PARÂMETROS DE TESTE</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">das medidas de desgaste</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="233" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Test-Parameters-Fretting-Wear.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9058" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESULTADOS &amp; DISCUSSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>O perfil da pista de desgaste 3D permite a determinação direta e precisa da perda de volume da pista de desgaste calculada pelo <i><b>NANOVEA</b></i> Software de análise de montanhas. </p><p>O teste de desgaste recíproco a uma velocidade baixa de 100 rpm e temperatura ambiente exibe uma pequena pista de desgaste de 0,014 mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>. Em comparação, o teste de desgaste por atrito realizado a uma alta velocidade de 1000 rpm cria uma pista de desgaste substancialmente maior com um volume de 0,12 mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>. Esse processo de desgaste acelerado pode ser atribuído ao alto calor e à intensa vibração gerada durante o teste de desgaste por atrito, que promove a oxidação dos detritos metálicos e resulta em severa abrasão de três corpos. O teste de desgaste por atrito a uma temperatura elevada de 200°C. <span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C forma uma faixa de desgaste maior de 0,27 mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>.</p><p>O teste de desgaste por atrito a 1000 rpm tem uma taxa de desgaste de 1,5×10<sup>-4</sup> mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>/Nm, que é quase nove vezes comparado com o teste de desgaste recíproco a 100 rpm. O teste de desgaste por atrito a uma temperatura elevada acelera ainda mais a taxa de desgaste para 3,4×10<sup>-4</sup> mm<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">³</span>/Nm. Uma diferença tão significativa na resistência ao desgaste medida em diferentes velocidades e temperaturas mostra a importância de simulações adequadas do desgaste por atrito para aplicações realistas.</p><p>O comportamento de desgaste pode mudar drasticamente quando pequenas mudanças nas condições de teste são introduzidas no tribosistema. A versatilidade do <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> O Tribômetro permite medir o desgaste sob várias condições, incluindo alta temperatura, lubrificação, corrosão e outras. O controle preciso de velocidade e posição pelo motor avançado permite aos usuários realizar o teste de desgaste a velocidades que variam de 0,001 a 5000 rpm, tornando-o uma ferramenta ideal para laboratórios de pesquisa/teste para investigar o desgaste por atrito em diferentes condições tribológicas.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pistas de desgaste por fricção em várias condições</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">sob o microscópio ótico</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="435" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-Tracks-at-Various-Conditions-10.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9059" alt="Pistas de desgaste por atrito em várias condições sob o microscópio ótico" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">perfis de tramas de guerra em 3D</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><b>proporcionar mais compreensão fundamental<br>do mecanismo de desgaste por atrito</b></h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">RESUMO DOS RESULTADOS DAS PISTAS DE DESGASTE</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">medido usando diferentes parâmetros de teste</h2>				</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="311" height="612" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fretting-Wear-in-Wind-Turbines.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-9064" alt="" />															</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CONCLUSÃO</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Neste estudo, mostramos a capacidade do <b><i>NANOVEA </i></b>Tribômetro na avaliação do comportamento de desgaste por atrito de uma amostra de aço inoxidável SS304 de forma bem controlada e quantitativa.&nbsp;</p>
<p>A velocidade de teste e a temperatura desempenham papéis críticos na resistência ao desgaste por atrito dos materiais. O alto calor e a intensa vibração durante o atrito resultaram em um desgaste substancialmente acelerado da amostra SS304 por cerca de nove vezes. A temperatura elevada de 200&nbsp;<span style="color: #4d5156; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif;">°</span>C aumentou ainda mais a taxa de desgaste para 3,4×10<sup>-4</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm.&nbsp;</p><p>A versatilidade do <b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> O Tribômetro o torna uma ferramenta ideal para medir o desgaste por atrito sob várias condições, incluindo alta temperatura, lubrificação, corrosão e outras.</p>
<p><b><i>NANOVEA</i></b> Os tribômetros oferecem testes de desgaste e atrito precisos e repetíveis usando os modos rotativo e linear compatíveis com ISO e ASTM, com módulos opcionais de desgaste a alta temperatura, lubrificação e tribo-corrosão disponíveis em um sistema pré-integrado. Nossa linha incomparável é uma solução ideal para determinar o escopo total das propriedades tribológicas de revestimentos, filmes e substratos finos ou grossos, macios ou duros.</p>								</div>
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				</div><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/avaliacao-do-desgaste-por-desgaste-livre/">Fretting Wear Evaluation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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		<title>Rolamentos de esferas: estudo de resistência ao desgaste de alta força</title>
		<link>https://nanovea.com/pt/ball-bearing-wear-resistance-using-macro-tribology/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=ball-bearing-wear-resistance-using-macro-tribology</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Shore]]></dc:creator>
		<pubdate>Quarta, 01 de julho de 2020 18:59:15 +0000</pubdate>
				<category><![CDATA[Application Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laboratory Testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linear Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rotational Tribology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tribology Testing]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://nanovea.com/?p=8534</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>INTRODUCTION A ball bearing uses balls to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads. The rolling balls between the bearing races produce much lower coefficient of friction (COF) compared to two flat surfaces sliding against each other. Ball bearings are often exposed to high contact stress levels, wear and extreme environmental conditions such [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/ball-bearing-wear-resistance-using-macro-tribology/">Ball Bearings: High Force Wear Resistance Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://nanovea.com/App-Notes/Ball-Bearings-High-Force-Wear-Resistance-Study.pdf&quot;" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><br />
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<h2><em><strong>INTRODUÇÃO</strong></em></h2>
<p>Um rolamento de esferas utiliza esferas para reduzir o atrito rotacional e suportar cargas radiais e axiais. As esferas rolantes entre as pistas do rolamento produzem um coeficiente de atrito (COF) muito menor em comparação com duas superfícies planas deslizando uma contra a outra. Os rolamentos de esferas são frequentemente expostos a altos níveis de tensão de contato, desgaste e condições ambientais extremas, como altas temperaturas. Portanto, a resistência ao desgaste das esferas sob cargas elevadas e condições ambientais extremas é crítica para prolongar a vida útil do rolamento de esferas e reduzir custos e tempo em reparos e substituições.<br />
Os rolamentos de esferas podem ser encontrados em quase todas as aplicações que envolvem peças móveis. Eles são comumente usados em indústrias de transporte, como aeroespacial e automobilística, bem como na indústria de brinquedos que fabrica itens como fidget spinner e skates.</p>
<h2><em><strong>AVALIAÇÃO DO DESGASTE DE ROLAMENTOS DE ESFERAS EM ALTAS CARGAS</strong></em></h2>
<p>Os rolamentos de esferas podem ser fabricados a partir de uma extensa lista de materiais. Os materiais comumente usados variam entre metais como aço inoxidável e aço cromado ou cerâmicas como carboneto de tungstênio (WC) e nitreto de silício (Si3n4). Para garantir que os rolamentos de esferas fabricados possuam a resistência ao desgaste necessária, ideal para as condições de aplicação especificadas, são necessárias avaliações tribológicas confiáveis sob cargas elevadas. Os testes tribológicos auxiliam na quantificação e contraste dos comportamentos de desgaste de diferentes rolamentos de esferas de maneira controlada e monitorada para selecionar o melhor candidato para a aplicação desejada.</p>
<h2><em><strong>OBJETIVO DA MEDIÇÃO</strong></em></h2>
<p>Neste estudo, apresentamos um Nanovea <a href="https://nanovea.com/tribometers/">Tribômetro</a> como a ferramenta ideal para comparar a resistência ao desgaste de diferentes rolamentos de esferas sob altas cargas.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Track-Test.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Track-Test.jpg" alt="" width="877" height="617" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Figura 1: Configuração do teste de rolamento.</em></h6>
<h2><em><strong>PROCEDIMENTO DE TESTE</strong></em></h2>
<p>O coeficiente de atrito, COF e a resistência ao desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas feitos de diferentes materiais foram avaliados por um Tribômetro Nanovea. Foi utilizada lixa de grão P100 como contra-material. As cicatrizes de desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas foram examinadas usando um <strong>Nanovea</strong> Perfilador 3D sem contato após a conclusão dos testes de desgaste. Os parâmetros de teste estão resumidos na Tabela 1. A taxa de desgaste, <strong>K</strong>foi avaliada usando a fórmula <strong>K=V/(F×s)</strong>onde <strong>V </strong>é o volume gasto, <strong>F</strong> é a carga normal e <strong>s</strong> é a distância de deslizamento. As cicatrizes de desgaste da bola foram avaliadas por um <strong>Nanovea</strong> Perfilador 3D sem contato para garantir medição precisa do volume de desgaste.<br />
O recurso de posicionamento radial motorizado automatizado permite que o tribômetro diminua o raio da trilha de desgaste durante um teste. Este modo de teste é denominado teste espiral e garante que o rolamento de esferas sempre deslize sobre uma nova superfície da lixa (Figura 2). Melhora significativamente a repetibilidade do teste de resistência ao desgaste na esfera. O codificador avançado de 20 bits para controle de velocidade interno e o codificador de 16 bits para controle de posição externo fornecem informações precisas de velocidade e posição em tempo real, permitindo um ajuste contínuo da velocidade de rotação para atingir velocidade de deslizamento linear constante no contato.<br />
Observe que a lixa P100 Grit foi usada para simplificar o comportamento de desgaste entre vários materiais de esfera neste estudo e pode ser substituída por qualquer outra superfície de material. Qualquer material sólido pode ser substituído para simular o desempenho de uma ampla gama de acoplamentos de materiais sob condições reais de aplicação, como em líquidos ou lubrificantes.<br />
<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-12.png" alt="" width="293" height="280" /></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Figura 2: Ilustração dos passes em espiral do rolamento de esferas na lixa.</em></h6>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-13.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-13.png" alt="" width="334" height="221" /></a></h6>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Tabela 1: Parâmetros de teste das medições de desgaste.</em></h6>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2><em><strong>RESULTADOS &amp; DISCUSSÃO</strong></em></h2>
<p>A taxa de desgaste é um fator vital para determinar a vida útil do rolamento de esferas, enquanto um COF baixo é desejável para melhorar o desempenho e a eficiência do rolamento. A Figura 3 compara a evolução do COF para diferentes rolamentos de esferas em relação à lixa durante os testes. A esfera de aço Cr mostra um COF aumentado de ~0,4 durante o teste de desgaste, em comparação com ~0,32 e ~0,28 para rolamentos de esferas SS440 e Al2O3. Por outro lado, a bola de WC apresenta um COF constante de ~0,2 durante todo o teste de desgaste. A variação observável do COF pode ser observada ao longo de cada teste, atribuída às vibrações causadas pelo movimento deslizante dos rolamentos de esferas contra a superfície áspera da lixa.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-14.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-14.png" alt="" width="1078" height="853" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Figura 3: Evolução do COF durante os testes de desgaste.</em></h6>
<p>A Figura 4 e a Figura 5 comparam as cicatrizes de desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas após serem medidas por um microscópio óptico e pelo perfilador óptico sem contato Nanovea, respectivamente, e a Tabela 2 resume os resultados da análise das trilhas de desgaste. O perfilador Nanovea 3D determina com precisão o volume de desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas, tornando possível calcular e comparar as taxas de desgaste de diferentes rolamentos de esferas. Pode-se observar que as esferas de aço Cr e SS440 apresentam cicatrizes de desgaste achatadas muito maiores em comparação com as esferas cerâmicas, ou seja, Al2O3 e WC após os testes de desgaste. As esferas Cr Steel e SS440 têm taxas de desgaste comparáveis de 3,7×10-3 e 3,2×10-3 m3/N m, respectivamente. Em comparação, a esfera de Al2O3 apresenta uma maior resistência ao desgaste com uma taxa de desgaste de 7,2×10-4 m3/N m. A bola de WC quase não apresenta pequenos arranhões na área superficial da pista de desgaste, resultando em uma taxa de desgaste significativamente reduzida de 3,3×10-6 mm3/N m.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Testing-2.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Testing-2.jpg" alt="" width="1068" height="896" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><i>Figura 4: Marcas de desgaste dos rolamentos após os testes.</i></h6>
<p><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Profilometry.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Profilometry.jpg" alt="" width="974" height="717" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Figura 5: Morfologia 3D das marcas de desgaste nos rolamentos de esferas.</em></h6>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-17.png" alt="" width="346" height="157" /></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Tabela 2: Análise de cicatrizes de desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas.</em></h6>
<p>A Figura 6 mostra imagens microscópicas das marcas de desgaste produzidas na lixa pelos quatro rolamentos de esferas. É evidente que a bola de WC produziu o desgaste mais severo (removendo quase todas as partículas de areia em seu caminho) e possui a melhor resistência ao desgaste. Em comparação, as esferas Cr Steel e SS440 deixaram uma grande quantidade de detritos metálicos na trilha de desgaste da lixa.<br />
Estas observações demonstram ainda mais a importância do benefício de um teste em espiral. Garante que o rolamento de esferas sempre deslize sobre uma nova superfície da lixa, o que melhora significativamente a repetibilidade de um teste de resistência ao desgaste.<br />
<a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Test-Profilometry.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Ball-Bearing-Wear-Test-Profilometry.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="995" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Figura 6: Marcas de desgaste na lixa contra diferentes rolamentos de esferas.</em></h6>
<p><a href="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Ball-Bearings-wear.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://nanovea.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Ball-Bearings-wear.jpg" alt="" width="1200" height="792" /></a></p>
<h2><em><strong>CONCLUSÃO</strong></em></h2>
<p>A resistência ao desgaste dos rolamentos de esferas sob alta pressão desempenha um papel vital no seu desempenho em serviço. Os rolamentos de esferas de cerâmica possuem resistência ao desgaste significativamente melhorada sob condições de alta tensão e reduzem o tempo e o custo devido ao reparo ou substituição do rolamento. Neste estudo, o rolamento de esferas WC apresenta uma resistência ao desgaste substancialmente maior em comparação com os rolamentos de aço, tornando-o um candidato ideal para aplicações de rolamentos onde ocorre desgaste severo.<br />
Um Tribômetro Nanovea é projetado com capacidade de alto torque para cargas de até 2.000 N e motor preciso e controlado para velocidades de rotação de 0,01 a 15.000 rpm. Ele oferece testes repetíveis de desgaste e fricção usando modos rotativos e lineares em conformidade com ISO e ASTM, com módulos opcionais de desgaste e lubrificação em alta temperatura disponíveis em um sistema pré-integrado. Esta gama incomparável permite aos usuários simular diferentes ambientes de trabalho severos dos rolamentos de esferas, incluindo alta tensão, desgaste e alta temperatura, etc. Ela também atua como uma ferramenta ideal para avaliar quantitativamente os comportamentos tribológicos de materiais superiores resistentes ao desgaste sob altas cargas.<br />
Um perfilador sem contato Nanovea 3D fornece medições precisas do volume de desgaste e atua como uma ferramenta para analisar a morfologia detalhada das trilhas de desgaste, fornecendo insights adicionais na compreensão fundamental dos mecanismos de desgaste.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">Preparado por<br />
Duanjie Li, PhD, Jonathan Thomas e Pierre Leroux</p><p>The post <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt/ball-bearing-wear-resistance-using-macro-tribology/">Ball Bearings: High Force Wear Resistance Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://nanovea.com/pt">NANOVEA: Advanced Profilometers, Tribometers, Nanoindenters, and Scratch Testers for Materials Testing</a>.</p>
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