{"id":22853,"date":"2023-06-22T19:11:39","date_gmt":"2023-06-22T19:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/?p=22853"},"modified":"2025-11-12T17:43:54","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T17:43:54","slug":"ptfe-%ec%bd%94%ed%8c%85-%eb%a7%88%eb%aa%a8-%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/ptfe-coating-wear-test\/","title":{"rendered":"PTFE \ucf54\ud305 \ub9c8\ubaa8 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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PTFE COATING WEAR TEST<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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USING TRIBOMETER AND MECHANICAL TESTER<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Prepared by<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DUANJIE LI, PhD<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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INTRODUCTION<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly known as Teflon, is a polymer with an exceptionally low coefficient of friction (COF) and excellent wear resistance, depending on the applied loads. PTFE exhibits superior chemical inertness, high melting point of 327\u00b0C (620\u00b0F), and maintains high strength, toughness, and self-lubrication at low temperatures. The exceptional wear resistance of\u00a0 PTFE coatings makes them highly sought-after in a wide range of industrial applications, such as automotive, aerospace, medical, and, notably, cookware.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION\nOF PTFE COATINGS<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The combination of a super low coe\ufb03cient of friction (COF), excellent wear resistance, and exceptional chemical inert- ness at high temperatures makes PTFE an ideal choice for non-stick pan coatings. To further enhance its mechanical processes during R&D, as well as ensure optimal control over malfunction prevention and safety measures in the Quality Control process, it is crucial to have a reliable technique for quantity evaluating the tribomechanical processes of PTFE coatings. Precise control over surface friction, wear, and adhesion of the coatings is essential to ensure their intended performance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In this application, the wear process of a PTFE coating for a non-stick pan is simulated using NANOVEA Tribometer in linear reciprocating mode.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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NANOVEA T50 Compact<\/span>
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In addition, the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester was used to perform a micro scratch adhesion test to determine the critical load of the PTFE coating adhesion failure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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NANOVEA PB1000 Large Platform<\/span>\nMechanical Tester<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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TEST PROCEDURE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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WEAR TEST<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LINEAR RECIPROCATING WEAR USING A TRIBOMETER<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The tribological behavior of the PTFE coating sample, including the coe\ufb03cient of friction (COF) and wear resistance, was evaluated using the NANOVEA Tribometer <\/a>in linear reciprocating mode. A Stainless Steel 440 ball tip with a diameter of 3 mm (Grade 100) was used against the coating. The COF was continuously monitored during the PTFE coating wear test.<\/p>

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The wear rate, K, was calculated using the formula K=V\/(F\u00d7s)=A\/(F\u00d7n), where V represents the worn volume, F is the normal load, s is the sliding distance, A is the cross-sectional area of the wear track, and n is the number of strokes. The wear track pro\ufb01les were evaluated using the NANOVEA Optical Pro\ufb01lometer<\/a>, and the wear track morphology was examined using an optical microscope.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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WEAR TEST PARAMETERS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LOAD<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n30 N<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TEST DURATION<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n5 min<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SLIDING RATE<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n80 rpm<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AMPLITUDE OF TRACK <\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n8 mm<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
REVOLUTIONS<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n300<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BALL DIAMETER<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n3 mm<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BALL MATERIAL<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\nStainless Steel 440<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LUBRICANT<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\nNone<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ATMOSPHERE<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\nAir<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TEMPERATURE <\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n230C (RT)<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HUMIDITY<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n43%<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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TEST PROCEDURE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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SCRATCH TEST<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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MICRO SCRATCH ADHESION TEST USING MECHANICAL TESTER<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The PTFE scratch adhesion measurement was conducted using the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester<\/a> with a 1200 Rockwell C diamond stylus (200 \u03bcm radius) in the Micro Scratch Tester Mode.<\/p>

To ensure the reproducibility of the results, three tests were performed under identical testing conditions.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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SCRATCH TEST PARAMETERS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LOAD TYPE<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\nProgressive<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INITIAL LOAD <\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.01 mN<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FINAL LOAD<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n20 mN<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LOADING RATE<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n40 mN\/min<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SCRATCH LENGTH<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n3 mm<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SCRATCHING SPEED, dx\/dt<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n6.0 mm\/min<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INDENTER GEOMETRY<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n120o Rockwell C<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INDENTER MATERIAL (tip)<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\nDiamond<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INDENTER TIP RADIUS <\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n200 \u03bcm<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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RESULTS & DISCUSSION<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LINEAR RECIPROCATING WEAR USING A TRIBOMETER<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The COF recorded in situ is shown in FIGURE 1. The test sample exhibited a COF of ~0.18 during the \ufb01rst 130 revolutions, due to the low stickiness of PTFE. However, there was a sudden increase in COF to ~1 once the coating broke through, revealing the substrate underneath. Following the linear reciprocating tests, the wear track pro\ufb01le was measured using the NANOVEA Non-Contact Optical Pro\ufb01lometer<\/a>, as shown in FIGURE 2. From the data obtained, the corresponding wear rate was calculated to be ~2.78 \u00d7 10-3 mm3\/Nm, while the depth of the wear track was determined to be 44.94 \u00b5m.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPTFE coating wear test setup on the NANOVEA T50 Tribometer.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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FIGURE 1:<\/span> Evolution of COF during the PTFE coating wear test.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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FIGURE 2:<\/span> Pro\ufb01le extraction of wear track PTFE.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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PTFE Before breakthrough<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Max COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.217<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Min COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.125<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Average COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.177<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PTFE After breakthrough<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Max COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.217<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Min COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.125<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Average COF<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n0.177<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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TABLE 1:<\/span> COF before and after breakthrough during the wear test.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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RESULTS & DISCUSSION<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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MICRO SCRATCH ADHESION TEST USING MECHANICAL TESTER<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The adhesion of the PTFE coating to the substrate is measured using scratch tests with a 200 \u00b5m diamond stylus. The micrograph is shown in FIGURE 3 and FIGURE 4, Evolution of COF, and penetration depth in FIGURE 5. The PTFE coating scratch test results are summarized in TABLE 4. As the load on the diamond stylus increased, it progressively penetrated into the coating, resulting in an increase in the COF. When a load of ~8.5 N was reached, the breakthrough of the coating and exposure of the substrate occurred under high pressure, leading to a high COF of ~0.3. The low St Dev shown in TABLE 2 demonstrates the repeatability of the PTFE coating scratch test conducted using the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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FIGURE 3:<\/span> Micrograph of the full scratch on PTFE (10X).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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FIGURE 4:<\/span> Micrograph of the full scratch on PTFE (10X).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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FIGURE 5:<\/span> Friction graph showing the line of the critical point of failure for PTFE.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Scratch<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPoint of Failure [N]<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nFrictional Force [N]<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nCOF<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.335<\/td>\n0.124<\/td>\n0.285<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.337<\/td>\n0.207<\/td>\n0.310<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n0.380<\/td>\n0.229<\/td>\n0.295<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Average<\/td>\n8.52<\/td>\n2.47<\/td>\n0.297<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
St dev<\/td>\n0.17<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n0.012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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TABLE 2:<\/span> Summary of Critical Load, Frictional Force, and COF during the scratch test.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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CONCLUSION<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In this study, we conducted a simulation of the wear process of a PTFE coating for non-stick pans using the NANOVEA T50 Tribometer in linear reciprocating mode. The PTFE coating exhibited a low COF of ~0.18 the coating experienced a breakthrough at around 130 revolutions. The quantitative evaluation of the PTFE coating adhesion to the metal substrate was performed using the NANOVEA Mechanical Tester which determined the critical load of the coating adhesion failure to be ~8.5 N in this test.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

The NANOVEA Tribometers o\ufb00er precise and repeatable wear and friction testing capabilities using ISO and ASTM-compliant rotary and linear modes. They provide optional modules for high-temperature wear, lubrication, and tribocorrosion, all integrated into a single system. This versatility allows users to simulate real-world application environments more accurately and gain a beer understanding of the wear mechanisms and tribological properties of di\ufb00erent materials.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

The NANOVEA Mechanical Testers o\ufb00er Nano, Micro, and Macro modules, each of which includes ISO and ASTM compliant indentation, scratch, and wear testing modes, providing the widest and most user-friendly range of testing capabilities available in a single system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Got a similar application?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDISCUSS WITH AN EXPERT NOW<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGET PRICING & DETAILS FAST<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PTFE COATING WEAR TEST USING TRIBOMETER AND MECHANICAL TESTER Prepared by DUANJIE LI, PhD INTRODUCTION Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly known as Teflon, is a polymer with an exceptionally low coefficient of friction (COF) and excellent wear resistance, depending on the applied loads. PTFE exhibits superior chemical inertness, high melting point of 327\u00b0C (620\u00b0F), and maintains high […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,349,372,337,345,346,336],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-application-notes","category-laboratory-testing","category-linear-tribology","category-mechanical-testing","category-scratch-testing-adhesive-failure","category-scratch-testing-cohesive-failure","category-tribology-testing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22853"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25226,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22853\/revisions\/25226"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanovea.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}